Question 1

A cline is a

Accepted Answer

A)  Great change of temperature with depth 
B)  Spatial change in population density 
C)  Gradual change in time of body temperature 
D)  Spatial change in gene frequency 
A)  Great change of temperature with depth 
B)  Spatial change in population density 
C)  Gradual change in time of body temperature 
D)  Spatial change in gene frequency

Question 2

An example of a renewable resource would be

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteria 
B)  Temperature 
C)  Petroleum hydrocarbons 
D)  Salinity 
A)  Bacteria 
B)  Temperature 
C)  Petroleum hydrocarbons 
D)  Salinity

Question 3

A foundation species

Accepted Answer

A)  Dominates the community at the beginning of succession 
B)  Comes to dominate the community at climax 
C)  Always physically supports all other species 
D)  Provides a structural feature crucial to the overall composition and structure of the community 
A)  Dominates the community at the beginning of succession 
B)  Comes to dominate the community at climax 
C)  Always physically supports all other species 
D)  Provides a structural feature crucial to the overall composition and structure of the community

Question 4

Substances used by organisms as poisons to deter predators are often known as

Accepted Answer

A)  Refuges 
B)  Secondary compounds 
C)  Fatty acids 
D)  Hormones 
A)  Refuges 
B)  Secondary compounds 
C)  Fatty acids 
D)  Hormones

Question 5

A metapopulation will likely increase in population size over time if

Accepted Answer

A)  The number of sinks steadily increases 
B)  Dispersal from subpopulation sites increases 
C)  Dispersal between sources increases 
D)  Dispersal shuts down 
A)  The number of sinks steadily increases 
B)  Dispersal from subpopulation sites increases 
C)  Dispersal between sources increases 
D)  Dispersal shuts down

Question 6

Which of the following hierarchies is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Species, genus, order, family, class, phylum 
B)  genus, species, family, class, order, phylum 
C)  Species, genus, order, phylum, class 
D)  Species, genus, family, order, class, phylum 
A)  Species, genus, order, family, class, phylum 
B)  genus, species, family, class, order, phylum 
C)  Species, genus, order, phylum, class 
D)  Species, genus, family, order, class, phylum

Question 7

A group of species exploiting a similar type of resource is known as a

Accepted Answer

A)  Successional series 
B)  Guild 
C)  Trait-mediated indirect interaction 
D)  None of the above 
A)  Successional series 
B)  Guild 
C)  Trait-mediated indirect interaction 
D)  None of the above

Question 8

Prey animals have inducible defenses

Accepted Answer

A)  Because they can get rid of the defenses once the predator goes away 
B)  Because they can instantaneously produce the defense 
C)  Because there may be a cost to making the defense, so the defense is best unused unless a predator is present 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Because they can get rid of the defenses once the predator goes away 
B)  Because they can instantaneously produce the defense 
C)  Because there may be a cost to making the defense, so the defense is best unused unless a predator is present 
D)  All of the above

Question 9

Predation and disturbance both have the following similar effects on community structure

Accepted Answer

A)  They both inevitably increase the number of coexisting species 
B)  At high disturbance and predation intensity, the number of species increases 
C)  At modest disturbance and predation intensity, the number of predatory species increases 
D)  At modest disturbance and predation intensity, the number of competing prey species increases 
A)  They both inevitably increase the number of coexisting species 
B)  At high disturbance and predation intensity, the number of species increases 
C)  At modest disturbance and predation intensity, the number of predatory species increases 
D)  At modest disturbance and predation intensity, the number of competing prey species increases

Question 10

Which is the correct order of categories by inclusiveness?

