Question 1

Describe the physical protection afforded by the cerebrospinal fluid.

Accepted Answer

Because the brain floats on CSF there is

Question 2

An enhancement of the postsynaptic cell's response to a constant stimulus that lasts for a period of time from hours to weeks is called

Accepted Answer

A)  training. 
B)  consolidation. 
C)  long-term potentiation. 
D)  synchronicity. 
E)  synaptic plasticity. 
A)  training. 
B)  consolidation. 
C)  long-term potentiation. 
D)  synchronicity. 
E)  synaptic plasticity.

Question 3

Reflexive memories are stored in areas of the

Accepted Answer

A)  frontal lobe. 
B)  parietal lobe. 
C)  temporal lobe. 
D)  occipital lobe. 
E)  cerebellum. 
A)  frontal lobe. 
B)  parietal lobe. 
C)  temporal lobe. 
D)  occipital lobe. 
E)  cerebellum.

Question 4

Which statement regarding the hypothalamus is False?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypothalamic trophic factors control the release of anterior pituitary hormones. 
B)  It receives input from multiple sources. 
C)  It receives sensory fibers from the optic tract, ears, and spinal cord. 
D)  The hypothalamus contains various centers for behavioral drives such as hunger and thirst. 
A)  Hypothalamic trophic factors control the release of anterior pituitary hormones. 
B)  It receives input from multiple sources. 
C)  It receives sensory fibers from the optic tract, ears, and spinal cord. 
D)  The hypothalamus contains various centers for behavioral drives such as hunger and thirst.

Question 5

Match these functions with the correct brain area.
-network to coordinate arousal and sleep, but also involved in blood pressure regulation and pain modulation

Accepted Answer

A) medulla oblongata 
B) pons 
C) midbrain 
D) reticular formation 
A) medulla oblongata 
B) pons 
C) midbrain 
D) reticular formation

Question 6

The structure that connects the two cerebral hemispheres is the

Accepted Answer

A)  basal nuclei. 
B)  suprachiasmatic nucleus. 
C)  corpus callosum. 
D)  hippocampus. 
E)  gray "H." 
A)  basal nuclei. 
B)  suprachiasmatic nucleus. 
C)  corpus callosum. 
D)  hippocampus. 
E)  gray "H."

Question 7

Match these functions with the correct brain area.
-contains corticospinal tracts, the pyramids, and control centers for breathing, swallowing, and blood pressure

Accepted Answer

A) medulla oblongata 
B) pons 
C) midbrain 
D) reticular formation 
A) medulla oblongata 
B) pons 
C) midbrain 
D) reticular formation

Question 8

The inability to remember newly acquired information is called

Accepted Answer

A)  discombobulation. 
B)  anterograde amnesia. 
C)  short-term amnesia. 
D)  implicit amnesia. 
E)  retrograde amnesia. 
A)  discombobulation. 
B)  anterograde amnesia. 
C)  short-term amnesia. 
D)  implicit amnesia. 
E)  retrograde amnesia.

Question 9

Enhancement of the postsynaptic cell's response to a repeated stimulus is called

Accepted Answer

A)  training. 
B)  learning. 
C)  reflexation. 
D)  facilitation. 
E)  consolidation. 
A)  training. 
B)  learning. 
C)  reflexation. 
D)  facilitation. 
E)  consolidation.

Question 10

The internal clock of mammals appears to be located in the

Accepted Answer

A)  suprachiasmatic nucleus. 
B)  pituitary gland. 
C)  choroid plexus. 
D)  pons. 
E)  brain stem. 
A)  suprachiasmatic nucleus. 
B)  pituitary gland. 
C)  choroid plexus. 
D)  pons. 
E)  brain stem.

Question 11

Angela is a student who listens attentively in class and recopies and elaborates on her notes from several textbooks the minute she gets home from school.She studies with a group that explains concepts to each other, and they write on a big blackboard while they work.She makes flashcards out of the few vocabulary terms she has a hard time keeping straight, and goes through those between classes and in spare moments.What kind(s)of memory are being developed by Angela, and by which methods?

Accepted Answer

Recopying notes and asking questions abo

Question 12

If a diabetes mellitus patient continually has high blood glucose, what is likely to happen to the nervous system, and what are the possible outcomes?

