Exam 19: Cell Death and Cell Renewal

Provide three examples of adult human cells that are typically in G₀ but can proliferate when stimulated.

Genes for regulation and execution of programmed cell death, or _______, were originally discovered in C. elegans.

A hematopoietic stem cell may give rise to which of the following differentiated cells?

How do embryonic stem cells differ from adult stem cells?

Reproductive cloning of humans raises ethical concerns.

How can the toxic effect of high-level chemotherapy on the hematopoietic system be repaired?

The PI 3-kinase pathway is important in countering apoptosis in healthy cells and promotes cell survival. Which statement about the PI 3-kinase pathway is false?

Bax and Bak act by

The stem cells of skeletal muscle are called

An apoptosome is a complex containing multiple subunits of

The distinct series of changes that characterizes programmed cell death is called

Most differentiated cell types do not themselves proliferate, but they can be replaced by the proliferation of stem cells.

Mammalian cells are constantly dying, whether from apoptosis or from acute injury. What is the key difference between these two processes?

Effector caspases cleave

Cells that die as the result of acute injury undergo

In 2006, Takahashi and Yamanaka demonstrated that somatic cells can be reprogrammed or converted into induced pluripotent stem cells. Subsequent studies in _______ showed that these cells, like embryonic stem cells, are capable of differentiating into virtually all cells.

Mouse embryonic stem cells were first cultured from _______.

Which of the following events is not part of apoptosis?

What is the advantage of using skin grafts derived from the patient's own stem cells, as opposed to cells derived from a donor?

Intestinal stem cells may give rise to all of the following terminally differentiated cell types in the intestinal epithelium except _______ cells.