Question 1

Porter and Lawler's extension of the expectancy model argues that

Accepted Answer

A) only extrinsic rewards are important. 
B) reward equity replaces valence. 
C) ability, traits, and role perceptions are removed from the original model. 
D) rewards are less important than originally thought. 
E) high levels of performance may lead to satisfaction. 
A) only extrinsic rewards are important. 
B) reward equity replaces valence. 
C) ability, traits, and role perceptions are removed from the original model. 
D) rewards are less important than originally thought. 
E) high levels of performance may lead to satisfaction.

Question 2

For various reasons, Tamarra is unable to move ahead into a higher position at work. According to Alderfer's ERG theory, which of the following sets of needs will become more important to Tamarra?

Accepted Answer

A) Existence 
B) Growth 
C) Relatedness 
D) Security 
E) Belongingness 
A) Existence 
B) Growth 
C) Relatedness 
D) Security 
E) Belongingness

Question 3

What are Maslow's five levels of needs, and how do they relate to motivation? How do they relate to each other?

Accepted Answer

Maslow's five levels of needs are often

Question 4

Fixed-interval reinforcement provides reinforcement on a fixed time schedule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The equity theory describes the equity comparison process in terms of a(n) __________ ratio.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The equity theory describes the equity comparison...

Question 6

Equity is achieved when an individual perceives that he or she is being treated fairly in relation to others.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

One ethical criticism of OB modification is that it involves _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One ethical criticism of OB modification is...

Question 8

According to extinction, if rewards are removed from behaviors that were previously reinforced, the behaviors are likely to decrease in frequency and eventually disappear.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

At its most elementary level, reinforcement theory suggests that behavior is a function of its _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of At its most elementary level, reinforcement theory...

Question 10

According to the dual-structure theory of motivation, all of these are hygiene factors EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) working conditions. 
B) supervision. 
C) company policies. 
D) the work itself. 
E) interpersonal relationships. 
A) working conditions. 
B) supervision. 
C) company policies. 
D) the work itself. 
E) interpersonal relationships.

Question 11

____ needs, according to Maslow's hierarchy, are the most basic requirements that people possess.

Accepted Answer

A) Growth 
B) Security 
C) Physiological 
D) Self-actualization 
E) Esteem 
A) Growth 
B) Security 
C) Physiological 
D) Self-actualization 
E) Esteem

Question 12

Match the following:
-inequity

Accepted Answer

A) realizing full potential 
B) observe the behavior of others 
C) food, water, air 
D) permanent change in behavior 
E) unpleasant results from behavior
F)employees are motivated by money
G)similar to belongingness and esteem
H)leads people to behave in specific ways
I)how motivation occurs
J)reduce dissatisfaction
K)dual-structure theory
L)Abraham Maslow
M)scientific management motivator
N)what an individual requires or wants
O)based on social comparisons
P)do better than in the past
Q)seldom used by managers
R)consequences of behavior
S)being treated unfairly
T)human companionship 
A) realizing full potential 
B) observe the behavior of others 
C) food, water, air 
D) permanent change in behavior 
E) unpleasant results from behavior
F)employees are motivated by money
G)similar to belongingness and esteem
H)leads people to behave in specific ways
I)how motivation occurs
J)reduce dissatisfaction
K)dual-structure theory
L)Abraham Maslow
M)scientific management motivator
N)what an individual requires or wants
O)based on social comparisons
P)do better than in the past
Q)seldom used by managers
R)consequences of behavior
S)being treated unfairly
T)human companionship

Question 13

Match the following:
-Herzberg

Accepted Answer

A) realizing full potential 
B) observe the behavior of others 
C) food, water, air 
D) permanent change in behavior 
E) unpleasant results from behavior
F)employees are motivated by money
G)similar to belongingness and esteem
H)leads people to behave in specific ways
I)how motivation occurs
J)reduce dissatisfaction
K)dual-structure theory
L)Abraham Maslow
M)scientific management motivator
N)what an individual requires or wants
O)based on social comparisons
P)do better than in the past
Q)seldom used by managers
R)consequences of behavior
S)being treated unfairly
T)human companionship 
A) realizing full potential 
B) observe the behavior of others 
C) food, water, air 
D) permanent change in behavior 
E) unpleasant results from behavior
F)employees are motivated by money
G)similar to belongingness and esteem
H)leads people to behave in specific ways
I)how motivation occurs
J)reduce dissatisfaction
K)dual-structure theory
L)Abraham Maslow
M)scientific management motivator
N)what an individual requires or wants
O)based on social comparisons
P)do better than in the past
Q)seldom used by managers
R)consequences of behavior
S)being treated unfairly
T)human companionship

