Question 1

The most common method of terminating inspiration during pressure support ventilation is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Flow 
B)  Time 
C)  Pressure 
D)  Volume 
A)  Flow 
B)  Time 
C)  Pressure 
D)  Volume A

Question 2

The control variables most often used to ventilate infants are which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Volume limited, time cycled ventilation 
B)  Pressure limited, time cycled ventilation 
C)  Pressure limited, pressure cycled ventilation 
D)  Volume limited, volume cycled ventilation 
A)  Volume limited, time cycled ventilation 
B)  Pressure limited, time cycled ventilation 
C)  Pressure limited, pressure cycled ventilation 
D)  Volume limited, volume cycled ventilation B

Question 3

When the maximum pressure limit is reached during volume ventilation,which of the following occurs?
1)Inspiratory time is decreased.
2)Volume delivered is decreased.
3)Inspiration continues until volume is delivered.
4)Pressure is held and the breath is volume cycled.

Accepted Answer

A)  3 only 
B)  4 only 
C)  1 and 2 only 
D)  2 and 4 only 
A)  3 only 
B)  4 only 
C)  1 and 2 only 
D)  2 and 4 only C

Question 4

The inspiratory and expiratory flow sensors are reading a base flow of 5 L/min.The flow trigger is set to 2 L/min.The expiratory flow sensor must read what flow to trigger inspiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 L/min 
B)  2 L/min 
C)  3 L/min 
D)  4 L/min 
A)  1 L/min 
B)  2 L/min 
C)  3 L/min 
D)  4 L/min

Question 5

High-frequency oscillators control which of the following variables?

Accepted Answer

A)  Flow 
B)  Time 
C)  Volume 
D)  Pressure 
A)  Flow 
B)  Time 
C)  Volume 
D)  Pressure

Question 6

The ventilator variable that begins inspiration is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cycle 
B)  Limit 
C)  Trigger 
D)  Baseline 
A)  Cycle 
B)  Limit 
C)  Trigger 
D)  Baseline

Question 7

An increase in airway resistance during pressure-targeted ventilation will have which of the following effects?

Accepted Answer

A)  Volume decrease 
B)  Flow increase 
C)  Pressure increase 
D)  Rate decrease 
A)  Volume decrease 
B)  Flow increase 
C)  Pressure increase 
D)  Rate decrease

Question 8

The limit variable set on a mechanical ventilator will do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  End inspiration 
B)  Begin inspiration 
C)  Control the maximum value allowed 
D)  Control the minimum value allowed 
A)  End inspiration 
B)  Begin inspiration 
C)  Control the maximum value allowed 
D)  Control the minimum value allowed

Question 9

The patient trigger that requires the least amount of work of breathing for the patient is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Time 
B)  Flow 
C)  Pressure 
D)  Volume 
A)  Time 
B)  Flow 
C)  Pressure 
D)  Volume

Question 10

The respiratory therapist enters the room of a patient being mechanically ventilated with volume ventilation.The high pressure alarm is sounding and the measured exhaled tidal volume is significantly lower than what is set.The variable that is ending inspiration is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Time 
B)  Flow 
C)  Pressure 
D)  Volume 
A)  Time 
B)  Flow 
C)  Pressure 
D)  Volume

Question 11

The variable that a ventilator uses to end inspiration is known as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cycle 
B)  Limit 
C)  Trigger 
D)  Baseline 
A)  Cycle 
B)  Limit 
C)  Trigger 
D)  Baseline

Question 12

The most commonly used patient-trigger variables include which of the following?
1)Flow
2)Time
3)Pressure
4)Volume

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 3 only 
B)  2 and 4 only 
C)  1 and 4 only 
D)  2 and 3 only 
A)  1 and 3 only 
B)  2 and 4 only 
C)  1 and 4 only 
D)  2 and 3 only

Question 13

An increase in airway resistance during volume-controlled ventilation will have which of the following effects?

Accepted Answer

A)  Volume increase 
B)  Flow decrease 
C)  Pressure increase 
D)  Rate decrease 
A)  Volume increase 
B)  Flow decrease 
C)  Pressure increase 
D)  Rate decrease

Question 14

The trigger variable in the controlled mode is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Flow 
B)  Time 
C)  Pressure 
D)  Volume 
A)  Flow 
B)  Time 
C)  Pressure 
D)  Volume

Question 15

The ventilator that can provide a negative pressure during the very beginning of the exhalation phase is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Servoi 
B)  VIASYS Avea 
C)  Puritan Bennett 840 
D)  Cardiopulmonary Venturi 
A)  Servoi 
B)  VIASYS Avea 
C)  Puritan Bennett 840 
D)  Cardiopulmonary Venturi

