Exam 18: Biogeography

Brazil is located in the _______ biogeographic region.

Refer to the table and figure. Table 1 Figure 1 You are investigating patterns of species richness on two different continents (Continent 1 and Continent 2) to determine how species richness patterns differ between them. For multiple study sites on each of the two continents, you sample the local species richness and compare it to the species richness of the broader region to which each site belongs. The data on species richness are shown in the table. Which process, regional or local, is the dominant driver of the species richness pattern on each continent? Explain your answers.

Which present-day continent was not part of Gondwana?

Refer to the table. Table 1 You are investigating patterns of species richness on two different continents (Continent 1 and Continent 2) to determine how species richness patterns differ between them. For multiple study sites on each of the two continents, you sample the local species richness and compare it to the species richness of the broader region to which each site belongs. The data on species richness are shown in the table. Using the data in Table 1, plot a graph of the relationship between local and regional species richness on the two continents (this will be referred to as Figure 1). Sketch a straight line that indicates the general pattern of the relationship. Add a line with a slope of 1 to the graph to indicate how the relationship between regional and local species diversity would look if regional and local species diversity were the same.

Refer to the table and the figure. Table 2 Figure 4 You are studying the long-term effects of plate movement for two land masses, land mass A and land mass B. Your goal is to understand how land mass movement has affected the species found on each land mass. Land mass B joined with land mass A 30 million years ago. Table 2 shows the number of individuals of each species (species A-F) found living on land mass B over time. Figure 4 shows these data plotted. - Use the data in Table 2 and Figure 4 to answer the following questions: a) Create a line graph of the species richness of land mass B over time (this will be referred to as Figure 6). The x-axis should be time in mya, ranging from 50-0 mya, and the y-axis should be species richness, ranging from 0-6. b) What was the overall effect of the joining of land masses A and B on the species richness of land mass B? c) Describe the similarities and differences in the patterns of change in species richness and composition through time.

In accordance with Wilson and MacArthur's theory of island biogeography, the following equations represent the immigration and extinction rates of species of beetles on a small island. (I = immigration rate of species per month; E = extinction rate of species per month; S = number of species currently on the island.) I = 9 ? 0.2S E = 0.3S - Based on these equations, what is the expected equilibrium species diversity on that island?

Refer to the figure. In the figure, assume that the top line has a slope of 1 and the middle line a slope of 0.7. Which of the three relationships shown illustrates a scenario in which local processes most strongly limit species richness in a community?

In the equilibrium model of island biogeography, once an "island" has reached equilibrium,

Which statement about New Zealand biogeography is true?

Refer to the figure. - The figure shows bird species richness for islands of different sizes that are close to New Guinea, far from New Guinea, or intermediate in distance from New Guinea. Based on this figure, which of the following statements is false?