Exam 14: Energy Balance, Physical Activity

Behavioral strategies for interrupting poor eating behaviors include __________.

Activated in adipose tissue where it encodes and stimulates production of a body fat-signaling hormone-like protein, which then enters the bloodstream.

A relatively low body fat increases the energy cost of weight-bearing physical activity and also provides a worsening gradient to dissipate metabolic heat generated during up to 45 minutes of physical activity.

Repeated bouts of weight loss-weight regain increase the likelihood of death from a heart attack.

Overweight and obesity usually trigger yo-yo dieting as a legitimate way to reduce excess body fat.

More likely than not, the culprits in the fattening of America are predominantly a sedentary lifestyle and ready availability of tasty, lipid-rich, and calorie-rich foods currently offered in increasingly larger portions.

More than 69% of the U.S. population now classify as either overweight or obese with 25% to 30% achieving the overweight classification.

Leptin.

Overweight refers to the overfat condition that accompanies a constellation of comorbidities.

Excessive body fat health risk.

Standard resistance training performed regularly increases ___________ (if FFM increases).

Overweight children and adolescents do not have the same health risks associated with obesity in adulthood.

Reducing 100 kilocalories in daily metabolism.

Regular physical activity, with or without dietary restriction, protects against weight gain and favorably changes body mass and body composition.

Excessive body fat represents the most common chronic disorder among poor and minority children.

Specialized collection of neurons in the mediobasal hypothalamus that controls appetite and metabolism and develops soon after birth.

Maximizing fat loss and minimizing lean-tissue mass loss follow a general guideline known as the "Quarter Fat-Free Mass Rule," which states that the expected lean tissue loss as fat-free mass follows a pattern of about __________ comes from fat-free mass, with the remainder mostly fat mass and some fluid.

The UCP2 gene activates a protein that stimulates the burning of excess calories as heat without coupling to other energy-consuming process.

Excessive body fatness becomes particularly prevalent among affluent, white children.

Water loss helps to reduce body fat.