Accepted Answer

With too much glucose present, the blood

Question 13

Parkinson's disease affects the cerebral basal ganglia, resulting in tremors in limbs, slowness in beginning and completing movements, and other abnormalities of muscle control.The specific population of neurons involved degenerates and thus fails to produce the neurotransmitter dopamine.An obvious treatment option to try is to administer dopamine, yet this is completely ineffective at alleviating the symptoms.Propose a reason why this treatment fails, and a related alternative to address the dopamine deficit.(Hint: Think about how the brain protects itself from chemicals in the blood.)

Accepted Answer

Dopamine administered to a Par

Question 14

For the structures listed below, choose one of the following:
-corticospinal tracts

Accepted Answer

A) structure is composed of gray matter 
B) structure is composed of white matter 
A) structure is composed of gray matter 
B) structure is composed of white matter

Question 15

In annelids, simple reflexes occurring within a segment (i.e., without brain input)are possible because of ________; in vertebrates these reflexes are called ________.

Accepted Answer

ganglia, s

Question 16

Which of these has a higher concentration in cerebrospinal fluid than in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  K⁺ 
B)  H⁺ 
C)  Ca²⁺ 
D)  ᴴᶜᴼ3⁻ 
E)  Na⁺ 
A)  K⁺ 
B)  H⁺ 
C)  Ca²⁺ 
D)  ᴴᶜᴼ3⁻ 
E)  Na⁺

Question 17

The brain area(s)that has/have a cortex is/are the

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebrum only. 
B)  cerebellum only. 
C)  medulla oblongata only. 
D)  cerebrum and cerebellum. 
E)  cerebrum and medulla oblongata. 
A)  cerebrum only. 
B)  cerebellum only. 
C)  medulla oblongata only. 
D)  cerebrum and cerebellum. 
E)  cerebrum and medulla oblongata.

Question 18

The blood-brain barrier protects the brain from harmful substances in the blood, but it also protects the brain from potentially therapeutic chemicals that may reduce the size of brain tumors by killing cancer cells, alleviate depression, and aid in patient recovery from stroke or spinal cord injury.Two methods are currently being rigorously researched to get these helpful chemicals past the blood-brain barrier.The two methods are termed "molecular Trojan Horse" and osmotic "blood-brain barrier disruption." Based on their names, hypothesize how these methods might allow chemicals to pass through the blood-brain barrier.

Accepted Answer

(Note to instructor: You may have to exp

Question 19

An important structure in both learning and memory is the

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebellum. 
B)  pons. 
C)  medulla. 
D)  hippocampus. 
E)  hypothalamus. 
A)  cerebellum. 
B)  pons. 
C)  medulla. 
D)  hippocampus. 
E)  hypothalamus.

Question 20

Describe the phases of a normal sleep cycle.

Accepted Answer

Sleep is composed of four different stag

Exam 9: The Central Nervous System

Describe the physical protection afforded by the cerebrospinal fluid.

An enhancement of the postsynaptic cell's response to a constant stimulus that lasts for a period of time from hours to weeks is called

Reflexive memories are stored in areas of the

Which statement regarding the hypothalamus is False?

Match these functions with the correct brain area. -network to coordinate arousal and sleep, but also involved in blood pressure regulation and pain modulation

The structure that connects the two cerebral hemispheres is the

Match these functions with the correct brain area. -contains corticospinal tracts, the pyramids, and control centers for breathing, swallowing, and blood pressure

The inability to remember newly acquired information is called

Enhancement of the postsynaptic cell's response to a repeated stimulus is called

The internal clock of mammals appears to be located in the

If a diabetes mellitus patient continually has high blood glucose, what is likely to happen to the nervous system, and what are the possible outcomes?

For the structures listed below, choose one of the following: -corticospinal tracts

In annelids, simple reflexes occurring within a segment (i.e., without brain input)are possible because of ________; in vertebrates these reflexes are called ________.

Which of these has a higher concentration in cerebrospinal fluid than in the blood?

The brain area(s)that has/have a cortex is/are the

An important structure in both learning and memory is the

Describe the phases of a normal sleep cycle.

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

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In annelids, simple reflexes occurring within a segment (i.e., without brain input)are possible because of ; in vertebrates these reflexes are called .