Question 1

What type of electrode is used by a transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen (PₜᴄO₂)device?

Accepted Answer

A)  Galvanic 
B)  Polarographic 
C)  Paramagnetic 
D)  Stow-Severinghaus 
A)  Galvanic 
B)  Polarographic 
C)  Paramagnetic 
D)  Stow-Severinghaus B

Question 2

A patient in the intensive care unit is receiving mechanical ventilation,has a pulmonary artery catheter in place,and is being monitored continuously with a capnometer.The patient's arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PₐCO₂)is 41 mm Hg and the partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide (PₑₜCO₂)is 36 mm Hg.There is a sudden decrease in the PₑₜCO₂ to 18 mm Hg causing an alarm to sound.The most likely cause of this development is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypovolemia 
B)  Apneic episode 
C)  Pulmonary embolism 
D)  Increased cardiac output 
A)  Hypovolemia 
B)  Apneic episode 
C)  Pulmonary embolism 
D)  Increased cardiac output C

Question 3

A patient-ventilator system check reveals the following information: peak inspiratory pressure (PIP)32 cm H₂O,positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)12 cm H₂O,plateau pressure (Pₚₗₐₜₑₐᵤ)20 cm H₂O,inspiratory time (Tɪ)1 second,and set frequency 12/min.Calculate the mean airway pressure.

Accepted Answer

A)  4 cm H₂O 
B)  8 cm H₂O 
C)  12 cm H₂O 
D)  14 cm H₂O 
A)  4 cm H₂O 
B)  8 cm H₂O 
C)  12 cm H₂O 
D)  14 cm H₂O D

Question 4

To properly operate,the transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen electrode needs to be at what temperature range?

Accepted Answer

A)  32-35° C 
B)  36-39° C 
C)  42-45° C 
D)  46-49° C 
A)  32-35° C 
B)  36-39° C 
C)  42-45° C 
D)  46-49° C

Question 5

Calculate the airway resistance given the following clinical data: flow rate 60 L/min,PIP 28 cm H₂O,Pₚₗₐₜₑₐᵤ 21 cm H₂O,and PEEP 8 cm H₂O.

Accepted Answer

A)  7 cm H₂O/L/sec 
B)  13 cm H₂O/L/sec 
C)  20 cm H₂O/L/sec 
D)  28 cm H₂O/L/sec 
A)  7 cm H₂O/L/sec 
B)  13 cm H₂O/L/sec 
C)  20 cm H₂O/L/sec 
D)  28 cm H₂O/L/sec

Question 6

An energy expenditure (EE)of 20 kcal/hr/m² for an adult is indicative of which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pregnancy 
B)  Starvation 
C)  Hyperthyroidism 
D)  Stimulant drugs 
A)  Pregnancy 
B)  Starvation 
C)  Hyperthyroidism 
D)  Stimulant drugs

Question 7

Calculate dynamic compliance given the following clinical data: tidal volume 600 mL,peak inspiratory pressure (PIP)28 cm H₂O,plateau pressure (Pₚₗₐₜₑₐᵤ)15 cm H₂O,positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)10 cm H₂O,and CT 2 mL/cm H₂O.

Accepted Answer

A)  30.2 mL/cm H₂O 
B)  31.3 mL/cm H₂O 
C)  38 mL/cm H₂O 
D)  44.1 mL/cm H₂O 
A)  30.2 mL/cm H₂O 
B)  31.3 mL/cm H₂O 
C)  38 mL/cm H₂O 
D)  44.1 mL/cm H₂O

Question 8

The respiratory quotient (RQ)value associated with substrate utilization patterns in normal,healthy individuals is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.7 
B)  0.8 
C)  0.9 
D)  1.0 
A)  0.7 
B)  0.8 
C)  0.9 
D)  1.0

Question 9

Bidirectional flow can be measured by which of the following devices?

