Question 1

What activities are irrelevant for a critical review of the literature? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Citing literature sources using direct quotations 
B)  Focusing on data-based literature 
C)  Identifying conflicts or gaps in the literature 
D)  Supporting the findings using personal judgment 
A)  Citing literature sources using direct quotations 
B)  Focusing on data-based literature 
C)  Identifying conflicts or gaps in the literature 
D)  Supporting the findings using personal judgment A,D

Question 2

Why would a nurse researcher choose to use multiple online fee-based databases such as CINAHL and MEDLINE for nurse consumers of research?

Accepted Answer

A)  No cost is associated with these services. 
B)  Databases are updated monthly or weekly. 
C)  An independent professional critique of each work accompanies the full text. 
D)  The service provides translations to English of articles written in other languages. 
A)  No cost is associated with these services. 
B)  Databases are updated monthly or weekly. 
C)  An independent professional critique of each work accompanies the full text. 
D)  The service provides translations to English of articles written in other languages. B

Question 3

What resource represents the most comprehensive print source for nursing literature?

Accepted Answer

A)  MEDLINE 
B)  Card catalogue 
C)  World Wide Web 
D)  Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) 
A)  MEDLINE 
B)  Card catalogue 
C)  World Wide Web 
D)  Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) D

Question 4

Which manuscript title would lead a nurse researcher to interpret the article as conceptual in nature?

Accepted Answer

A)  The effects of using guided imagery relaxation on seven measures of stress 
B)  A study of stress experienced by mothers of young, chronically ill children 
C)  An exploration of the effects of change on nursing practice in acute ambulatory settings 
D)  Leading the initiative: the role of the advanced practice nurse practitioner in developing quality assurance programs in an ambulatory surgical setting 
A)  The effects of using guided imagery relaxation on seven measures of stress 
B)  A study of stress experienced by mothers of young, chronically ill children 
C)  An exploration of the effects of change on nursing practice in acute ambulatory settings 
D)  Leading the initiative: the role of the advanced practice nurse practitioner in developing quality assurance programs in an ambulatory surgical setting

Question 5

Which statement represents an operational definition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spirituality is a way of being or experiencing that comes about through an awareness of a transcendent dimension and one's identifiable values with regard to self, other, nature, and whatever one considers to be ultimate (Elkins, 1988). 
B)  Death anxiety is an uncomfortable feeling on contemplation of one's own death (Templer, 1986), measured by Templer's Death Anxiety Scale. 
C)  Maternal identity entails maternal cognitions and affect with regard to the maternal-infant relational system (Walker and Montgomery, 1994). 
D)  Pain is a pattern of responses to protect the organism from harm (Sternbach, 1979). 
A)  Spirituality is a way of being or experiencing that comes about through an awareness of a transcendent dimension and one's identifiable values with regard to self, other, nature, and whatever one considers to be ultimate (Elkins, 1988). 
B)  Death anxiety is an uncomfortable feeling on contemplation of one's own death (Templer, 1986), measured by Templer's Death Anxiety Scale. 
C)  Maternal identity entails maternal cognitions and affect with regard to the maternal-infant relational system (Walker and Montgomery, 1994). 
D)  Pain is a pattern of responses to protect the organism from harm (Sternbach, 1979).

Question 6

How is a model related to a concept or concepts?

Accepted Answer

A)  A model tests conceptual theories. 
B)  A concept defines the purpose of a model. 
C)  A model demonstrates the relationships among or between concepts. 
D)  Concepts generate the theoretical basis for knowledge depicted in a model. 
A)  A model tests conceptual theories. 
B)  A concept defines the purpose of a model. 
C)  A model demonstrates the relationships among or between concepts. 
D)  Concepts generate the theoretical basis for knowledge depicted in a model.

Question 7

A nurse researcher is critiquing a research article.How does the researcher interpret the article when the abstract contains the statement,"A study was conducted …"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Evidence-based literature 
B)  Conceptual literature 
C)  Clinical literature 
D)  Informational literature 
A)  Evidence-based literature 
B)  Conceptual literature 
C)  Clinical literature 
D)  Informational literature

Question 8

As the nurse researcher conducts an electronic literature search,the search reveals more than 7,000 citations for the topic searched.What is the researcher's accurate interpretation of this result?

Accepted Answer

A)  The search was comprehensive. 
B)  The key words were not sufficiently narrowed. 
C)  The topic does not require additional investigation. 
D)  The topic has broad application across health care disciplines. 
A)  The search was comprehensive. 
B)  The key words were not sufficiently narrowed. 
C)  The topic does not require additional investigation. 
D)  The topic has broad application across health care disciplines.

Question 9

How will a clinically based nurse researcher find that theory and practice are interrelated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Practice is the operational definition of theory. 
B)  Practice provides the opportunity to test theory. 
C)  Theory provides the evidence on which practice is based. 
D)  Theory generates questions that are used to refine practice. 
A)  Practice is the operational definition of theory. 
B)  Practice provides the opportunity to test theory. 
C)  Theory provides the evidence on which practice is based. 
D)  Theory generates questions that are used to refine practice.

