Question 1

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is caused by a/an:

Accepted Answer

A)  rhinovirus. 
B)  mycoplasma. 
C)  influenza virus. 
D)  coronavirus. 
A)  rhinovirus. 
B)  mycoplasma. 
C)  influenza virus. 
D)  coronavirus.

Question 2

The central chemoreceptors in the medulla are normally most sensitive to:

Accepted Answer

A)  low oxygen level. 
B)  low concentration of hydrogen ions. 
C)  elevated oxygen level. 
D)  elevated carbon dioxide level. 
A)  low oxygen level. 
B)  low concentration of hydrogen ions. 
C)  elevated oxygen level. 
D)  elevated carbon dioxide level.

Question 3

Which of the following is typical of chronic bronchitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased activity of the mucous glands 
B)  Fibrosis of the bronchial wall 
C)  Overinflation of bronchioles and alveoli 
D)  Formation of blebs or bullae on the lung surface 
A)  Decreased activity of the mucous glands 
B)  Fibrosis of the bronchial wall 
C)  Overinflation of bronchioles and alveoli 
D)  Formation of blebs or bullae on the lung surface

Question 4

The mutated gene for cystic fibrosis is located on the:

Accepted Answer

A)  seventh chromosome. 
B)  tenth chromosome. 
C)  fifteenth chromosome. 
D)  X chromosome. 
A)  seventh chromosome. 
B)  tenth chromosome. 
C)  fifteenth chromosome. 
D)  X chromosome.

Question 5

Signs and symptoms of acute sinusitis usually include:

Accepted Answer

A)  serous nasal discharge and chronic cough. 
B)  copious frothy sputum and dyspnea. 
C)  severe localized pain in the facial bone and tenderness in the face. 
D)  fetid breath and sore throat. 
A)  serous nasal discharge and chronic cough. 
B)  copious frothy sputum and dyspnea. 
C)  severe localized pain in the facial bone and tenderness in the face. 
D)  fetid breath and sore throat.

Question 6

How does a large pleural effusion lead to atelectasis?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cohesion between the pleural membranes is disrupted. 
B)  There is decreased intrapleural pressure. 
C)  The mediastinal contents compress the affected side. 
D)  Pleuritic pain causes very shallow breathing. 
A)  The cohesion between the pleural membranes is disrupted. 
B)  There is decreased intrapleural pressure. 
C)  The mediastinal contents compress the affected side. 
D)  Pleuritic pain causes very shallow breathing.

Question 7

What is the cause of chronic bronchitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chronic irritation, inflammation, and recurrent infection of the larger airways 
B)  A genetic defect causing excessive production of mucus 
C)  Hypersensitivity to parasympathetic stimulation in the bronchi 
D)  Deficit of enzymes, preventing tissue degeneration 
A)  Chronic irritation, inflammation, and recurrent infection of the larger airways 
B)  A genetic defect causing excessive production of mucus 
C)  Hypersensitivity to parasympathetic stimulation in the bronchi 
D)  Deficit of enzymes, preventing tissue degeneration

Question 8

Why does cor pulmonale develop with chronic pulmonary disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  The right ventricle pumps more blood than the left ventricle. 
B)  Pulmonary fibrosis and vasoconstriction increase vascular resistance. 
C)  Demands on the left ventricle are excessive. 
D)  Blood viscosity is increased, adding to cardiac workload. 
A)  The right ventricle pumps more blood than the left ventricle. 
B)  Pulmonary fibrosis and vasoconstriction increase vascular resistance. 
C)  Demands on the left ventricle are excessive. 
D)  Blood viscosity is increased, adding to cardiac workload.

Question 9

What are typical signs and symptoms of epiglottitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hyperinflation of the chest and stridor 
B)  Hoarse voice and barking cough 
C)  Sudden fever, sore throat, and drooling saliva 
D)  Sneezing, mild cough, and fever 
A)  Hyperinflation of the chest and stridor 
B)  Hoarse voice and barking cough 
C)  Sudden fever, sore throat, and drooling saliva 
D)  Sneezing, mild cough, and fever

Question 10

During an acute asthma attack, how does respiratory obstruction occur?
1) Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle
2) Edema of the mucosa
3) Increased secretion of thick, tenacious mucus
4) Contraction of elastic fibers

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2 
B)  1, 3 
C)  2, 3 
D)  2, 4 
A)  1, 2 
B)  1, 3 
C)  2, 3 
D)  2, 4

Question 11

With a flail chest injury, events during inspiration include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Air is sucked into the lung through the chest wall. 
B)  The mediastinum shifts toward the unaffected side. 
C)  The floating segment is pushed outward. 
D)  The trachea deviates toward the affected side. 
A)  Air is sucked into the lung through the chest wall. 
B)  The mediastinum shifts toward the unaffected side. 
C)  The floating segment is pushed outward. 
D)  The trachea deviates toward the affected side.

Question 12

All of the following are expected with infant respiratory distress syndrome EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  severe hypoxia. 
B)  respiratory alkalosis. 
C)  pulmonary vasoconstriction. 
D)  fluid and protein in the alveoli. 
A)  severe hypoxia. 
B)  respiratory alkalosis. 
C)  pulmonary vasoconstriction. 
D)  fluid and protein in the alveoli.

