Question 1

In the light-dark bottle method, the dark bottle measures

Accepted Answer

A)  The dark cycle of photosynthesis 
B)  Net photosynthesis 
C)  Respiration 
D)  Dissolved carbon excretion 
A)  The dark cycle of photosynthesis 
B)  Net photosynthesis 
C)  Respiration 
D)  Dissolved carbon excretion C

Question 2

Food chain efficiency

Accepted Answer

A)  Is always greater, the higher you go in the food chain 
B)  Is an important determinant of the potential fish production in the sea 
C)  Is usually greater than 50 percent 
D)  None of the above 
A)  Is always greater, the higher you go in the food chain 
B)  Is an important determinant of the potential fish production in the sea 
C)  Is usually greater than 50 percent 
D)  None of the above B

Question 3

Marine snow derives from

Accepted Answer

A)  Interactions of TEP with dead phytoplankton cells 
B)  Decaying gelatinous zooplankton 
C)  Sinking plankton 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Interactions of TEP with dead phytoplankton cells 
B)  Decaying gelatinous zooplankton 
C)  Sinking plankton 
D)  All of the above D

Question 4

Dissolved oxygen is usually measured chemically by

Accepted Answer

A)  The polarographic method 
B)  Radiometric techniques 
C)  The Calvin method 
D)  The Winkler method 
A)  The polarographic method 
B)  Radiometric techniques 
C)  The Calvin method 
D)  The Winkler method

Question 5

With advancing global warming one expects

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased stratification in the open sea 
B)  More upwelling 
C)  Increased stratification 
D)  Decreased storm activity 
A)  Decreased stratification in the open sea 
B)  More upwelling 
C)  Increased stratification 
D)  Decreased storm activity

Question 6

Upwelling

Accepted Answer

A)  Occurs only near the shores of continents 
B)  Originates from waters of 100-200 m or less 
C)  Originates from waters of 1,000 m or less 
D)  Is constant in given areas, with no reversals 
A)  Occurs only near the shores of continents 
B)  Originates from waters of 100-200 m or less 
C)  Originates from waters of 1,000 m or less 
D)  Is constant in given areas, with no reversals

Question 7

Carbon dioxide can be stored in deeper oceanic waters because

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbon dioxide is more soluble in colder water 
B)  In most of the ocean, water sinks, bringing carbon dioxide to great depths 
C)  There are fewer primary producers, which reduces uptake 
D)  There are no possible interactions with bacteria at depth 
A)  Carbon dioxide is more soluble in colder water 
B)  In most of the ocean, water sinks, bringing carbon dioxide to great depths 
C)  There are fewer primary producers, which reduces uptake 
D)  There are no possible interactions with bacteria at depth

Question 8

If the food chain efficiency is 10 percent and we add one trophic level, then

Accepted Answer

A)  Production of the top trophic level will decrease 10 percent 
B)  Primary production will increase 10 percent 
C)  Production of the top trophic level will decrease by a factor of 10 
D)  Production of the top trophic level will increase by a factor of 10 
A)  Production of the top trophic level will decrease 10 percent 
B)  Primary production will increase 10 percent 
C)  Production of the top trophic level will decrease by a factor of 10 
D)  Production of the top trophic level will increase by a factor of 10

Question 9

The radiocarbon method

Accepted Answer

A)  Seriously overestimates photosynthesis 
B)  Gives lower estimates of photosynthesis than the oxygen method 
C)  Cannot be done in the same environment as the oxygen method 
D)  Can be used to estimate photosynthesis, but only in the dark 
A)  Seriously overestimates photosynthesis 
B)  Gives lower estimates of photosynthesis than the oxygen method 
C)  Cannot be done in the same environment as the oxygen method 
D)  Can be used to estimate photosynthesis, but only in the dark

Question 10

When considering open ocean plankton, an increase in carbon dioxide

Accepted Answer

A)  Will affect diatoms the most 
B)  Will first affect plankton secreting aragonite 
C)  Will first affect plankton secreting calcite 
D)  Will have little effect at higher latitudes 
A)  Will affect diatoms the most 
B)  Will first affect plankton secreting aragonite 
C)  Will first affect plankton secreting calcite 
D)  Will have little effect at higher latitudes

Question 11

Increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

Accepted Answer

A)  Will result in a reduction of pH in ocean waters 
B)  Will result in releases of carbon dioxide from surface ocean waters 
C)  Will result in natural precipitation of nonorganic calcium carbonate in the surface waters 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Will result in a reduction of pH in ocean waters 
B)  Will result in releases of carbon dioxide from surface ocean waters 
C)  Will result in natural precipitation of nonorganic calcium carbonate in the surface waters 
D)  All of the above

Question 12

In measures of primary production, respiration

Accepted Answer

A)  Is explained only by animal activity 
B)  Is about 50 percent of photosynthesis 
C)  Is about 10 percent of photosynthesis 
D)  Is nil 
A)  Is explained only by animal activity 
B)  Is about 50 percent of photosynthesis 
C)  Is about 10 percent of photosynthesis 
D)  Is nil