Accepted Answer

A)  Population, ecosystem, community, individual 
B)  Individual, ecosystem, population, community 
C)  Individual, population, community, ecosystem 
D)  None of the above 
A)  Population, ecosystem, community, individual 
B)  Individual, ecosystem, population, community 
C)  Individual, population, community, ecosystem 
D)  None of the above

Question 11

A uniform spatial distribution is usually a reflection of

Accepted Answer

A)  Exploitation of the same food 
B)  Uniform probability of being in a given place 
C)  Territoriality 
D)  Mutualism 
A)  Exploitation of the same food 
B)  Uniform probability of being in a given place 
C)  Territoriality 
D)  Mutualism

Question 12

The following best describes a commensal interaction

Accepted Answer

A)  ++ 
B)  00 
C)  - 
D)  +0 
A)  ++ 
B)  00 
C)  - 
D)  +0

Question 13

A series of populations that are interconnected, with some receiving individuals dispersing from others, is known as a

Accepted Answer

A)  Source population 
B)  Island group population 
C)  Metapopulation 
D)  Interdispersing population 
A)  Source population 
B)  Island group population 
C)  Metapopulation 
D)  Interdispersing population

A cline is a

An example of a renewable resource would be

A foundation species

Substances used by organisms as poisons to deter predators are often known as

A metapopulation will likely increase in population size over time if

Which of the following hierarchies is correct?

A group of species exploiting a similar type of resource is known as a

Prey animals have inducible defenses

Predation and disturbance both have the following similar effects on community structure

Which is the correct order of categories by inclusiveness?

A uniform spatial distribution is usually a reflection of

The following best describes a commensal interaction

A series of populations that are interconnected, with some receiving individuals dispersing from others, is known as a

Sounding the Deep

The Oceanic Environment

Climate Oscillations and Climate Change

The Chemical and Physical Environment

Life in a Fluid Medium

Reproduction, Dispersal, and Migration

Plankton

Marine Vertebrates and Other Nekton

The Open Sea: Distributions and Adaptations

Processes in the Water Column

Productivity, Food Webs, and Global Climate Change

Benthic Microorganisms, Seaweeds, and Sea Grasses

The Diversity of Benthic Marine Invertebrates

Benthic Life Habits

The Tidelands: Rocky Shores, Soft-Substratum Shores, Marshes, Mangroves, Estuaries, and Oyster Reefs

The Shallow Coastal Subtidal: Sea Grass Beds, Rocky Reefs, Kelp Forests, and Coral Reefs

Benthos From the Continental Shelf to the Deep Sea

Polar Marine Biology

Biodiversity and Conservation of the Ocean

Fisheries and Food From the Sea

Environmental Impacts of Industrial Activities and Human Populations

Filters

Exam 4: Ecological and Evolutionary Principles of Marine Biology

A cline is a

An example of a renewable resource would be

A foundation species

Substances used by organisms as poisons to deter predators are often known as

A metapopulation will likely increase in population size over time if

Which of the following hierarchies is correct?

A group of species exploiting a similar type of resource is known as a

Prey animals have inducible defenses

Predation and disturbance both have the following similar effects on community structure

Which is the correct order of categories by inclusiveness?

A uniform spatial distribution is usually a reflection of

The following best describes a commensal interaction

A series of populations that are interconnected, with some receiving individuals dispersing from others, is known as a

Sounding the Deep

The Oceanic Environment

Climate Oscillations and Climate Change

The Chemical and Physical Environment

Life in a Fluid Medium

Reproduction, Dispersal, and Migration

Plankton

Marine Vertebrates and Other Nekton

The Open Sea: Distributions and Adaptations

Processes in the Water Column

Productivity, Food Webs, and Global Climate Change

Benthic Microorganisms, Seaweeds, and Sea Grasses

The Diversity of Benthic Marine Invertebrates

Benthic Life Habits

The Tidelands: Rocky Shores, Soft-Substratum Shores, Marshes, Mangroves, Estuaries, and Oyster Reefs

The Shallow Coastal Subtidal: Sea Grass Beds, Rocky Reefs, Kelp Forests, and Coral Reefs

Benthos From the Continental Shelf to the Deep Sea

Polar Marine Biology

Biodiversity and Conservation of the Ocean

Fisheries and Food From the Sea

Environmental Impacts of Industrial Activities and Human Populations

Filters