Question 13

Which of the following drugs is usually prescribed for prophylaxis in persons in close contact with a patient with active tuberculosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Streptomycin 
B)  Isoniazid 
C)  Rifampin 
D)  streptomycin 
A)  Streptomycin 
B)  Isoniazid 
C)  Rifampin 
D)  streptomycin

Question 14

Which of the following is a manifestation of a simple closed pneumothorax?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased respiratory rate 
B)  Tracheal deviation toward the unaffected lung 
C)  Asymmetrical chest movements 
D)  Increased breath sounds on the affected side 
A)  Decreased respiratory rate 
B)  Tracheal deviation toward the unaffected lung 
C)  Asymmetrical chest movements 
D)  Increased breath sounds on the affected side

Question 15

SARS typically begins as a flulike syndrome followed, after a few days, by:

Accepted Answer

A)  increased exudates in the bronchial tree and pleural cavity. 
B)  productive cough and lobar consolidation. 
C)  interstitial lung congestion, dyspnea, and dry cough. 
D)  hemoptysis and necrosis of mucous membrane. 
A)  increased exudates in the bronchial tree and pleural cavity. 
B)  productive cough and lobar consolidation. 
C)  interstitial lung congestion, dyspnea, and dry cough. 
D)  hemoptysis and necrosis of mucous membrane.

Question 16

Laryngotracheobronchitis is typically manifested by:

Accepted Answer

A)  drooling and difficulty swallowing. 
B)  hoarse voice and barking cough. 
C)  sore and scratchy throat with fever. 
D)  wheezing and dyspnea. 
A)  drooling and difficulty swallowing. 
B)  hoarse voice and barking cough. 
C)  sore and scratchy throat with fever. 
D)  wheezing and dyspnea.

Question 17

Areas in the United States that show higher rates than the national rate of TB are areas that have a high incidence of:

Accepted Answer

A)  HIV and homelessness. 
B)  obesity and tobacco use. 
C)  elderly persons and radon. 
D)  steroid use and alcoholism. 
A)  HIV and homelessness. 
B)  obesity and tobacco use. 
C)  elderly persons and radon. 
D)  steroid use and alcoholism.

Question 18

Histoplasmosis is caused by a:

Accepted Answer

A)  fungus. 
B)  virus. 
C)  bacillus. 
D)  protozoa. 
A)  fungus. 
B)  virus. 
C)  bacillus. 
D)  protozoa.

Question 19

Which of the following confirms the presence of active (reinfection) tuberculosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  A positive skin test for TB 
B)  A calcified tubercle shown on a chest X-ray 
C)  Identification of acid-fast bacilli in a sputum sample 
D)  A history of exposure to individuals being treated for TB 
A)  A positive skin test for TB 
B)  A calcified tubercle shown on a chest X-ray 
C)  Identification of acid-fast bacilli in a sputum sample 
D)  A history of exposure to individuals being treated for TB

Question 20

With a tension pneumothorax, which factors contribute to severe hypoxia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreasing compression of the inferior vena cava 
B)  More air leaving the pleural cavity on expiration than entering with inspiration 
C)  Shift of the mediastinal contents toward the affected lung 
D)  Continually increasing pressure on the unaffected lung 
A)  Decreasing compression of the inferior vena cava 
B)  More air leaving the pleural cavity on expiration than entering with inspiration 
C)  Shift of the mediastinal contents toward the affected lung 
D)  Continually increasing pressure on the unaffected lung

Exam 13: Respiratory System Disorders

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is caused by a/an:

The central chemoreceptors in the medulla are normally most sensitive to:

Which of the following is typical of chronic bronchitis?

The mutated gene for cystic fibrosis is located on the:

Signs and symptoms of acute sinusitis usually include:

How does a large pleural effusion lead to atelectasis?

What is the cause of chronic bronchitis?

Why does cor pulmonale develop with chronic pulmonary disease?

What are typical signs and symptoms of epiglottitis?

During an acute asthma attack, how does respiratory obstruction occur? 1) Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle 2) Edema of the mucosa 3) Increased secretion of thick, tenacious mucus 4) Contraction of elastic fibers

With a flail chest injury, events during inspiration include which of the following?

All of the following are expected with infant respiratory distress syndrome EXCEPT:

Which of the following drugs is usually prescribed for prophylaxis in persons in close contact with a patient with active tuberculosis?

Which of the following is a manifestation of a simple closed pneumothorax?

SARS typically begins as a flulike syndrome followed, after a few days, by:

Laryngotracheobronchitis is typically manifested by:

Areas in the United States that show higher rates than the national rate of TB are areas that have a high incidence of:

Histoplasmosis is caused by a:

Which of the following confirms the presence of active (reinfection) tuberculosis?

With a tension pneumothorax, which factors contribute to severe hypoxia?

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances

Introduction to Basic Pharmacology and Other Common Therapies

Pain

Inflammation and Healing

Infection

Immunity

Skin Disorders

Musculoskeletal Disorders

Blood and Circulatory System Disorders

Lymphatic System Disorders

Cardiovascular System Disorders

Neurological Disorders

Disorders of the Eye, Ear, and Other Sensory Organs

Endocrine System Disorders

Digestive System Disorders

Urinary System Disorders

Reproductive System Disorders

Neoplasms and Cancer

Congenital and Genetic Disorders

Complications due to Pregnancy

Complications due to Adolescence

Complications due to Aging

Immobility and Associated Problems

Stress and Associated Problems

Substance Abuse and Associated Problems

Environmental Hazards and Associated Problems

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