Question 1

Maron and Vila (2001) found that native herbivores

Accepted Answer

A)  can reduce the spread of non-native plants. 
B)  never exclude species from communities. 
C)  always co-exist with non-natives. 
D)  always completely exclude non-native species from communities. 
A)  can reduce the spread of non-native plants. 
B)  never exclude species from communities. 
C)  always co-exist with non-natives. 
D)  always completely exclude non-native species from communities.

Question 2

Refer to the figure.
  Which figure best describes the relationship between plant species richness and plant cover observed by Tilman in his grassland study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Figure A 
B)  Figure B 
C)  Figure C 
D)  Figure D 
A)  Figure A 
B)  Figure B 
C)  Figure C 
D)  Figure D

Question 3

Which of the following is not one of the conclusions of Suzàn and colleagues small mammal diversity case study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased species diversity increased the number of SNV-infected rodent individuals. 
B)  Decreased species diversity decreased the number of SNV-infected rodent individuals. 
C)  Increased species diversity decreased the number of SNV-infected rodent individuals. 
D)  Decreased species diversity decreased number of host species individuals. 
A)  Increased species diversity increased the number of SNV-infected rodent individuals. 
B)  Decreased species diversity decreased the number of SNV-infected rodent individuals. 
C)  Increased species diversity decreased the number of SNV-infected rodent individuals. 
D)  Decreased species diversity decreased number of host species individuals.

Question 4

Tilman's experiments of the resource ratio hypothesis with two species of diatoms showed that the species could coexist

Accepted Answer

A)  when the ratio of silica to phosphorus was very low. 
B)  when the ratio of silica to phosphorus was at an intermediate level. 
C)  when the ratio of silica to phosphorus was very high. 
D)  under all ratios of silica to phosphorus. 
A)  when the ratio of silica to phosphorus was very low. 
B)  when the ratio of silica to phosphorus was at an intermediate level. 
C)  when the ratio of silica to phosphorus was very high. 
D)  under all ratios of silica to phosphorus.

Question 5

Refer to the figure.
  Tilman and Downing studied the impact of plant species richness on drought resistance in prairie communities. What conclusion can you draw from their figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Communities with fewer species before the drought lost less biomass during it. 
B)  Communities with intermediate species before the drought lost less biomass during it. 
C)  Communities with more species before the drought lost less biomass during it. 
D)  The number of species within the community did not affect biomass during drought. 
A)  Communities with fewer species before the drought lost less biomass during it. 
B)  Communities with intermediate species before the drought lost less biomass during it. 
C)  Communities with more species before the drought lost less biomass during it. 
D)  The number of species within the community did not affect biomass during drought.

Question 6

According to the complementarity hypothesis, community function should _______ as species richness increases.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase linearly 
B)  increase at first and then level off 
C)  decrease linearly 
D)  remain constant 
A)  increase linearly 
B)  increase at first and then level off 
C)  decrease linearly 
D)  remain constant

Question 7

Refer to the figures.
Figure 1
   Figure 2
   You are evaluating three snail species to determine their overall threat as invasive species to an area. You bring several individuals of each species into your lab to test their tolerance of a range of abiotic and biotic factors. Figure 1 shows how the three snail species respond to differences in average temperature and Figure 2 shows the number of prey and parasite species for each of the species in the new areas, along with how competitive each potential invasive species will be in the new community (higher numbers indicate that the species will be a more successful competitor). 
-Assume that the average summer temperature in the new area is 26°C. Based solely on species-level tolerances of abiotic factors (Figure 1), which snail species poses the least threat as an invasive species, and why? How would you classify this species in terms of the range of abiotic conditions it tolerates as compared to the other species?

Accepted Answer

Species C poses the least risk as an inv

Question 8

Refer to the table.
  A research team is examining competitive outcomes between two species of diatoms, A and B. The team has manipulated levels of silica and phosphorus and examined whether species A won the competition, species B won the competition, or whether there was co-existence between the two species (C). The results are shown in the table. From these results the team concluded that

Accepted Answer

A)  species A always outcompeted species B at high phosphorus levels. 
B)  species A always outcompeted species B at low phosphorus levels. 
C)  species A always outcompeted species B at low silica levels. 
D)  species A always outcompeted species B when the ratio of silica to phosphorus was high. 
A)  species A always outcompeted species B at high phosphorus levels. 
B)  species A always outcompeted species B at low phosphorus levels. 
C)  species A always outcompeted species B at low silica levels. 
D)  species A always outcompeted species B when the ratio of silica to phosphorus was high.

