Question 1

Select the ventilator flowmeter that will read accurately when used with heliox.

Accepted Answer

A)  Turbine 
B)  Vortex ultrasonic 
C)  Variable capacitance 
D)  Variable orifice pneumotachometer 
A)  Turbine 
B)  Vortex ultrasonic 
C)  Variable capacitance 
D)  Variable orifice pneumotachometer

Question 2

Which of these two parameters does a pulse oximeter measure?
1)O₂Hb
2)Hb
3)COHb
4)MetHb

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 2 
B)  1 and 3 
C)  2 and 3 
D)  3 and 4 
A)  1 and 2 
B)  1 and 3 
C)  2 and 3 
D)  3 and 4

Question 3

Calculate the static compliance given the following clinical data: tidal volume 500 mL,peak inspiratory pressure (PIP)35 cm H₂O,plateau pressure (Pₚₗₐₜₑₐᵤ)25 cm H₂O,positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)12 cm H₂O,measured unintended positive end-expiratory pressure (auto-PEEP)3 cm H₂O,and tubing compliance (Cᴛ)2.5 mL/cm H₂O.

Accepted Answer

A)  17.5 mL/cm H₂O 
B)  34 mL/cm H₂O 
C)  36 mL/cm H₂O 
D)  47.5 mL/cm H₂O 
A)  17.5 mL/cm H₂O 
B)  34 mL/cm H₂O 
C)  36 mL/cm H₂O 
D)  47.5 mL/cm H₂O

Question 4

A patient-ventilator system check reveals the following information: peak inspiratory pressure (PIP)27 cm H₂O,positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)5 cm H₂O,plateau pressure (Pₚₗₐₜₑₐᵤ)14 cm H₂O,inspiratory time (Tɪ)0.75 second,and set frequency 20/minute.Calculate the mean airway pressure.

Accepted Answer

A)  6.75 cm H₂O 
B)  7.75 cm H₂O 
C)  11.75 cm H₂O 
D)  12.37 cm H₂O 
A)  6.75 cm H₂O 
B)  7.75 cm H₂O 
C)  11.75 cm H₂O 
D)  12.37 cm H₂O

Question 5

The best assessment of the function of the diaphragm during inspiration is obtained by measuring which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Airway resistance 
B)  Pressure-time product 
C)  Pressure-volume curve 
D)  Maximum inspiratory pressure 
A)  Airway resistance 
B)  Pressure-time product 
C)  Pressure-volume curve 
D)  Maximum inspiratory pressure

Question 6

A mechanically ventilated patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is in the process of being weaned from mechanical ventilation.A diet containing which of the following will be most beneficial to this process?

Accepted Answer

A)  High protein, low fats, and carbohydrates 
B)  Low fats and proteins, high carbohydrates 
C)  Low carbohydrate with increased fats and proteins 
D)  Equal amounts of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins 
A)  High protein, low fats, and carbohydrates 
B)  Low fats and proteins, high carbohydrates 
C)  Low carbohydrate with increased fats and proteins 
D)  Equal amounts of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins

Question 7

Exhaled nitric oxide is used to monitor the effectiveness of which drug used in the treatment of asthma?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anticholinergic bronchodilators 
B)  Beta adrenergic bronchodilators 
C)  Inhaled corticosteroids 
D)  Leukotriene inhibitors 
A)  Anticholinergic bronchodilators 
B)  Beta adrenergic bronchodilators 
C)  Inhaled corticosteroids 
D)  Leukotriene inhibitors

Question 8

A pulse oximeter reading will be most accurate when used with a patient in which of the following situations?

Accepted Answer

A)  An intensive care unit patient with hyperbilirubinemia 
B)  A hypotensive patient receiving peripheral vasoconstrictors 
C)  An emergency department patient with evidence of smoke inhalation 
D)  An open heart patient receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 
A)  An intensive care unit patient with hyperbilirubinemia 
B)  A hypotensive patient receiving peripheral vasoconstrictors 
C)  An emergency department patient with evidence of smoke inhalation 
D)  An open heart patient receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Question 9

During calibration of a transcutaneous monitor the respiratory therapist notices a signal drift.The respiratory therapist should do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increase the probe temperature. 
B)  Replace the monitor and call for repair. 
C)  Add more electrolyte gel to the patient's skin. 
D)  Change the electrolyte and sensor's membrane. 
A)  Increase the probe temperature. 
B)  Replace the monitor and call for repair. 
C)  Add more electrolyte gel to the patient's skin. 
D)  Change the electrolyte and sensor's membrane.

Question 10

An energy expenditure (EE)of 60 kcal/hr/m² for an adult is indicative of which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Burns 
B)  Sedation 
C)  Starvation 
D)  Hypothermia 
A)  Burns 
B)  Sedation 
C)  Starvation 
D)  Hypothermia

Question 11

During which phase of a capnograph does alveolar gas containing carbon dioxide (CO₂)mix with gas from the anatomical airways and the CO₂ concentration rises?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phase 1 
B)  Phase 2 
C)  Phase 3 
D)  Phase 4 
A)  Phase 1 
B)  Phase 2 
C)  Phase 3 
D)  Phase 4

Question 12

The condition that is associated with a reduction in exhaled nitric oxide is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alveolitis 
B)  Cystic fibrosis 
C)  Chronic bronchitis 
D)  Airway viral infection 
A)  Alveolitis 
B)  Cystic fibrosis 
C)  Chronic bronchitis 
D)  Airway viral infection

Question 13

During the application of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP),the monitoring of which pressure will alert the respiratory therapist specifically to alveolar overdistention?