Question 14

Evidence suggests that supervisors can more easily manage employees' motivation than they can their ability or the environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

OB modification attempts to use

Accepted Answer

A) positive reinforcement to encourage desired behaviors. 
B) punishment to discourage frequent behaviors. 
C) extinction to encourage infrequent behavior. 
D) avoidance to discourage potentially negative future behaviors. 
E) the work environment to shape behavior. 
A) positive reinforcement to encourage desired behaviors. 
B) punishment to discourage frequent behaviors. 
C) extinction to encourage infrequent behavior. 
D) avoidance to discourage potentially negative future behaviors. 
E) the work environment to shape behavior.

Question 16

Equity theory provides several insights for managerial applications to everyday situations in the workplace. Which of the following statements is NOT true in this regard?

Accepted Answer

A) People tend to take a multifaceted view of the rewards they receive from the organization. 
B) The basis for organizational rewards should be clearly communicated to employees. 
C) People base their experience of equity on their perceptions, not on reality. 
D) Formal and informal organizational rewards are equally observable to individuals when formulating equity perceptions. 
E) Employees' perceptions may differ from the manager's perceptions. 
A) People tend to take a multifaceted view of the rewards they receive from the organization. 
B) The basis for organizational rewards should be clearly communicated to employees. 
C) People base their experience of equity on their perceptions, not on reality. 
D) Formal and informal organizational rewards are equally observable to individuals when formulating equity perceptions. 
E) Employees' perceptions may differ from the manager's perceptions.

Question 17

According to Herzberg, motivation factors include factors such as achievement, recognition, and responsibility.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Match the following:
-need for achievement

Accepted Answer

A) realizing full potential 
B) observe the behavior of others 
C) food, water, air 
D) permanent change in behavior 
E) unpleasant results from behavior
F)employees are motivated by money
G)similar to belongingness and esteem
H)leads people to behave in specific ways
I)how motivation occurs
J)reduce dissatisfaction
K)dual-structure theory
L)Abraham Maslow
M)scientific management motivator
N)what an individual requires or wants
O)based on social comparisons
P)do better than in the past
Q)seldom used by managers
R)consequences of behavior
S)being treated unfairly
T)human companionship 
A) realizing full potential 
B) observe the behavior of others 
C) food, water, air 
D) permanent change in behavior 
E) unpleasant results from behavior
F)employees are motivated by money
G)similar to belongingness and esteem
H)leads people to behave in specific ways
I)how motivation occurs
J)reduce dissatisfaction
K)dual-structure theory
L)Abraham Maslow
M)scientific management motivator
N)what an individual requires or wants
O)based on social comparisons
P)do better than in the past
Q)seldom used by managers
R)consequences of behavior
S)being treated unfairly
T)human companionship

Question 19

Discuss four of the six common ways in which individuals respond to perceived inequity and provide an example of each. How do you think individuals might respond to overpayment inequity?

Accepted Answer

There are six common ways in which indiv

Question 20

The human resources approach to motivation assumes

Accepted Answer

A) employees are economically motivated. 
B) that employees will achieve their security needs. 
C) that the contributions themselves are valuable to both the individuals and the organization. 
D) individual differences. 
E) that motivation is driven by compensation. 
A) employees are economically motivated. 
B) that employees will achieve their security needs. 
C) that the contributions themselves are valuable to both the individuals and the organization. 
D) individual differences. 
E) that motivation is driven by compensation.

Porter and Lawler's extension of the expectancy model argues that

For various reasons, Tamarra is unable to move ahead into a higher position at work. According to Alderfer's ERG theory, which of the following sets of needs will become more important to Tamarra?