Question 10

The nurse researcher is conducting a seminar for consumers on use of the Internet for research.What factor limits the usefulness of the World Wide Web as a source of information for research consumers?

Accepted Answer

A)  Downloading can be a slow process. 
B)  Nontext capabilities reduce the professionalism of presentations. 
C)  There is little quality control over the information on some Web sites. 
D)  Much of the available information is too technical to be understood by the casual reader. 
A)  Downloading can be a slow process. 
B)  Nontext capabilities reduce the professionalism of presentations. 
C)  There is little quality control over the information on some Web sites. 
D)  Much of the available information is too technical to be understood by the casual reader.

Question 11

Which sequence represents movement from a greater level of abstraction to a more concrete relationship between concepts used by nurse researchers?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conceptual model, theory, hypothesis 
B)  Theory, hypothesis, conceptual model 
C)  Hypothesis, conceptual model, theory 
D)  Hypothesis, theory, conceptual model 
A)  Conceptual model, theory, hypothesis 
B)  Theory, hypothesis, conceptual model 
C)  Hypothesis, conceptual model, theory 
D)  Hypothesis, theory, conceptual model

Question 12

Which selection demonstrates a Boolean connection in conducting a literature search?

Accepted Answer

A)  Explode topic 
B)  Limit search to abstracts 
C)  Search from 1995 to 2001 
D)  Search diabetes diagnosis and treatment 
A)  Explode topic 
B)  Limit search to abstracts 
C)  Search from 1995 to 2001 
D)  Search diabetes diagnosis and treatment

Question 13

Which description or heading would indicate a data-based article to a nurse researcher?

Accepted Answer

A)  Purpose 
B)  Conclusions 
C)  Method 
D)  Organizing framework 
A)  Purpose 
B)  Conclusions 
C)  Method 
D)  Organizing framework

Question 14

How is a review of the literature most effectively organized?

Accepted Answer

A)  Retrieved materials 
B)  Theoretical summaries 
C)  Importance of the author 
D)  Variables being studied 
A)  Retrieved materials 
B)  Theoretical summaries 
C)  Importance of the author 
D)  Variables being studied

Question 15

The nurse researcher is critiquing a research study.How should the study be evaluated? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  According to each step of the research process 
B)  According to the number of articles cited in the introduction and literature review 
C)  According to the overall value of cited literature 
D)  According to the knowledge revealed by the completed study 
A)  According to each step of the research process 
B)  According to the number of articles cited in the introduction and literature review 
C)  According to the overall value of cited literature 
D)  According to the knowledge revealed by the completed study

Question 16

Which of the following statements are true related to critiquing theoretical frameworks in nursing research? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Theoretical frameworks guide hypothesis formulation in qualitative and quantitative research studies. 
B)  Theoretical frameworks can be implicitly or explicitly stated in a research report. 
C)  Nursing theories must be used for theoretical frameworks in nursing research. 
D)  A theoretical framework might not be identified in all types of nursing research. 
E)  Theoretical concepts should clearly reflect the area of study. 
A)  Theoretical frameworks guide hypothesis formulation in qualitative and quantitative research studies. 
B)  Theoretical frameworks can be implicitly or explicitly stated in a research report. 
C)  Nursing theories must be used for theoretical frameworks in nursing research. 
D)  A theoretical framework might not be identified in all types of nursing research. 
E)  Theoretical concepts should clearly reflect the area of study.

Question 17

What is considered to be essential to a thorough and relevant review of the literature?

Accepted Answer

A)  Use of both published and unpublished sources 
B)  Critical evaluation of mainly primary sources 
C)  Liberal use of secondary sources 
D)  Use of sources only written by the original person who conducted the study 
A)  Use of both published and unpublished sources 
B)  Critical evaluation of mainly primary sources 
C)  Liberal use of secondary sources 
D)  Use of sources only written by the original person who conducted the study

Question 18

Which statement most accurately describes a student gathering information on a topic in preparing a paper for a class assignment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Critiquing a study 
B)  Researching a topic 
C)  Conducting a study 
D)  Searching the literature 
A)  Critiquing a study 
B)  Researching a topic 
C)  Conducting a study 
D)  Searching the literature

Question 19

Which objective of a review of the literature is unique to a review for research purposes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Discover conceptual traditions used to examine problems 
B)  Generate useful research questions and hypotheses for nursing 
C)  Determine what is unknown about a subject, concept, or problem as well as what requires clarification 
D)  Uncover a new practice intervention or gain support for current interventions, protocols, and policies 
A)  Discover conceptual traditions used to examine problems 
B)  Generate useful research questions and hypotheses for nursing 
C)  Determine what is unknown about a subject, concept, or problem as well as what requires clarification 
D)  Uncover a new practice intervention or gain support for current interventions, protocols, and policies

Question 20

What is an appropriate method of eliminating irrelevant sources when the nurse researcher conducts an electronic search for articles for a literature review on a selected topic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Collect and critically read all articles related to the topic published in the last 10 years. 
B)  Select for printout only those articles whose abstracts indicate usefulness. 
C)  Avoid articles from clinical journals. 
D)  Avoid articles that do not include the term study in the title. 
A)  Collect and critically read all articles related to the topic published in the last 10 years. 
B)  Select for printout only those articles whose abstracts indicate usefulness. 
C)  Avoid articles from clinical journals. 
D)  Avoid articles that do not include the term study in the title.