Accepted Answer

A)  Turbine flowmeter 
B)  Piezoelectric transducer 
C)  Ultrasonic vortex flowmeter 
D)  Variable orifice pneumotachometer 
A)  Turbine flowmeter 
B)  Piezoelectric transducer 
C)  Ultrasonic vortex flowmeter 
D)  Variable orifice pneumotachometer

Question 10

The respiratory therapist has just stopped postural drainage for a 24-year-old patient with cystic fibrosis because of shortness of breath and slight cyanosis in the "head-down" position.The respiratory therapist should recommend which of the following adjustments to therapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Continue postural drainage and monitor patient with capnography. 
B)  Use only upright or flat postural drainage positions and dRₐᴡan arterial blood gas (ABG). 
C)  Administer oxygen via nasal cannula and monitor with pulse oximetry. 
D)  Use a transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen (PₜᴄO₂) monitor to assess the extent of hypoxemia. 
A)  Continue postural drainage and monitor patient with capnography. 
B)  Use only upright or flat postural drainage positions and dRₐᴡan arterial blood gas (ABG). 
C)  Administer oxygen via nasal cannula and monitor with pulse oximetry. 
D)  Use a transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen (PₜᴄO₂) monitor to assess the extent of hypoxemia.

Question 11

Which of the following actions is indicated when a disparity exists between SₚO₂,SₐO₂,and the clinical presentation of a patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Move the probe to an alternate site to check for SₚO₂. 
B)  Replace the pulse oximeter probe. 
C)  Measure arterial oxygen saturation by CO-oximetry. 
D)  Disregarding the SₐO₂. 
A)  Move the probe to an alternate site to check for SₚO₂. 
B)  Replace the pulse oximeter probe. 
C)  Measure arterial oxygen saturation by CO-oximetry. 
D)  Disregarding the SₐO₂.

Question 12

Components of an indirect calorimeter may include which of the following?1.Pressure manometer
2)Pneumotachometer
3)Pressure-sensitive transducer
4)Oxygen and carbon dioxide analyzers

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 2 only 
B)  2 and 4 only 
C)  2, 3, and 4 only 
D)  1, 2, 3, and 4 
A)  1 and 2 only 
B)  2 and 4 only 
C)  2, 3, and 4 only 
D)  1, 2, 3, and 4

Question 13

The partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide (PₑₜCO₂)reading is taken at what point in the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Point A 
B)  Point B 
C)  Point C 
D)  Point D 
A)  Point A 
B)  Point B 
C)  Point C 
D)  Point D

Question 14

An increase in intrinsic work of breathing due to a decrease in static compliance is caused by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Emphysema 
B)  Bronchospasm 
C)  Pulmonary fibrosis 
D)  Airway inflammation 
A)  Emphysema 
B)  Bronchospasm 
C)  Pulmonary fibrosis 
D)  Airway inflammation

Question 15

Calculate the dynamic compliance given the following clinical data: tidal volume 500 mL,peak inspiratory time (PIP)35 cm H₂O,plateau pressure (Pₚₗₐₜₑₐᵤ)20 cm H₂O,positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)5 cm H₂O,and tubing compliance (Cᴛ)2.5 mL/cm H₂O.

Accepted Answer

A)  11.8 mL/cm H₂O 
B)  14.2 mL/cm H₂O 
C)  25 mL/cm H₂O 
D)  46.2 mL/cm H₂O 
A)  11.8 mL/cm H₂O 
B)  14.2 mL/cm H₂O 
C)  25 mL/cm H₂O 
D)  46.2 mL/cm H₂O

Question 16

During shift report,the day shift respiratory therapist informs the night shift respiratory therapist about a freshly postoperative patient who is receiving full support via mechanical ventilation.At the time of the last patient-ventilator system check the patient had not awaken from anesthesia.During first round on the day shift the respiratory therapist notes the capnography shown in the figure.The most appropriate action to take would be to do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Administer a bronchodilator. 
B)  Begin the weaning process. 
C)  Fix the leak in the sampling line. 
D)  Reinflate the ET tube cuff. 
A)  Administer a bronchodilator. 
B)  Begin the weaning process. 
C)  Fix the leak in the sampling line. 
D)  Reinflate the ET tube cuff.

