Question 1

Supplemental vitamin D can improve skeletal muscle function and muscular strength in frail vitamin D-insufficient individuals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Consuming a 1000-milligram vitamin C supplement daily for 6 weeks causes undesirable changes in cellular DNA. 
B)  Antioxidant vitamins protect the plasma membrane. 
C)  Vitamin E increases prostate cancer risk. 
D)  Vitamins increase damage to cellular constituents. 
A)  Consuming a 1000-milligram vitamin C supplement daily for 6 weeks causes undesirable changes in cellular DNA. 
B)  Antioxidant vitamins protect the plasma membrane. 
C)  Vitamin E increases prostate cancer risk. 
D)  Vitamins increase damage to cellular constituents.

Question 3

Maintaining a diet with recommended levels of vitamin C __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  can raise serum uric acid levels and precipitate gout in people predisposed to this disease 
B)  reduces the risk for several types of cancer 
C)  reduces hypertension risk 
D)  decreases endurance exercise performance 
A)  can raise serum uric acid levels and precipitate gout in people predisposed to this disease 
B)  reduces the risk for several types of cancer 
C)  reduces hypertension risk 
D)  decreases endurance exercise performance

Question 4

Trabecular bone represents the spongy, less dense, and relatively weaker bone most prevalent in the vertebrae and ball of the femur.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following is not a risk factor for osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Being overweight 
B)  Cigarette smoking 
C)  Caucasian or Asian ethnicity 
D)  Frequent meat consumption 
A)  Being overweight 
B)  Cigarette smoking 
C)  Caucasian or Asian ethnicity 
D)  Frequent meat consumption

Question 6

Calcium __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  forms bones and teeth when combined with phosphorous 
B)  is essential for blood clotting when combined with phosphorous 
C)  absorbs more readily with ingestion of vitamin E 
D)  increases skin cancer risk when deficient in the diet 
A)  forms bones and teeth when combined with phosphorous 
B)  is essential for blood clotting when combined with phosphorous 
C)  absorbs more readily with ingestion of vitamin E 
D)  increases skin cancer risk when deficient in the diet

Question 7

The accumulation of potentially damaging free radicals is called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  oxidative stress 
B)  redox state 
C)  oxygenation enhancement 
D)  electron scavenging 
A)  oxidative stress 
B)  redox state 
C)  oxygenation enhancement 
D)  electron scavenging

Question 8

Extracellular water volume exceeds intracellular water volume.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following turns inactive enzymes into active form?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamins 
B)  Minerals 
C)  Coenzymes 
D)  Trace minerals 
A)  Vitamins 
B)  Minerals 
C)  Coenzymes 
D)  Trace minerals

Question 10

Hemosiderin transports iron in the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Cells that synthesize bone are called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  osteoclasts 
B)  osteoblasts 
C)  osteocams 
D)  osteosynthetic 
A)  osteoclasts 
B)  osteoblasts 
C)  osteocams 
D)  osteosynthetic

Question 12

Free radicals facilitate low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol oxidation, thus accelerating atherosclerosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Myoglobin aids in oxygen storage and transport within red blood cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Sweating, even during extreme physical activity, probably produces a negligible loss of water-soluble vitamins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A compound with some similarities to hemoglobin that aids in oxygen storage and transport within the muscle cell is myoglobin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Vitamins C, E, and beta-carotene __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  serve as protective antioxidant agents to blunt potential cellular damage from free radical attack 
B)  reduce the frequency and duration of fungal infections 
C)  facilitate energy metabolism during exercise 
D)  reduce the risk of osteoporosis 
A)  serve as protective antioxidant agents to blunt potential cellular damage from free radical attack 
B)  reduce the frequency and duration of fungal infections 
C)  facilitate energy metabolism during exercise 
D)  reduce the risk of osteoporosis

Question 17

Metabolic water represents the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  majority of a sedentary adult's daily water requirement 
B)  water contained in ingested foods 
C)  water required for the hydrolysis of food nutrients 
D)  water formed in the hydrolysis of food nutrients 
A)  majority of a sedentary adult's daily water requirement 
B)  water contained in ingested foods 
C)  water required for the hydrolysis of food nutrients 
D)  water formed in the hydrolysis of food nutrients

Question 18

Men are immune to developing osteoporosis because of sex differences in bone structure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

A true statement about free radicals and antioxidants.