Accepted Answer

A)  Peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) 
B)  Plateau pressure (Pₚₗₐₜₑₐᵤ) 
C)  Mean airway pressure 
D)  Transairway pressure (Pᴛᴀ) 
A)  Peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) 
B)  Plateau pressure (Pₚₗₐₜₑₐᵤ) 
C)  Mean airway pressure 
D)  Transairway pressure (Pᴛᴀ)

Question 14

A patient receiving mechanical ventilation is being continuously monitored for oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximeter (SₚO₂)for the past 48 hours.When initially applied,the SₚO₂ and the arterial oxygen saturation (SₐO₂),as well as the pulse on the pulse oximeter,ECG,and manual pulse,were consistent.During clinical rounds,the respiratory therapist notices that although the probe is appropriately placed and capillary refill is normal,the SₚO₂ reading is down to 90% from 95%.The most appropriate immediate action is to do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Replace the probe. 
B)  Reposition the patient. 
C)  Draw an arterial blood gas. 
D)  Move the probe to a different site. 
A)  Replace the probe. 
B)  Reposition the patient. 
C)  Draw an arterial blood gas. 
D)  Move the probe to a different site.

Question 15

The newest types of mechanical ventilators use which of the following devices to measure airway pressures?

Accepted Answer

A)  Barometers 
B)  Aneroid manometers 
C)  Electromechanical transducers 
D)  Variable orifice pneumotachometers 
A)  Barometers 
B)  Aneroid manometers 
C)  Electromechanical transducers 
D)  Variable orifice pneumotachometers

Select the ventilator flowmeter that will read accurately when used with heliox.

Which of these two parameters does a pulse oximeter measure? 1)O₂Hb 2)Hb 3)COHb 4)MetHb

The best assessment of the function of the diaphragm during inspiration is obtained by measuring which of the following?

A mechanically ventilated patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is in the process of being weaned from mechanical ventilation.A diet containing which of the following will be most beneficial to this process?

Exhaled nitric oxide is used to monitor the effectiveness of which drug used in the treatment of asthma?

A pulse oximeter reading will be most accurate when used with a patient in which of the following situations?

During calibration of a transcutaneous monitor the respiratory therapist notices a signal drift.The respiratory therapist should do which of the following?

An energy expenditure (EE)of 60 kcal/hr/m² for an adult is indicative of which of the following conditions?

During which phase of a capnograph does alveolar gas containing carbon dioxide (CO₂)mix with gas from the anatomical airways and the CO₂ concentration rises?

The condition that is associated with a reduction in exhaled nitric oxide is which of the following?

During the application of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP),the monitoring of which pressure will alert the respiratory therapist specifically to alveolar overdistention?

The newest types of mechanical ventilators use which of the following devices to measure airway pressures?

Basic Terms and Concepts of Mechanical Ventilation

How Ventilators Work

How a Breath Is Delivered

Establishing the Need for Mechanical Ventilation

Selecting the Ventilator and the Mode

Initial Ventilator Settings

Final Considerations in Ventilator Setup

Initial Patient Assessment

Ventilator Graphics

Hemodynamic Monitoring

Methods to Improve Ventilation in Patient-Ventilator Management

Improving Oxygenation and Management of ARDS

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

Sedatives, Analgesics, and Paralytics

Extrapulmonary Effects of Mechanical Ventilation

Effects of Positive Pressure Ventilation on the Pulmonary System

Troubleshooting and Problem Solving

Basic Concepts of Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation

Weaning and Discontinuation from Mechanical Ventilation

Long-Term Ventilation

Neonatal and Pediatric Ventilation

Special Techniques in Ventilatory Support

Filters

Exam 10: Assessment of Respiratory Function

Select the ventilator flowmeter that will read accurately when used with heliox.

Which of these two parameters does a pulse oximeter measure? 1)O₂Hb 2)Hb 3)COHb 4)MetHb

The best assessment of the function of the diaphragm during inspiration is obtained by measuring which of the following?

A mechanically ventilated patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is in the process of being weaned from mechanical ventilation.A diet containing which of the following will be most beneficial to this process?

Exhaled nitric oxide is used to monitor the effectiveness of which drug used in the treatment of asthma?

A pulse oximeter reading will be most accurate when used with a patient in which of the following situations?

During calibration of a transcutaneous monitor the respiratory therapist notices a signal drift.The respiratory therapist should do which of the following?

An energy expenditure (EE)of 60 kcal/hr/m² for an adult is indicative of which of the following conditions?

During which phase of a capnograph does alveolar gas containing carbon dioxide (CO₂)mix with gas from the anatomical airways and the CO₂ concentration rises?

The condition that is associated with a reduction in exhaled nitric oxide is which of the following?

During the application of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP),the monitoring of which pressure will alert the respiratory therapist specifically to alveolar overdistention?

The newest types of mechanical ventilators use which of the following devices to measure airway pressures?

Basic Terms and Concepts of Mechanical Ventilation

How Ventilators Work

How a Breath Is Delivered

Establishing the Need for Mechanical Ventilation

Selecting the Ventilator and the Mode

Initial Ventilator Settings

Final Considerations in Ventilator Setup

Initial Patient Assessment

Ventilator Graphics

Hemodynamic Monitoring

Methods to Improve Ventilation in Patient-Ventilator Management

Improving Oxygenation and Management of ARDS

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

Sedatives, Analgesics, and Paralytics

Extrapulmonary Effects of Mechanical Ventilation

Effects of Positive Pressure Ventilation on the Pulmonary System

Troubleshooting and Problem Solving

Basic Concepts of Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation

Weaning and Discontinuation from Mechanical Ventilation

Long-Term Ventilation

Neonatal and Pediatric Ventilation

Special Techniques in Ventilatory Support

Filters