Exam 18: Biogeography

In accordance with Wilson and MacArthur's theory of island biogeography, the following equations represent the extinction and immigration rates of species of spiders on a small island. (I = immigration rate of species per year; E = extinction rate of species per year; S = number of species currently on the island.) I = 3 ? 0.1S E = 0.2S - If there are five species on the island, the expected immigration rate is _______ species per year and the expected extinction rate is _______ species per year.

Refer to the table and figure. Table 2 Figure 4 You are studying the long-term effects of plate movement for two land masses, land mass A and land mass B. Your goal is to understand how land mass movement has affected the species found on each land mass. Land mass B joined with land mass A 30 million years ago. Table 2 shows the number of individuals of each species (species A-F) found living on land mass B over time. Figure 4 shows these data plotted. - Suppose land mass A has a land area five times greater than the area of land mass B. Based on the species-area relationship, do you expect that species richness will be higher or lower on land mass A compared to land mass B? Why?

The equilibrium theory of island biogeography was developed by

Refer to the figure. Which position would best represent the equilibrium point for species diversity on a large island far from the mainland?

Refer to the table. A grassland region can be divided into several different local communities. For six different groups of butterflies (A-F), biologists have sampled the regional species diversity and the average local species diversity. Their results are presented in the table. Which conclusion can be made based on these data alone?

According to the study by Jablonski and colleagues, the majority of extant marine bivalve taxa originated in the

Refer to the figure. In their classic test of the equilibrium theory of island biogeography, Simberloff & Wilson removed arthropods from a set of small mangrove islands, then tracked the recovery of the arthropod fauna on these islands through time. Which of the following can be inferred from the figure?

Refer to the figure. - The equilibrium point for species diversity on a large island near the mainland would be represented by which letter?

Which statement comparing island biogeography to mainland biogeography is true?

Which statement about species richness and composition is true?

Refer to the figure. Which of the following hypotheses for the global latitudinal gradient in species is not supported by the figure?

Where would you be most likely to find abundant small evergreen shrubs with sclerophyllous leaves?

Refer to the figure. The figure shows the relationship between size of habitat and the number of mammalian species. Based on the relationship between size and habitat, the area would have to increase approximately _______ times in order to support an additional five species.

Witman's studies of marine invertebrate communities demonstrated that in the systems studied

Refer to the table. The table shows the number of species of a group of mammals present in the tropics, the subtropics, and the temperate zone over the last fifty million years. -Which specific hypothesis is best supported by the data in the table?

Which group shows greater species richness in the temperate regions than in the tropics?

Suppose that a new river cuts through a land mass, separating populations of mice on either side. These mice then evolve into new species on the two sides of the land mass. This is an example of evolution by

In accordance with Wilson and MacArthur's theory of island biogeography, the following equations represent the extinction and immigration rates of species of spiders on a small island. (I = immigration rate of species per year; E = extinction rate of species per year; S = number of species currently on the island.) I = 3 ? 0.1S E = 0.2S - Based on these equations, what is the expected equilibrium species diversity on this island?

Refer to the figure. The data shown in the figure were log-transformed before plotting. How would this plot look different if the original untransformed data were plotted instead?

Which experimental manipulation was made on the island of Krakatau to test the equilibrium theory of island biogeography?