Question 16

The variable that controls exhalation is known as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Limit 
B)  Trigger 
C)  Pressure 
D)  Baseline 
A)  Limit 
B)  Trigger 
C)  Pressure 
D)  Baseline

Question 17

Which maneuver will maintain air in the lungs at the end of inspiration,before the exhalation valve opens?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pressure limit 
B)  Inspiratory hold 
C)  Expiratory hold 
D)  Expiratory resistance 
A)  Pressure limit 
B)  Inspiratory hold 
C)  Expiratory hold 
D)  Expiratory resistance

Question 18

A patient who has been sedated and paralyzed by medications is being controlled by the ventilator.The set rate is 15 breaths/min.How many seconds does it take for inspiration and expiration to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 seconds 
B)  4 seconds 
C)  6 seconds 
D)  8 seconds 
A)  2 seconds 
B)  4 seconds 
C)  6 seconds 
D)  8 seconds

Question 19

What is the flow-cycle setting for the following pressure supported breath?

Accepted Answer

A)  20% 
B)  30% 
C)  40% 
D)  50% 
A)  20% 
B)  30% 
C)  40% 
D)  50%

Question 20

Calculate the transrespiratory pressure given the following information: volume 0.6 L; compliance 1 L/cm H₂O; airway resistance 3 cm H₂O/L/sec; flow 1 L/sec.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.9 cm H₂O 
B)  1.8 cm H₂O 
C)  3.6 cm H₂O 
D)  4.6 cm H₂O 
A)  0.9 cm H₂O 
B)  1.8 cm H₂O 
C)  3.6 cm H₂O 
D)  4.6 cm H₂O

Exam 3: How a Breath Is Delivered

The most common method of terminating inspiration during pressure support ventilation is which of the following?

The control variables most often used to ventilate infants are which of the following?

When the maximum pressure limit is reached during volume ventilation,which of the following occurs? 1)Inspiratory time is decreased. 2)Volume delivered is decreased. 3)Inspiration continues until volume is delivered. 4)Pressure is held and the breath is volume cycled.

The inspiratory and expiratory flow sensors are reading a base flow of 5 L/min.The flow trigger is set to 2 L/min.The expiratory flow sensor must read what flow to trigger inspiration?

High-frequency oscillators control which of the following variables?

The ventilator variable that begins inspiration is which of the following?

An increase in airway resistance during pressure-targeted ventilation will have which of the following effects?

The limit variable set on a mechanical ventilator will do which of the following?

The patient trigger that requires the least amount of work of breathing for the patient is which of the following?

The respiratory therapist enters the room of a patient being mechanically ventilated with volume ventilation.The high pressure alarm is sounding and the measured exhaled tidal volume is significantly lower than what is set.The variable that is ending inspiration is which of the following?

The variable that a ventilator uses to end inspiration is known as which of the following?

The most commonly used patient-trigger variables include which of the following? 1)Flow 2)Time 3)Pressure 4)Volume

An increase in airway resistance during volume-controlled ventilation will have which of the following effects?

The trigger variable in the controlled mode is which of the following?

The ventilator that can provide a negative pressure during the very beginning of the exhalation phase is which of the following?

The variable that controls exhalation is known as which of the following?

Which maneuver will maintain air in the lungs at the end of inspiration,before the exhalation valve opens?

A patient who has been sedated and paralyzed by medications is being controlled by the ventilator.The set rate is 15 breaths/min.How many seconds does it take for inspiration and expiration to occur?

What is the flow-cycle setting for the following pressure supported breath?

Calculate the transrespiratory pressure given the following information: volume 0.6 L; compliance 1 L/cm H₂O; airway resistance 3 cm H₂O/L/sec; flow 1 L/sec.

Basic Terms and Concepts of Mechanical Ventilation

How Ventilators Work

Establishing the Need for Mechanical Ventilation

Selecting the Ventilator and the Mode

Initial Ventilator Settings

Final Considerations in Ventilator Setup

Initial Patient Assessment

Ventilator Graphics

Assessment of Respiratory Function

Hemodynamic Monitoring

Methods to Improve Ventilation in Patient-Ventilator Management

Improving Oxygenation and Management of ARDS

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

Sedatives, Analgesics, and Paralytics

Extrapulmonary Effects of Mechanical Ventilation

Effects of Positive Pressure Ventilation on the Pulmonary System

Troubleshooting and Problem Solving

Basic Concepts of Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation

Weaning and Discontinuation from Mechanical Ventilation

Long-Term Ventilation

Neonatal and Pediatric Ventilation

Special Techniques in Ventilatory Support

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