Exam 13: Parasitism

The interactions between the American chestnut and the parasitic fungus Cryphonectria parasitica best exemplify the principle that

Which parasite alters the behavior of rats, such that they will seek out cats (which will likely capture and kill them)?

Which statement about parasite natural history is false?

Which organism is an example of a hemiparasite?

The studies by Dybdahl and Lively on snails and their parasites demonstrated that

Refer to the figure. Which aphid genotype with the symbiont present had a survival percentage closest to 35?

A bacterium that lives inside an aphid is always classified as a(n)

Evolution in a parasite from ectoparasitism to endoparasitism would most likely be caused by a(n) _______ in the number or intensity of natural enemies of the _______.

In the simple host-pathogen model, which term describes the rate at which a susceptible individual encounters an infected individual?

Which of the following is most likely to prevent or stop an arms race between host and parasite?

Tapeworms have a _______, which they use to attach themselves to the insides of the host's intestine.

The fungal parasite Cryphonectria parasitica is responsible for driving its host, the _______, to near extinction in North America.

Suppose that the relative proportion of susceptible and infected individuals in a population remains the same, but the density of the overall population doubles. According to the SI model, disease transmission should

According to the basic host-pathogen model, if the combined death and recovery rate from a disease doubles, and the effectiveness of the disease to spread from infected to uninfected individuals remains the same, the threshold density should

Refer to the figure. A person living at 20^oN, 90^oW would

Mosquitoes infected with Plasmodium carry cells of the _______ stage of the parasite. When an infected mosquito bites a human, these cells enter the _______, where they divide into _______ that then infect red blood cells.

In the simple host-pathogen model, which term describes the rate at which a disease is transmitted?

Refer to the figure. Figure 1 The figure shows data collected on a species of fish that lives on a coral reef. The fish were captured and studied three times-in 2000, 2005, and 2010. Four genotypes were found in an area of the coral reef (shown as A, B, C, and D). The figure shows: (1) the number of individuals of each genotype captured during each year, and (2) the percent of individuals infected with parasites captured during each year. -Answer the following questions: a) How does population size change over time for each of the four genotypes? b) How does the percent of infected individuals change over time for each of the four genotypes? c) Based on the percent of infected individuals of each genotype in each year, calculate the numbers of infected individuals. Create a new graph (this will be referred to as Figure 2) that reflects this data using the Figure 1 left, with each column reflecting a height that indicates the number of infected individuals. d) What is the average infection rate across all genotypes for each study year? Create another new graph (this will be referred to as Figure 3) that reflects this data using Figure 1 right. Use an asterisk (*) to indicate the average infection rate for each year. Next, calculate the average of the average infection rate and add this data to the graph as a horizontal dotted line

A new strain of the malaria parasite Plasmodium is discovered, which has evolved a better counterdefense to increase its survival. Which of the following is not a possible evolutionary advance for this new Plasmodium strain?

Nasonia vitripennis is a wasp roughly the size of a Drosophila fly. Adult females drill holes and lay eggs in the pupae of blowflies and related species. These eggs then hatch into larvae, which then eat the pupae. Thus, Nasonia vitripennis is a