What activities are irrelevant for a critical review of the literature? (Select all that apply.)

Why would a nurse researcher choose to use multiple online fee-based databases such as CINAHL and MEDLINE for nurse consumers of research?

What resource represents the most comprehensive print source for nursing literature?

Which manuscript title would lead a nurse researcher to interpret the article as conceptual in nature?

Which statement represents an operational definition?

How is a model related to a concept or concepts?

A nurse researcher is critiquing a research article.How does the researcher interpret the article when the abstract contains the statement,"A study was conducted …"?

As the nurse researcher conducts an electronic literature search,the search reveals more than 7,000 citations for the topic searched.What is the researcher's accurate interpretation of this result?

How will a clinically based nurse researcher find that theory and practice are interrelated?

The nurse researcher is conducting a seminar for consumers on use of the Internet for research.What factor limits the usefulness of the World Wide Web as a source of information for research consumers?

Which sequence represents movement from a greater level of abstraction to a more concrete relationship between concepts used by nurse researchers?

Which selection demonstrates a Boolean connection in conducting a literature search?

Which description or heading would indicate a data-based article to a nurse researcher?

How is a review of the literature most effectively organized?

The nurse researcher is critiquing a research study.How should the study be evaluated? (Select all that apply.)

Which of the following statements are true related to critiquing theoretical frameworks in nursing research? (Select all that apply.)

What is considered to be essential to a thorough and relevant review of the literature?

Which statement most accurately describes a student gathering information on a topic in preparing a paper for a class assignment?

Which objective of a review of the literature is unique to a review for research purposes?

What is an appropriate method of eliminating irrelevant sources when the nurse researcher conducts an electronic search for articles for a literature review on a selected topic?

Integrating the Processes of Research and Evidence-Based Practice

Research Questions, hypotheses, and Clinical Questions

Introduction to Qualitative Research

Qualitative Approaches to Research

Appraising Qualitative Research

Introduction to Quantitative Research

Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs

Nonexperimental Designs

Sampling

Legal and Ethical Issues

Data-Collection Methods

Reliability and Validity

Data Analysis: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

Understanding Research Findings

Appraising Quantitative Research

Developing an Evidence-Based Practice

Tools for Applying Evidence to Practice

Filters

Exam 3: Gathering and Appraising the Literature

What activities are irrelevant for a critical review of the literature? (Select all that apply.)

Why would a nurse researcher choose to use multiple online fee-based databases such as CINAHL and MEDLINE for nurse consumers of research?

What resource represents the most comprehensive print source for nursing literature?

Which manuscript title would lead a nurse researcher to interpret the article as conceptual in nature?

Which statement represents an operational definition?

How is a model related to a concept or concepts?

A nurse researcher is critiquing a research article.How does the researcher interpret the article when the abstract contains the statement,"A study was conducted …"?

As the nurse researcher conducts an electronic literature search,the search reveals more than 7,000 citations for the topic searched.What is the researcher's accurate interpretation of this result?

How will a clinically based nurse researcher find that theory and practice are interrelated?

The nurse researcher is conducting a seminar for consumers on use of the Internet for research.What factor limits the usefulness of the World Wide Web as a source of information for research consumers?

Which sequence represents movement from a greater level of abstraction to a more concrete relationship between concepts used by nurse researchers?

Which selection demonstrates a Boolean connection in conducting a literature search?

Which description or heading would indicate a data-based article to a nurse researcher?

How is a review of the literature most effectively organized?

The nurse researcher is critiquing a research study.How should the study be evaluated? (Select all that apply.)

Which of the following statements are true related to critiquing theoretical frameworks in nursing research? (Select all that apply.)

What is considered to be essential to a thorough and relevant review of the literature?

Which statement most accurately describes a student gathering information on a topic in preparing a paper for a class assignment?

Which objective of a review of the literature is unique to a review for research purposes?

What is an appropriate method of eliminating irrelevant sources when the nurse researcher conducts an electronic search for articles for a literature review on a selected topic?

Integrating the Processes of Research and Evidence-Based Practice

Research Questions, hypotheses, and Clinical Questions

Introduction to Qualitative Research

Qualitative Approaches to Research

Appraising Qualitative Research

Introduction to Quantitative Research

Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs

Nonexperimental Designs

Sampling

Legal and Ethical Issues

Data-Collection Methods

Reliability and Validity

Data Analysis: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

Understanding Research Findings

Appraising Quantitative Research

Developing an Evidence-Based Practice

Tools for Applying Evidence to Practice

Filters