Question 1

What are the symptoms and causes of Cushing's disease? How do they compare and contrast with symptoms and causes of Addison's disease?

Accepted Answer

Cushing's disease is hypercortisolism, w

Question 2

Which of the following transporters are known to transport thyroid hormones into target cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  CaSR (calcium sensing receptor) 
B)  TRPV6 
C)  Sodium-iodide symporter 
D)  MCT8 
E)  Mineralocorticoid receptor 
A)  CaSR (calcium sensing receptor) 
B)  TRPV6 
C)  Sodium-iodide symporter 
D)  MCT8 
E)  Mineralocorticoid receptor

Question 3

Transcellular transport of intestinal calcium is accomplished by entry into the epithelial enterocytes via

Accepted Answer

A)  a sodium-iodide transporter. 
B)  osteoclasts. 
C)  apical calcium channels (TRPV6 = ECa
C) . 
D)  CaSR (calcium sensing receptor). 
E)  an amino acid transporter (MCT8). 
A)  a sodium-iodide transporter. 
B)  osteoclasts. 
C)  apical calcium channels (TRPV6 = ECa
C) . 
D)  CaSR (calcium sensing receptor). 
E)  an amino acid transporter (MCT8).

Question 4

Match the disease with the description.
-hyperthyroidism

Accepted Answer

A) Addison's disease 
B) Cushing's disease 
C) Graves' disease 
D) Paget's disease 
A) Addison's disease 
B) Cushing's disease 
C) Graves' disease 
D) Paget's disease

Question 5

The C cells of the thyroid gland produce

Accepted Answer

A)  only thyroxine. 
B)  only TSH. 
C)  only calcitonin. 
D)  only parathyroid hormone. 
E)  thryoxine and TSH. 
A)  only thyroxine. 
B)  only TSH. 
C)  only calcitonin. 
D)  only parathyroid hormone. 
E)  thryoxine and TSH.

Question 6

Melanocortins includes one or more of the following.

Accepted Answer

A)  ACTH 
B)  cortisol 
C)  growth hormone 
D)  MSH 
E)  ACTH and MSH 
A)  ACTH 
B)  cortisol 
C)  growth hormone 
D)  MSH 
E)  ACTH and MSH

Question 7

Cholesterol is a precursor for the synthesis of

Accepted Answer

A)  progesterone. 
B)  aldosterone. 
C)  estradiol. 
D)  calcitonin. 
E)  progesterone, aldosterone, and estradiol. 
A)  progesterone. 
B)  aldosterone. 
C)  estradiol. 
D)  calcitonin. 
E)  progesterone, aldosterone, and estradiol.

Question 8

Match the disease with the description.
-Calcitonin may be an appropriate treatment.

Accepted Answer

A) Addison's disease 
B) Cushing's disease 
C) Graves' disease 
D) Paget's disease 
A) Addison's disease 
B) Cushing's disease 
C) Graves' disease 
D) Paget's disease

Question 9

List and explain the effects of cortisol.

Accepted Answer

Effects include promoting gluc

Question 10

A rise in cortisol would cause each of the following except one.Identify the exception.

Accepted Answer

A)  enhanced rate of glucose synthesis by the liver 
B)  increased rate of glycogen usage by the liver 
C)  higher levels of fatty acids in the blood 
D)  suppression of the immune system 
E)  increased ACTH levels 
A)  enhanced rate of glucose synthesis by the liver 
B)  increased rate of glycogen usage by the liver 
C)  higher levels of fatty acids in the blood 
D)  suppression of the immune system 
E)  increased ACTH levels

Question 11

Explain how cortisol suppresses the immune system, and why this is sometimes a useful therapy.What are some negative side effects of cortisol therapy? Why do doctors prescribe cortisol in doses that taper off at the end of the therapy period? Why do doctors sometimes prefer to prescribe nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs?

