Question 1

Individual food cravings during pregnancy often reflect real physiological needs of the pregnant woman.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) include what associated characteristics at birth?

Accepted Answer

A)  infection with Streptococcus 
B)  unusual skin rash 
C)  facial and vision abnormalities 
D)  spinal curvature and muscle weakness 
E)  lack of brown fat 
A)  infection with Streptococcus 
B)  unusual skin rash 
C)  facial and vision abnormalities 
D)  spinal curvature and muscle weakness 
E)  lack of brown fat

Question 3

Deborah, age 24, is a Caucasian woman who is attending her first prenatal appointment with the clinic obstetrician. Deborah is single and employed in a minimum-wage job with limited financial resources. She resides with her mother. In the first month of her pregnancy, Deborah has experienced mild nausea but no vomiting and has had a ravenous appetite. Because she works as a waitress, she has access to balanced meals at breakfast and lunch, whereas at home she and her mother primarily eat ready-to-eat dinners and occasionally make a home-cooked meal. She is a well-appearing, normal-weight woman with no known medical conditions. She is taking no medications except for an over-the-counter prenatal vitamin-mineral supplement, which she began on her own the day she administered her pregnancy self-test two weeks ago. She does not smoke nor drink alcohol. Because she does not own a car, she walks about four miles a day; however, she has been very tired and may need to decrease the number of shifts she works at the restaurant if that continues.
The social worker at the prenatal clinic determines that Deborah is eligible for WIC (Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children). This program provides:

Accepted Answer

A)  nutrition counseling. 
B)  assistance with helping women breastfeed their babies. 
C)  formula, bottles, and nipples for infant feedings. 
D)  prenatal vitamins for pregnant mothers. 
E)  breastfeeding supplies, such as breast pumps. 
A)  nutrition counseling. 
B)  assistance with helping women breastfeed their babies. 
C)  formula, bottles, and nipples for infant feedings. 
D)  prenatal vitamins for pregnant mothers. 
E)  breastfeeding supplies, such as breast pumps.

Question 4

Nutrients and oxygen travel to the developing fetus via the:

Accepted Answer

A)  placenta. 
B)  amniotic sac. 
C)  lungs. 
D)  intestines. 
E)  fallopian tubes. 
A)  placenta. 
B)  amniotic sac. 
C)  lungs. 
D)  intestines. 
E)  fallopian tubes.

Question 5

What can medical facilities do to encourage women to breastfeed their infants?

Accepted Answer

Many women choose to feed their infants

Question 6

A lactating mother wants to breastfeed, but she has a short-term prescription for antibiotics that have been shown to cross into breast milk and that could affect her baby. What solution is most appropriate in this situation to protect the health of this mother and her baby?

Accepted Answer

A)  Have the mother continue to breastfeed and monitor for the medication's effects on the baby. 
B)  Tell the mother to discontinue breastfeeding until she has finished taking her medication. 
C)  Explain that the mother should discontinue taking the medication. 
D)  Have the mother use a breast pump and discard the milk until the medication is complete. 
E)  Encourage the mother to take her medication with a large glass of water. 
A)  Have the mother continue to breastfeed and monitor for the medication's effects on the baby. 
B)  Tell the mother to discontinue breastfeeding until she has finished taking her medication. 
C)  Explain that the mother should discontinue taking the medication. 
D)  Have the mother use a breast pump and discard the milk until the medication is complete. 
E)  Encourage the mother to take her medication with a large glass of water.

Question 7

Carrie is days away from delivering her first baby. She has been contemplating breastfeeding for its nutritional and immunological benefits and has been reading about breastfeeding and talking to mothers who breastfed their babies. The birthing center where she receives prenatal care, and where she will deliver her baby, has scheduled Carrie to meet with its lactation expert. Carrie has read the birthing center's "Guide to Successful Breastfeeding" and is prepared to ask the lactation expert about relaxation techniques. Not only is Carrie "high-strung" by nature, but she is quite anxious about the childbirth process, let alone the prospect of breastfeeding. Imagine you are the lactation expert who is counseling Carrie.
Carrie can best prepare to breastfeed her infant after delivery by performing which step?

Accepted Answer

A)  r outinely applying lotion to her nipples 
B)  stop using soap and lotions on her breasts 
C)  u sing a breast pump four times daily to stimulate the letdown reflex 
D)  r egularly washing her breasts with soap and warm water 
E)  a pplying a warm wash cloth to each breast for several minutes a day 
A)  r outinely applying lotion to her nipples 
B)  stop using soap and lotions on her breasts 
C)  u sing a breast pump four times daily to stimulate the letdown reflex 
D)  r egularly washing her breasts with soap and warm water 
E)  a pplying a warm wash cloth to each breast for several minutes a day

Question 8

Menu for a Pregnant Woman Breakfast
2 scrambled eggs
1 whole-wheat English muffin
1 cup low-fat milk
Lunch
2 pieces (4 oz.) fried chicken
2 wheat rolls with butter
1/2 cup mashed potatoes and gravy
Iced tea
Dinner
3 oz. pork chop
1 piece of bread with butter
2 cups low-fat milk
What changes would most improve the adequacy of this menu?