Accepted Answer

A)  A normal to above normal intake of vitamin E and beta-carotene may eliminate the progression of coronary artery narrowing and reduce heart attack risk. 
B)  Nutritive-reducing agents include vitamins D, C, and E, and beta-carotene, the vitamin A precursor. 
C)  Antioxidant scavenger enzymes include catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and phosphofructokinase. 
D)  Antioxidants exert a destructive effect on the lipid components of the cell's plasma membrane. 
A)  A normal to above normal intake of vitamin E and beta-carotene may eliminate the progression of coronary artery narrowing and reduce heart attack risk. 
B)  Nutritive-reducing agents include vitamins D, C, and E, and beta-carotene, the vitamin A precursor. 
C)  Antioxidant scavenger enzymes include catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and phosphofructokinase. 
D)  Antioxidants exert a destructive effect on the lipid components of the cell's plasma membrane.

Question 20

Consuming recommended amounts of folate supports fetal nervous system development in early stages of pregnancy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Supplemental vitamin D can improve skeletal muscle function and muscular strength in frail vitamin D-insufficient individuals.

Which of the following statements is true?

Maintaining a diet with recommended levels of vitamin C __________.

Trabecular bone represents the spongy, less dense, and relatively weaker bone most prevalent in the vertebrae and ball of the femur.

Which of the following is not a risk factor for osteoporosis?

Calcium __________.

The accumulation of potentially damaging free radicals is called __________.

Extracellular water volume exceeds intracellular water volume.

Which of the following turns inactive enzymes into active form?

Hemosiderin transports iron in the blood.

Cells that synthesize bone are called __________.

Free radicals facilitate low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol oxidation, thus accelerating atherosclerosis.

Myoglobin aids in oxygen storage and transport within red blood cells.

Sweating, even during extreme physical activity, probably produces a negligible loss of water-soluble vitamins.

A compound with some similarities to hemoglobin that aids in oxygen storage and transport within the muscle cell is myoglobin.

Vitamins C, E, and beta-carotene __________.

Metabolic water represents the __________.

Men are immune to developing osteoporosis because of sex differences in bone structure.

A true statement about free radicals and antioxidants.

Consuming recommended amounts of folate supports fetal nervous system development in early stages of pregnancy.

The Macronutrients

Nutrient Digestion and Absorption

Nutrient Role in Bioenergetics

Macronutrient Metabolism

Measurement of Energy in Food

Making Informed and Healthful Nutritional

Nutritional Considerations for Intense

Making Wise Choices in the Nutrition

Physical Activity- Thermoregulation

Pharmacologic and Chemical Ergogenic

Nutritional Ergogenic Aids Evaluated

Body Composition Assessment

Energy Balance, Physical Activity

Disordered Eating

Filters

Exam 2: The Micronutrients and Water

Supplemental vitamin D can improve skeletal muscle function and muscular strength in frail vitamin D-insufficient individuals.

Which of the following statements is true?

Maintaining a diet with recommended levels of vitamin C __________.

Trabecular bone represents the spongy, less dense, and relatively weaker bone most prevalent in the vertebrae and ball of the femur.

Which of the following is not a risk factor for osteoporosis?

Calcium __________.

The accumulation of potentially damaging free radicals is called __________.

Extracellular water volume exceeds intracellular water volume.

Which of the following turns inactive enzymes into active form?

Hemosiderin transports iron in the blood.

Cells that synthesize bone are called __________.

Free radicals facilitate low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol oxidation, thus accelerating atherosclerosis.

Myoglobin aids in oxygen storage and transport within red blood cells.

Sweating, even during extreme physical activity, probably produces a negligible loss of water-soluble vitamins.

A compound with some similarities to hemoglobin that aids in oxygen storage and transport within the muscle cell is myoglobin.

Vitamins C, E, and beta-carotene __________.

Metabolic water represents the __________.

Men are immune to developing osteoporosis because of sex differences in bone structure.

A true statement about free radicals and antioxidants.

Consuming recommended amounts of folate supports fetal nervous system development in early stages of pregnancy.

The Macronutrients

Nutrient Digestion and Absorption

Nutrient Role in Bioenergetics

Macronutrient Metabolism

Measurement of Energy in Food

Making Informed and Healthful Nutritional

Nutritional Considerations for Intense

Making Wise Choices in the Nutrition

Physical Activity- Thermoregulation

Pharmacologic and Chemical Ergogenic

Nutritional Ergogenic Aids Evaluated

Body Composition Assessment

Energy Balance, Physical Activity

Disordered Eating

Filters