Question 17

What type of electrode is used by a transcutaneous partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PₜᴄO₂)device?

Accepted Answer

A)  Galvanic 
B)  Polarographic 
C)  Paramagnetic 
D)  Stow-Severinghaus 
A)  Galvanic 
B)  Polarographic 
C)  Paramagnetic 
D)  Stow-Severinghaus

Question 18

The change in the single-breath carbon dioxide (CO₂)curve from "A" to "B" shown in the figure may be a result of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypervolemia 
B)  Decreased positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) 
C)  Increased mean airway pressure 
D)  Excessive bronchodilator administration 
A)  Hypervolemia 
B)  Decreased positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) 
C)  Increased mean airway pressure 
D)  Excessive bronchodilator administration

Question 19

To measure plateau pressure,inspiration should be held for how many seconds?

Accepted Answer

A)  1-2 
B)  2-3 
C)  3-4 
D)  4-5 
A)  1-2 
B)  2-3 
C)  3-4 
D)  4-5

Question 20

A patient arrives in the emergency department via ambulance following rescue from a house fire.The instrument that would be most appropriate to assist the respiratory therapist in assessing this patient's oxygenation status is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Capnograph 
B)  Pulse oximeter 
C)  Calorimeter 
D)  CO-oximeter 
A)  Capnograph 
B)  Pulse oximeter 
C)  Calorimeter 
D)  CO-oximeter

What type of electrode is used by a transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen (PₜᴄO₂)device?

To properly operate,the transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen electrode needs to be at what temperature range?

Calculate the airway resistance given the following clinical data: flow rate 60 L/min,PIP 28 cm H₂O,Pₚₗₐₜₑₐᵤ 21 cm H₂O,and PEEP 8 cm H₂O.

An energy expenditure (EE)of 20 kcal/hr/m² for an adult is indicative of which of the following conditions?

Calculate dynamic compliance given the following clinical data: tidal volume 600 mL,peak inspiratory pressure (PIP)28 cm H₂O,plateau pressure (Pₚₗₐₜₑₐᵤ)15 cm H₂O,positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)10 cm H₂O,and CT 2 mL/cm H₂O.

The respiratory quotient (RQ)value associated with substrate utilization patterns in normal,healthy individuals is which of the following?

Bidirectional flow can be measured by which of the following devices?

The respiratory therapist has just stopped postural drainage for a 24-year-old patient with cystic fibrosis because of shortness of breath and slight cyanosis in the "head-down" position.The respiratory therapist should recommend which of the following adjustments to therapy?

Which of the following actions is indicated when a disparity exists between SₚO₂,SₐO₂,and the clinical presentation of a patient?

Components of an indirect calorimeter may include which of the following?1.Pressure manometer 2)Pneumotachometer 3)Pressure-sensitive transducer 4)Oxygen and carbon dioxide analyzers

The partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide (PₑₜCO₂)reading is taken at what point in the figure?

An increase in intrinsic work of breathing due to a decrease in static compliance is caused by which of the following?

Calculate the dynamic compliance given the following clinical data: tidal volume 500 mL,peak inspiratory time (PIP)35 cm H₂O,plateau pressure (Pₚₗₐₜₑₐᵤ)20 cm H₂O,positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)5 cm H₂O,and tubing compliance (Cᴛ)2.5 mL/cm H₂O.

What type of electrode is used by a transcutaneous partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PₜᴄO₂)device?

The change in the single-breath carbon dioxide (CO₂)curve from "A" to "B" shown in the figure may be a result of which of the following?

To measure plateau pressure,inspiration should be held for how many seconds?

A patient arrives in the emergency department via ambulance following rescue from a house fire.The instrument that would be most appropriate to assist the respiratory therapist in assessing this patient's oxygenation status is which of the following?