Accepted Answer

A)  including more meat and reducing the amount of grains 
B)  including more fruits and vegetables 
C)  including more dairy products 
D)  including more sources of unsaturated fats and oils 
E)  including more milk and adding 1 to 2 sweets 
A)  including more meat and reducing the amount of grains 
B)  including more fruits and vegetables 
C)  including more dairy products 
D)  including more sources of unsaturated fats and oils 
E)  including more milk and adding 1 to 2 sweets

Question 9

The American Academy of Pediatrics and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics support exclusive breastfeeding until an infant is _____ months old.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  3 
C)  6 
D)  9 
E)  12 
A)  1 
B)  3 
C)  6 
D)  9 
E)  12

Question 10

Explain how energy needs change as pregnancy progresses.

Accepted Answer

Energy needs increase as pregnancy progr

Question 11

If a lactating woman's diet is poor, her milk:

Accepted Answer

A)  quantity will be normal but the nutrient quality will be poor. 
B)  will be thin and watery. 
C)  quality will be maintained at the expense of maternal stores. 
D)  will contain toxic products. 
E)  will dry up more quickly. 
A)  quantity will be normal but the nutrient quality will be poor. 
B)  will be thin and watery. 
C)  quality will be maintained at the expense of maternal stores. 
D)  will contain toxic products. 
E)  will dry up more quickly.

Question 12

What do experts cite as one of the most common deterrents to breastfeeding?

Accepted Answer

A)  fear and social anxiety 
B)  the medical community's failure to encourage breastfeeding 
C)  the difficulty in breastfeeding for working mothers 
D)  post-partum depression 
E)  the lack of education about how to breastfeed properly 
A)  fear and social anxiety 
B)  the medical community's failure to encourage breastfeeding 
C)  the difficulty in breastfeeding for working mothers 
D)  post-partum depression 
E)  the lack of education about how to breastfeed properly

Question 13

The only acceptable alternative to breast milk is:

Accepted Answer

A)  goat's milk. 
B)  cow's milk. 
C)  low-iron infant formula. 
D)  iron-fortified infant formula. 
E)  10 percent dextrose water. 
A)  goat's milk. 
B)  cow's milk. 
C)  low-iron infant formula. 
D)  iron-fortified infant formula. 
E)  10 percent dextrose water.

Question 14

Ample carbohydrate is needed by the pregnant woman in order to:

Accepted Answer

A)  raise blood glucose levels. 
B)  fuel the fetal brain and spare protein needed for fetal growth. 
C)  provide adequate protein. 
D)  increase glycogen stores in the fetus. 
E)  eliminate excess fat to prevent weight gain. 
A)  raise blood glucose levels. 
B)  fuel the fetal brain and spare protein needed for fetal growth. 
C)  provide adequate protein. 
D)  increase glycogen stores in the fetus. 
E)  eliminate excess fat to prevent weight gain.

Question 15

To successfully breastfeed her infant, what steps should a mother be encouraged to perform?

Accepted Answer

A)  Push the infant's face toward her nipple. 
B)  Hold her breast with her hand behind the areola. 
C)  Touch the infant's nose to her nipple. 
D)  Apply lotion to the nipple to keep it soft. 
E)  Use a breast pump prior to attempting to breastfeed. 
A)  Push the infant's face toward her nipple. 
B)  Hold her breast with her hand behind the areola. 
C)  Touch the infant's nose to her nipple. 
D)  Apply lotion to the nipple to keep it soft. 
E)  Use a breast pump prior to attempting to breastfeed.

Question 16

Mrs. Allen asks about drinking coffee during her pregnancy, stating that she "needs" to have her morning cup of coffee every day. What information regarding caffeine intake during pregnancy is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)  A woman may safely consume up to 200 mg of caffeine daily during pregnancy. 
B)  Caffeine does not cross the placental barrier, so caffeine intake need not be limited. 
C)  Caffeine has been shown to cause seizures in infants when used daily during pregnancy. 
D)  A woman may safely consume 4 to 5 caffeinated beverages per day during pregnancy. 
E)  There is no amount of caffeine that is considered safe during pregnancy and it should be avoided. 
A)  A woman may safely consume up to 200 mg of caffeine daily during pregnancy. 
B)  Caffeine does not cross the placental barrier, so caffeine intake need not be limited. 
C)  Caffeine has been shown to cause seizures in infants when used daily during pregnancy. 
D)  A woman may safely consume 4 to 5 caffeinated beverages per day during pregnancy. 
E)  There is no amount of caffeine that is considered safe during pregnancy and it should be avoided.

