Question 1

Hydrogen ions are continually entering the body fluids through:

Accepted Answer

A)  acidic ketone bodies. 
B)  phosphoric acids. 
C)  carbonic acids. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  acidic ketone bodies. 
B)  phosphoric acids. 
C)  carbonic acids. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 2

The chloride shift occurs to correct an electrical imbalance, not an acid-base imbalance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

A decrease in blood pH:

Accepted Answer

A)  accelerates the renal tubule excretion of ammonia. 
B)  causes a decrease in the renal tubule excretion of ammonia. 
C)  produces an increase in the pH of the urine through the chloride shift. 
D)  has no effect on the renal tubule excretion of ammonia (because of respiratory compensations). 
A)  accelerates the renal tubule excretion of ammonia. 
B)  causes a decrease in the renal tubule excretion of ammonia. 
C)  produces an increase in the pH of the urine through the chloride shift. 
D)  has no effect on the renal tubule excretion of ammonia (because of respiratory compensations).

Question 4

An increase in blood pH above normal may result in hypoventilation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

For the body to maintain an acid-base balance, which of the following is (are) necessary?

Accepted Answer

A)  Buffering 
B)  Respirations 
C)  Urine secretion 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Buffering 
B)  Respirations 
C)  Urine secretion 
D)  All of the above

Question 6

In the body, which of the following substances might be used to buffer a strong acid such as HCl?

Accepted Answer

A)  H₂CO₃ 
B)  Hemoglobin 
C)  NaHCO3 
D)  None of the above 
A)  H₂CO₃ 
B)  Hemoglobin 
C)  NaHCO3 
D)  None of the above

Question 7

Ketone bodies are buffered mainly by plasma proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Phosphoric acid accumulates when what is broken down in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fats 
B)  Amino acids 
C)  Ribonucleotides 
D)  Carbohydrates 
A)  Fats 
B)  Amino acids 
C)  Ribonucleotides 
D)  Carbohydrates

Question 9

An elevated blood bicarbonate level may be an indication that the kidneys are excreting hydrogen ions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

In the bicarbonate buffer system, the weak base bicarbonate is used to buffer a strong acid such as HCl.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The numerical value of pH represents the:

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen ion concentration squared. 
B)  negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration. 
C)  logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration. 
D)  square root of the hydrogen ion concentration. 
A)  hydrogen ion concentration squared. 
B)  negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration. 
C)  logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration. 
D)  square root of the hydrogen ion concentration.

Question 12

Bicarbonate loading can lead to metabolic acidosis and disastrous effects if used long-term.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

An increase in the base bicarbonate/carbonic acid ratio causes uncompensated acidosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

An increase in the base bicarbonate/carbonic acid ratio causes a decrease in the pH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Vomiting results in alkalosis because of the loss of sodium from the stomach.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

A solution with a hydrogen ion concentration of 1 × 10-⁴ per liter would be a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  acid. 
B)  base. 
C)  neutral solution. 
D)  There is not enough information to determine the type of solution it would be. 
A)  acid. 
B)  base. 
C)  neutral solution. 
D)  There is not enough information to determine the type of solution it would be.

Question 17

Most body fluid buffer pairs contain a strong base and a weak acid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

If HCl were buffered by NaHCO₃, what would occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  There would be a slight rise in pH. 
B)  There would be a large drop in pH. 
C)  There would be a slight drop in pH. 
D)  There would be a large rise in pH. 
A)  There would be a slight rise in pH. 
B)  There would be a large drop in pH. 
C)  There would be a slight drop in pH. 
D)  There would be a large rise in pH.

Question 19

Match each term with it corresponding definition.
-Any substance that decreases the amount of the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution

Accepted Answer

A) Alkaline 
B) pH 
C) Buffer 
D) Acid 
E) Alkalosis
F)Chloride shift
G)Acidosis
H)Metabolic alkalosis
I)Metabolic acidosis
J)Respiratory acidosis
K)Respiratory alkalosis 
A) Alkaline 
B) pH 
C) Buffer 
D) Acid 
E) Alkalosis
F)Chloride shift
G)Acidosis
H)Metabolic alkalosis
I)Metabolic acidosis
J)Respiratory acidosis
K)Respiratory alkalosis

Question 20

Normally the blood buffer system converts a strong acid to a weak acid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 44: Acid Base Balance

Hydrogen ions are continually entering the body fluids through:

The chloride shift occurs to correct an electrical imbalance, not an acid-base imbalance.

A decrease in blood pH:

An increase in blood pH above normal may result in hypoventilation.

For the body to maintain an acid-base balance, which of the following is (are) necessary?

In the body, which of the following substances might be used to buffer a strong acid such as HCl?

Ketone bodies are buffered mainly by plasma proteins.

Phosphoric acid accumulates when what is broken down in the body?

An elevated blood bicarbonate level may be an indication that the kidneys are excreting hydrogen ions.

In the bicarbonate buffer system, the weak base bicarbonate is used to buffer a strong acid such as HCl.

The numerical value of pH represents the:

Bicarbonate loading can lead to metabolic acidosis and disastrous effects if used long-term.

An increase in the base bicarbonate/carbonic acid ratio causes uncompensated acidosis.

An increase in the base bicarbonate/carbonic acid ratio causes a decrease in the pH.

Vomiting results in alkalosis because of the loss of sodium from the stomach.

A solution with a hydrogen ion concentration of 1 × 10-⁴ per liter would be a(n):

Most body fluid buffer pairs contain a strong base and a weak acid.

If HCl were buffered by NaHCO₃, what would occur?

Match each term with it corresponding definition. -Any substance that decreases the amount of the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution

Normally the blood buffer system converts a strong acid to a weak acid.

Organization of the Body

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