Question 1

With regard to diurnal vertical migration, nearly transparent gelatinous forms

Accepted Answer

A)  Pose problems for the energy hypothesis 
B)  Pose problems for the predation hypothesis 
C)  Can swim too slowly to account completely for their vertical ascent 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Pose problems for the energy hypothesis 
B)  Pose problems for the predation hypothesis 
C)  Can swim too slowly to account completely for their vertical ascent 
D)  All of the above B

Question 2

A phytoplankton patch can be maintained by

Accepted Answer

A)  Reducing turbulence 
B)  Reducing current velocity 
C)  Increasing phytoplankton growth 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Reducing turbulence 
B)  Reducing current velocity 
C)  Increasing phytoplankton growth 
D)  All of the above D

Question 3

Diurnal vertical migrations are a feature of

Accepted Answer

A)  All phytoplankton and zooplankton 
B)  All zooplankton 
C)  Nearly all zooplankton capable of swimming 
D)  All zooplankton, with the exception of copepods 
A)  All phytoplankton and zooplankton 
B)  All zooplankton 
C)  Nearly all zooplankton capable of swimming 
D)  All zooplankton, with the exception of copepods C

Question 4

Larger nekton are known to move great distances in the open sea because

Accepted Answer

A)  Optimal temperature is constantly shifting, and nekton seek the optimal temperature 
B)  Large nekton must swim to breathe 
C)  Nekton movements are controlled only by movements to breeding areas 
D)  Nekton follow shifting centers of productivity 
A)  Optimal temperature is constantly shifting, and nekton seek the optimal temperature 
B)  Large nekton must swim to breathe 
C)  Nekton movements are controlled only by movements to breeding areas 
D)  Nekton follow shifting centers of productivity

Question 5

Larger nekton have migration routes in the Pacific that are

Accepted Answer

A)  Essentially identical 
B)  Controlled by a single trans-Pacific route at the equator 
C)  Divided between two major routes mainly 
D)  Confined to moving along the shelf-slope break of the eastern or western Pacific 
A)  Essentially identical 
B)  Controlled by a single trans-Pacific route at the equator 
C)  Divided between two major routes mainly 
D)  Confined to moving along the shelf-slope break of the eastern or western Pacific

Question 6

Which of the following explanations of diurnal vertical migrations cannot be excluded by available data?

Accepted Answer

A)  Predation is stronger near the surface during daylight 
B)  The zooplankton are seeking a certain temperature, which varies between day and night 
C)  Strong light is harmful 
D)  Zooplankton are responding directly and only to diurnal changes in ambient light 
A)  Predation is stronger near the surface during daylight 
B)  The zooplankton are seeking a certain temperature, which varies between day and night 
C)  Strong light is harmful 
D)  Zooplankton are responding directly and only to diurnal changes in ambient light

Question 7

Bioluminescence can be used for

Accepted Answer

A)  Counter illumination 
B)  Lures 
C)  Deceptive signals 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Counter illumination 
B)  Lures 
C)  Deceptive signals 
D)  All of the above

Question 8

Many anglerfish

Accepted Answer

A)  Have brightly colored stalks to attract prey 
B)  Have a capsule filled with bioluminescent bacteria to attract prey 
C)  Have very reduced mouths to consume the very small prey they tend to attack 
D)  Are suspension feeders 
A)  Have brightly colored stalks to attract prey 
B)  Have a capsule filled with bioluminescent bacteria to attract prey 
C)  Have very reduced mouths to consume the very small prey they tend to attack 
D)  Are suspension feeders

Question 9

Gas secretion by some nekton is used

Accepted Answer

A)  To allow an organism to rise rapidly to the surface 
B)  To allow an organism to adjust osmotic strength to adapt to changing salinity 
C)  To prevent rapid motion 
D)  To allow for neutral buoyancy 
A)  To allow an organism to rise rapidly to the surface 
B)  To allow an organism to adjust osmotic strength to adapt to changing salinity 
C)  To prevent rapid motion 
D)  To allow for neutral buoyancy