Question 17

Without proper management of pre-existing diabetes, a woman may face which potential complication associated with pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A)  bone loss and osteoporosis 
B)  infertility 
C)  increased pregnancy-related discomforts 
D)  neural tube defects 
E)  an increased risk of fetal demise 
A)  bone loss and osteoporosis 
B)  infertility 
C)  increased pregnancy-related discomforts 
D)  neural tube defects 
E)  an increased risk of fetal demise

Question 18

When counseling Mrs. Chamberlin regarding the heartburn she is experiencing during pregnancy, what advice should be given that would help relieve symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eat foods high in fiber. 
B)  Take iron supplements on an empty stomach. 
C)  Limit meals to three a day. 
D)  Avoid foods with offensive odors. 
E)  Do not lie down after eating. 
A)  Eat foods high in fiber. 
B)  Take iron supplements on an empty stomach. 
C)  Limit meals to three a day. 
D)  Avoid foods with offensive odors. 
E)  Do not lie down after eating.

Question 19

A pregnant mother wants to increase her intake of folate by choosing foods that are natural sources of the nutrient. The mother should be counseled to increase her intake of what food?

Accepted Answer

A)  yogurt 
B)  beets 
C)  chicken 
D)  apples 
E)  carrots 
A)  yogurt 
B)  beets 
C)  chicken 
D)  apples 
E)  carrots

Question 20

In order to best protect herself against dehydration, a lactating woman is advised to drink ____ of fluid per day.

Accepted Answer

A)  2-3 cups 
B)  8 cups 
C)  9-10 cups 
D)  13 cups 
E)  20-22 cups 
A)  2-3 cups 
B)  8 cups 
C)  9-10 cups 
D)  13 cups 
E)  20-22 cups

Individual food cravings during pregnancy often reflect real physiological needs of the pregnant woman.

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) include what associated characteristics at birth?

Nutrients and oxygen travel to the developing fetus via the:

What can medical facilities do to encourage women to breastfeed their infants?

A lactating mother wants to breastfeed, but she has a short-term prescription for antibiotics that have been shown to cross into breast milk and that could affect her baby. What solution is most appropriate in this situation to protect the health of this mother and her baby?

The American Academy of Pediatrics and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics support exclusive breastfeeding until an infant is _____ months old.

Explain how energy needs change as pregnancy progresses.

If a lactating woman's diet is poor, her milk:

What do experts cite as one of the most common deterrents to breastfeeding?

The only acceptable alternative to breast milk is:

Ample carbohydrate is needed by the pregnant woman in order to:

To successfully breastfeed her infant, what steps should a mother be encouraged to perform?

Mrs. Allen asks about drinking coffee during her pregnancy, stating that she "needs" to have her morning cup of coffee every day. What information regarding caffeine intake during pregnancy is most appropriate?

Without proper management of pre-existing diabetes, a woman may face which potential complication associated with pregnancy?

When counseling Mrs. Chamberlin regarding the heartburn she is experiencing during pregnancy, what advice should be given that would help relieve symptoms?

A pregnant mother wants to increase her intake of folate by choosing foods that are natural sources of the nutrient. The mother should be counseled to increase her intake of what food?

In order to best protect herself against dehydration, a lactating woman is advised to drink ____ of fluid per day.

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Digestion and Absorption

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Later Adulthood

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention and Diet-Drug Interactions

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition in Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Nutrition and Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Liver Diseases

Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus

Nutrition and Cardiovascular Diseases

Nutrition and Renal Diseases

Nutrition, Cancer, and Hiv Infection

Filters

Exam 10: Nutrition Through the Life Span: Pregnancy and Lactation

Individual food cravings during pregnancy often reflect real physiological needs of the pregnant woman.

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) include what associated characteristics at birth?

Nutrients and oxygen travel to the developing fetus via the:

What can medical facilities do to encourage women to breastfeed their infants?

A lactating mother wants to breastfeed, but she has a short-term prescription for antibiotics that have been shown to cross into breast milk and that could affect her baby. What solution is most appropriate in this situation to protect the health of this mother and her baby?

The American Academy of Pediatrics and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics support exclusive breastfeeding until an infant is _____ months old.

Explain how energy needs change as pregnancy progresses.

If a lactating woman's diet is poor, her milk:

What do experts cite as one of the most common deterrents to breastfeeding?

The only acceptable alternative to breast milk is:

Ample carbohydrate is needed by the pregnant woman in order to:

To successfully breastfeed her infant, what steps should a mother be encouraged to perform?

Mrs. Allen asks about drinking coffee during her pregnancy, stating that she "needs" to have her morning cup of coffee every day. What information regarding caffeine intake during pregnancy is most appropriate?

Without proper management of pre-existing diabetes, a woman may face which potential complication associated with pregnancy?

When counseling Mrs. Chamberlin regarding the heartburn she is experiencing during pregnancy, what advice should be given that would help relieve symptoms?

A pregnant mother wants to increase her intake of folate by choosing foods that are natural sources of the nutrient. The mother should be counseled to increase her intake of what food?

In order to best protect herself against dehydration, a lactating woman is advised to drink ____ of fluid per day.

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Digestion and Absorption

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Later Adulthood

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention and Diet-Drug Interactions

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition in Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Nutrition and Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Liver Diseases

Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus

Nutrition and Cardiovascular Diseases

Nutrition and Renal Diseases

Nutrition, Cancer, and Hiv Infection

Filters