What are Maslow's five levels of needs, and how do they relate to motivation? How do they relate to each other?

Fixed-interval reinforcement provides reinforcement on a fixed time schedule.

The equity theory describes the equity comparison process in terms of a(n) __________ ratio.

Equity is achieved when an individual perceives that he or she is being treated fairly in relation to others.

One ethical criticism of OB modification is that it involves _________.

According to extinction, if rewards are removed from behaviors that were previously reinforced, the behaviors are likely to decrease in frequency and eventually disappear.

At its most elementary level, reinforcement theory suggests that behavior is a function of its _________.

According to the dual-structure theory of motivation, all of these are hygiene factors EXCEPT:

____ needs, according to Maslow's hierarchy, are the most basic requirements that people possess.

Match the following: -inequity

Match the following: -Herzberg

Evidence suggests that supervisors can more easily manage employees' motivation than they can their ability or the environment.

OB modification attempts to use

Equity theory provides several insights for managerial applications to everyday situations in the workplace. Which of the following statements is NOT true in this regard?

According to Herzberg, motivation factors include factors such as achievement, recognition, and responsibility.

Match the following: -need for achievement

Discuss four of the six common ways in which individuals respond to perceived inequity and provide an example of each. How do you think individuals might respond to overpayment inequity?

The human resources approach to motivation assumes

An Overview of Organizational Behavior

The Changing Environment of Organizations

Foundations of Individual Behavior

Motivating Employee Performance Through Work

Motivating Employee Performance Through Rewards

Managing Stress and the Work-Life Balance

Decision Making and Problem Solving

Foundations of Interpersonal and Group Behavior

Using Teams in Organizations

Communication in Organizations

Traditional Models for Understanding Leadership

Contemporary Views of Leadership in Organizations

Power, Politics, and Organizational Justice

Conflict and Negotiation in Organizations

Organization Design

Organization Culture

Organization Change and Development

Filters

Exam 4: Motivation in Organizations

Porter and Lawler's extension of the expectancy model argues that

For various reasons, Tamarra is unable to move ahead into a higher position at work. According to Alderfer's ERG theory, which of the following sets of needs will become more important to Tamarra?

What are Maslow's five levels of needs, and how do they relate to motivation? How do they relate to each other?

Fixed-interval reinforcement provides reinforcement on a fixed time schedule.

The equity theory describes the equity comparison process in terms of a(n) __________ ratio.

Equity is achieved when an individual perceives that he or she is being treated fairly in relation to others.

One ethical criticism of OB modification is that it involves _________.

According to extinction, if rewards are removed from behaviors that were previously reinforced, the behaviors are likely to decrease in frequency and eventually disappear.

At its most elementary level, reinforcement theory suggests that behavior is a function of its _________.

According to the dual-structure theory of motivation, all of these are hygiene factors EXCEPT:

____ needs, according to Maslow's hierarchy, are the most basic requirements that people possess.

Match the following: -inequity

Match the following: -Herzberg

Evidence suggests that supervisors can more easily manage employees' motivation than they can their ability or the environment.

OB modification attempts to use

Equity theory provides several insights for managerial applications to everyday situations in the workplace. Which of the following statements is NOT true in this regard?

According to Herzberg, motivation factors include factors such as achievement, recognition, and responsibility.

Match the following: -need for achievement

Discuss four of the six common ways in which individuals respond to perceived inequity and provide an example of each. How do you think individuals might respond to overpayment inequity?

The human resources approach to motivation assumes

An Overview of Organizational Behavior

The Changing Environment of Organizations

Foundations of Individual Behavior

Motivating Employee Performance Through Work

Motivating Employee Performance Through Rewards

Managing Stress and the Work-Life Balance

Decision Making and Problem Solving

Foundations of Interpersonal and Group Behavior

Using Teams in Organizations

Communication in Organizations

Traditional Models for Understanding Leadership

Contemporary Views of Leadership in Organizations

Power, Politics, and Organizational Justice

Conflict and Negotiation in Organizations

Organization Design

Organization Culture

Organization Change and Development

Filters