Accepted Answer

Cortisol prevents cytokine release and a

Question 12

Draw a map of steroid hormone synthesis.

Accepted Answer

See Figure

Question 13

Match the condition with the description.
-This condition results from excess androgens in females.

Accepted Answer

A) acromegaly 
B) adrenogenital syndrome 
C) cretinism 
D) dwarfism 
E) exophthalmus 
A) acromegaly 
B) adrenogenital syndrome 
C) cretinism 
D) dwarfism 
E) exophthalmus

Question 14

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal pathway begins with secretion of ________ into the ________ and transported to the ________.

Accepted Answer

corticotropin-releas

Question 15

The adrenal medulla produces

Accepted Answer

A)  androgens. 
B)  glucocorticoids. 
C)  mineralocorticoids. 
D)  catecholamines. 
E)  corticosteroids. 
A)  androgens. 
B)  glucocorticoids. 
C)  mineralocorticoids. 
D)  catecholamines. 
E)  corticosteroids.

Question 16

Match the disease with the description.
-involves endocrine stimulation by antibodies

Accepted Answer

A) Addison's disease 
B) Cushing's disease 
C) Graves' disease 
D) Paget's disease 
A) Addison's disease 
B) Cushing's disease 
C) Graves' disease 
D) Paget's disease

Question 17

The endocrine gland that is a modified sympathetic ganglion is the

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroid. 
B)  anterior pituitary. 
C)  posterior pituitary. 
D)  adrenal cortex. 
E)  adrenal medulla. 
A)  thyroid. 
B)  anterior pituitary. 
C)  posterior pituitary. 
D)  adrenal cortex. 
E)  adrenal medulla.

Question 18

Match the condition with the description.
-caused by growth hormone deficiency in childhood

Accepted Answer

A) acromegaly 
B) adrenogenital syndrome 
C) cretinism 
D) dwarfism 
E) exophthalmus 
A) acromegaly 
B) adrenogenital syndrome 
C) cretinism 
D) dwarfism 
E) exophthalmus

Question 19

Precocious puberty in girls can result from hypersecretion of nongonadal steroids.In such girls, there is early breast development, onset of menses, and ovulation of viable eggs.This can occur by age 7 or even earlier.Which hormone(s)and nongonadal endocrine gland(s)may be responsible? Can the responsible gland(s)be safely removed? Explain.How might this condition be treated without surgery? What permanent nonsexual consequences may result from not treating this condition?

Accepted Answer

Adrenal sex hormones include estrogens.H

Question 20

The approach to treating patients who secrete abnormal amounts of hormone sometimes depends upon the age of the patient.List the hormones of growth and metabolism for which this statement is True, and explain in each case how and why the approach would differ for a prepubertal patient compared to a postpubertal patient.

Accepted Answer

Thyroid hormone and growth hormone are t

Exam 23: Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

What are the symptoms and causes of Cushing's disease? How do they compare and contrast with symptoms and causes of Addison's disease?

Which of the following transporters are known to transport thyroid hormones into target cells?

Transcellular transport of intestinal calcium is accomplished by entry into the epithelial enterocytes via

Match the disease with the description. -hyperthyroidism

The C cells of the thyroid gland produce

Melanocortins includes one or more of the following.

Cholesterol is a precursor for the synthesis of

Match the disease with the description. -Calcitonin may be an appropriate treatment.

List and explain the effects of cortisol.

A rise in cortisol would cause each of the following except one.Identify the exception.

Draw a map of steroid hormone synthesis.

Match the condition with the description. -This condition results from excess androgens in females.

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal pathway begins with secretion of ________ into the ________ and transported to the ________.

The adrenal medulla produces

Match the disease with the description. -involves endocrine stimulation by antibodies

The endocrine gland that is a modified sympathetic ganglion is the

Match the condition with the description. -caused by growth hormone deficiency in childhood

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

Filters

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal pathway begins with secretion of into the and transported to the .