Question 10

Most smaller organic particles in the ocean

Accepted Answer

A)  Are denser than seawater and sink steadily but slowly 
B)  Are less dense than seawater and rise to the surface slick 
C)  Usually sink rapidly to the deep sea floor 
D)  Immediately decompose in the surface waters 
A)  Are denser than seawater and sink steadily but slowly 
B)  Are less dense than seawater and rise to the surface slick 
C)  Usually sink rapidly to the deep sea floor 
D)  Immediately decompose in the surface waters

Question 11

Midwater fish

Accepted Answer

A)  Often have bioluminescent organs on the ventral surface 
B)  Usually have light color on the dorsal surface 
C)  Can become completely invisible by spreading black cellular structures all over the body surface 
D)  Are usually very conspicuous and are very vulnerable to attacks from below 
A)  Often have bioluminescent organs on the ventral surface 
B)  Usually have light color on the dorsal surface 
C)  Can become completely invisible by spreading black cellular structures all over the body surface 
D)  Are usually very conspicuous and are very vulnerable to attacks from below

With regard to diurnal vertical migration, nearly transparent gelatinous forms

A phytoplankton patch can be maintained by

Diurnal vertical migrations are a feature of

Larger nekton are known to move great distances in the open sea because

Larger nekton have migration routes in the Pacific that are

Which of the following explanations of diurnal vertical migrations cannot be excluded by available data?

Bioluminescence can be used for

Many anglerfish

Gas secretion by some nekton is used

Most smaller organic particles in the ocean

Midwater fish

Sounding the Deep

The Oceanic Environment

Climate Oscillations and Climate Change

Ecological and Evolutionary Principles of Marine Biology

The Chemical and Physical Environment

Life in a Fluid Medium

Reproduction, Dispersal, and Migration

Plankton

Marine Vertebrates and Other Nekton

Processes in the Water Column

Productivity, Food Webs, and Global Climate Change

Benthic Microorganisms, Seaweeds, and Sea Grasses

The Diversity of Benthic Marine Invertebrates

Benthic Life Habits

The Tidelands: Rocky Shores, Soft-Substratum Shores, Marshes, Mangroves, Estuaries, and Oyster Reefs

The Shallow Coastal Subtidal: Sea Grass Beds, Rocky Reefs, Kelp Forests, and Coral Reefs

Benthos From the Continental Shelf to the Deep Sea

Polar Marine Biology

Biodiversity and Conservation of the Ocean

Fisheries and Food From the Sea

Environmental Impacts of Industrial Activities and Human Populations

Filters

Exam 10: The Open Sea: Distributions and Adaptations

With regard to diurnal vertical migration, nearly transparent gelatinous forms

A phytoplankton patch can be maintained by

Diurnal vertical migrations are a feature of

Larger nekton are known to move great distances in the open sea because

Larger nekton have migration routes in the Pacific that are

Which of the following explanations of diurnal vertical migrations cannot be excluded by available data?

Bioluminescence can be used for

Many anglerfish

Gas secretion by some nekton is used

Most smaller organic particles in the ocean

Midwater fish

Sounding the Deep

The Oceanic Environment

Climate Oscillations and Climate Change

Ecological and Evolutionary Principles of Marine Biology

The Chemical and Physical Environment

Life in a Fluid Medium

Reproduction, Dispersal, and Migration

Plankton

Marine Vertebrates and Other Nekton

Processes in the Water Column

Productivity, Food Webs, and Global Climate Change

Benthic Microorganisms, Seaweeds, and Sea Grasses

The Diversity of Benthic Marine Invertebrates

Benthic Life Habits

The Tidelands: Rocky Shores, Soft-Substratum Shores, Marshes, Mangroves, Estuaries, and Oyster Reefs

The Shallow Coastal Subtidal: Sea Grass Beds, Rocky Reefs, Kelp Forests, and Coral Reefs

Benthos From the Continental Shelf to the Deep Sea

Polar Marine Biology

Biodiversity and Conservation of the Ocean

Fisheries and Food From the Sea

Environmental Impacts of Industrial Activities and Human Populations

Filters