Question 13

Primary production in the sea

Accepted Answer

A)  Is lowest in estuaries 
B)  Is seasonal only in midlatitudes 
C)  Is lowest in tropical gyre surface waters 
D)  Is lowest in fronts off of the shelf-slope break 
A)  Is lowest in estuaries 
B)  Is seasonal only in midlatitudes 
C)  Is lowest in tropical gyre surface waters 
D)  Is lowest in fronts off of the shelf-slope break

Question 14

Primary productivity

Accepted Answer

A)  Is always greater than secondary productivity 
B)  Is always less than secondary productivity 
C)  Is always completely consumed by higher trophic levels 
D)  Is all that is needed to calculate secondary productivity 
A)  Is always greater than secondary productivity 
B)  Is always less than secondary productivity 
C)  Is always completely consumed by higher trophic levels 
D)  Is all that is needed to calculate secondary productivity

Question 15

Current satellite-based estimates of primary production

Accepted Answer

A)  Do not require ground-based validation 
B)  Are hampered by a lack of a detector in the proper wave length range 
C)  Apply only to measures in the Pacific, where cloud cover is minimal 
D)  Must be calibrated by surface validation in local areas of the ocean 
A)  Do not require ground-based validation 
B)  Are hampered by a lack of a detector in the proper wave length range 
C)  Apply only to measures in the Pacific, where cloud cover is minimal 
D)  Must be calibrated by surface validation in local areas of the ocean

Question 16

The largest number of trophic levels

Accepted Answer

A)  Are usually found in upwelling systems 
B)  Are usually found in the tropical open sea 
C)  Are usually found in the plankton of estuaries 
D)  Is theoretically 3 
A)  Are usually found in upwelling systems 
B)  Are usually found in the tropical open sea 
C)  Are usually found in the plankton of estuaries 
D)  Is theoretically 3

In the light-dark bottle method, the dark bottle measures

Food chain efficiency

Marine snow derives from

Dissolved oxygen is usually measured chemically by

With advancing global warming one expects

Upwelling

Carbon dioxide can be stored in deeper oceanic waters because

If the food chain efficiency is 10 percent and we add one trophic level, then

The radiocarbon method

When considering open ocean plankton, an increase in carbon dioxide

Increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

In measures of primary production, respiration

Primary production in the sea

Primary productivity

Current satellite-based estimates of primary production

The largest number of trophic levels

Sounding the Deep

The Oceanic Environment

Climate Oscillations and Climate Change

Ecological and Evolutionary Principles of Marine Biology

The Chemical and Physical Environment

Life in a Fluid Medium

Reproduction, Dispersal, and Migration

Plankton

Marine Vertebrates and Other Nekton

The Open Sea: Distributions and Adaptations

Processes in the Water Column

Benthic Microorganisms, Seaweeds, and Sea Grasses

The Diversity of Benthic Marine Invertebrates

Benthic Life Habits

The Tidelands: Rocky Shores, Soft-Substratum Shores, Marshes, Mangroves, Estuaries, and Oyster Reefs

The Shallow Coastal Subtidal: Sea Grass Beds, Rocky Reefs, Kelp Forests, and Coral Reefs

Benthos From the Continental Shelf to the Deep Sea

Polar Marine Biology

Biodiversity and Conservation of the Ocean

Fisheries and Food From the Sea

Environmental Impacts of Industrial Activities and Human Populations

Filters

Exam 12: Productivity, Food Webs, and Global Climate Change

In the light-dark bottle method, the dark bottle measures

Food chain efficiency

Marine snow derives from

Dissolved oxygen is usually measured chemically by

With advancing global warming one expects

Upwelling

Carbon dioxide can be stored in deeper oceanic waters because

If the food chain efficiency is 10 percent and we add one trophic level, then

The radiocarbon method

When considering open ocean plankton, an increase in carbon dioxide

Increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

In measures of primary production, respiration

Primary production in the sea

Primary productivity

Current satellite-based estimates of primary production

The largest number of trophic levels

Sounding the Deep

The Oceanic Environment

Climate Oscillations and Climate Change

Ecological and Evolutionary Principles of Marine Biology

The Chemical and Physical Environment

Life in a Fluid Medium

Reproduction, Dispersal, and Migration

Plankton

Marine Vertebrates and Other Nekton

The Open Sea: Distributions and Adaptations

Processes in the Water Column

Benthic Microorganisms, Seaweeds, and Sea Grasses

The Diversity of Benthic Marine Invertebrates

Benthic Life Habits

The Tidelands: Rocky Shores, Soft-Substratum Shores, Marshes, Mangroves, Estuaries, and Oyster Reefs

The Shallow Coastal Subtidal: Sea Grass Beds, Rocky Reefs, Kelp Forests, and Coral Reefs

Benthos From the Continental Shelf to the Deep Sea

Polar Marine Biology

Biodiversity and Conservation of the Ocean

Fisheries and Food From the Sea

Environmental Impacts of Industrial Activities and Human Populations

Filters