Basic Terms and Concepts of Mechanical Ventilation

How Ventilators Work

How a Breath Is Delivered

Establishing the Need for Mechanical Ventilation

Selecting the Ventilator and the Mode

Initial Ventilator Settings

Final Considerations in Ventilator Setup

Initial Patient Assessment

Ventilator Graphics

Hemodynamic Monitoring

Methods to Improve Ventilation in Patient-Ventilator Management

Improving Oxygenation and Management of ARDS

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

Sedatives, Analgesics, and Paralytics

Extrapulmonary Effects of Mechanical Ventilation

Effects of Positive Pressure Ventilation on the Pulmonary System

Troubleshooting and Problem Solving

Basic Concepts of Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation

Weaning and Discontinuation from Mechanical Ventilation

Long-Term Ventilation

Neonatal and Pediatric Ventilation

Special Techniques in Ventilatory Support

Filters

Exam 10: Assessment of Respiratory Function

What type of electrode is used by a transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen (PₜᴄO₂)device?

To properly operate,the transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen electrode needs to be at what temperature range?

Calculate the airway resistance given the following clinical data: flow rate 60 L/min,PIP 28 cm H₂O,Pₚₗₐₜₑₐᵤ 21 cm H₂O,and PEEP 8 cm H₂O.

An energy expenditure (EE)of 20 kcal/hr/m² for an adult is indicative of which of the following conditions?

Calculate dynamic compliance given the following clinical data: tidal volume 600 mL,peak inspiratory pressure (PIP)28 cm H₂O,plateau pressure (Pₚₗₐₜₑₐᵤ)15 cm H₂O,positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)10 cm H₂O,and CT 2 mL/cm H₂O.

The respiratory quotient (RQ)value associated with substrate utilization patterns in normal,healthy individuals is which of the following?

Bidirectional flow can be measured by which of the following devices?

The respiratory therapist has just stopped postural drainage for a 24-year-old patient with cystic fibrosis because of shortness of breath and slight cyanosis in the "head-down" position.The respiratory therapist should recommend which of the following adjustments to therapy?

Which of the following actions is indicated when a disparity exists between SₚO₂,SₐO₂,and the clinical presentation of a patient?

Components of an indirect calorimeter may include which of the following?1.Pressure manometer 2)Pneumotachometer 3)Pressure-sensitive transducer 4)Oxygen and carbon dioxide analyzers

The partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide (PₑₜCO₂)reading is taken at what point in the figure?

An increase in intrinsic work of breathing due to a decrease in static compliance is caused by which of the following?

Calculate the dynamic compliance given the following clinical data: tidal volume 500 mL,peak inspiratory time (PIP)35 cm H₂O,plateau pressure (Pₚₗₐₜₑₐᵤ)20 cm H₂O,positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)5 cm H₂O,and tubing compliance (Cᴛ)2.5 mL/cm H₂O.

What type of electrode is used by a transcutaneous partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PₜᴄO₂)device?

The change in the single-breath carbon dioxide (CO₂)curve from "A" to "B" shown in the figure may be a result of which of the following?

To measure plateau pressure,inspiration should be held for how many seconds?

A patient arrives in the emergency department via ambulance following rescue from a house fire.The instrument that would be most appropriate to assist the respiratory therapist in assessing this patient's oxygenation status is which of the following?

Basic Terms and Concepts of Mechanical Ventilation

How Ventilators Work

How a Breath Is Delivered

Establishing the Need for Mechanical Ventilation

Selecting the Ventilator and the Mode

Initial Ventilator Settings

Final Considerations in Ventilator Setup

Initial Patient Assessment

Ventilator Graphics

Hemodynamic Monitoring

Methods to Improve Ventilation in Patient-Ventilator Management

Improving Oxygenation and Management of ARDS

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

Sedatives, Analgesics, and Paralytics

Extrapulmonary Effects of Mechanical Ventilation

Effects of Positive Pressure Ventilation on the Pulmonary System

Troubleshooting and Problem Solving

Basic Concepts of Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation

Weaning and Discontinuation from Mechanical Ventilation

Long-Term Ventilation

Neonatal and Pediatric Ventilation

Special Techniques in Ventilatory Support

Filters