Question 9

Refer to the figures.
  Which combination of figures is correctly paired to illustrate the relationship between species richness and community function, the ecological function of species, and the relative strength of ecological functions of species within the community?

Accepted Answer

A)  Figure A 
B)  Figure B 
C)  Figure C 
D)  Figure D 
A)  Figure A 
B)  Figure B 
C)  Figure C 
D)  Figure D

Question 10

How does climate change impact invasive species?

Accepted Answer

A)  It alters the environment they land in. 
B)  It changes the distribution of species. 
C)  It alters competitive interactions. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  It alters the environment they land in. 
B)  It changes the distribution of species. 
C)  It alters competitive interactions. 
D)  All of the above

Question 11

A weed that is ordinarily invasive is unable to establish itself in a meadow community because the roots of other plant species produce chemicals that retard its growth. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  resource partitioning. 
B)  resilience. 
C)  competitive displacement. 
D)  biotic resistance. 
A)  resource partitioning. 
B)  resilience. 
C)  competitive displacement. 
D)  biotic resistance.

Question 12

Consider two interacting beetle species in an environment which switches between one of two states: state 1, in which species 1 outcompetes species 2; and state 2, in which species 2 outcompetes species 1. The time spent in either state, as well as the degree to which one species outcompetes the other, is roughly the same. Thus, on average, species 1 and 2 are comparable in their competitive abilities. According to Hutchinson's model of coexistence, in which of the scenarios is competitive exclusion most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  When environments switch every four days on average and competitive exclusion usually takes five days 
B)  When environments switch every four days on average and competitive exclusion usually takes four weeks 
C)  When environments switch every four weeks on average and competitive exclusion usually takes five weeks 
D)  When environments switch every five weeks on average and competitive exclusion usually takes four weeks 
A)  When environments switch every four days on average and competitive exclusion usually takes five days 
B)  When environments switch every four days on average and competitive exclusion usually takes four weeks 
C)  When environments switch every four weeks on average and competitive exclusion usually takes five weeks 
D)  When environments switch every five weeks on average and competitive exclusion usually takes four weeks

Maron and Vila (2001) found that native herbivores

Refer to the figure. Which figure best describes the relationship between plant species richness and plant cover observed by Tilman in his grassland study?

Which of the following is not one of the conclusions of Suzàn and colleagues small mammal diversity case study?

Tilman's experiments of the resource ratio hypothesis with two species of diatoms showed that the species could coexist

Refer to the figure. Tilman and Downing studied the impact of plant species richness on drought resistance in prairie communities. What conclusion can you draw from their figure?

According to the complementarity hypothesis, community function should _______ as species richness increases.

Refer to the figures. Which combination of figures is correctly paired to illustrate the relationship between species richness and community function, the ecological function of species, and the relative strength of ecological functions of species within the community?

How does climate change impact invasive species?

A weed that is ordinarily invasive is unable to establish itself in a meadow community because the roots of other plant species produce chemicals that retard its growth. This is an example of

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Population Distribution and Abundance

Population Dynamics

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Competition

Mutualism and Commensalism

The Nature of Communities

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Exam 19: Species Diversity in Communities

Maron and Vila (2001) found that native herbivores

Refer to the figure. Which figure best describes the relationship between plant species richness and plant cover observed by Tilman in his grassland study?

Which of the following is not one of the conclusions of Suzàn and colleagues small mammal diversity case study?

Tilman's experiments of the resource ratio hypothesis with two species of diatoms showed that the species could coexist

Refer to the figure. Tilman and Downing studied the impact of plant species richness on drought resistance in prairie communities. What conclusion can you draw from their figure?

According to the complementarity hypothesis, community function should _______ as species richness increases.

Refer to the figures. Which combination of figures is correctly paired to illustrate the relationship between species richness and community function, the ecological function of species, and the relative strength of ecological functions of species within the community?

How does climate change impact invasive species?

A weed that is ordinarily invasive is unable to establish itself in a meadow community because the roots of other plant species produce chemicals that retard its growth. This is an example of

The Web of Life

The Physical Environment

The Biosphere

Coping With Environmental Variation:

Coping With Environmental Variation: Energy

Evolution and Ecology

Life History

Behavioral Ecology

Population Distribution and Abundance

Population Dynamics

Population Growth and Regulation

Predation

Parasitism

Competition

Mutualism and Commensalism

The Nature of Communities

Change in Communities

Biogeography

Production

Energy Flow and Food Webs

Nutrient Supply and Cycling

Conservation Biology

Landscape Ecology and Ecosystem Management

Global Ecology

Filters