Question 1

A person is in positive nitrogen balance during:

Accepted Answer

A)  growth. 
B)  old age. 
C)  exercise. 
D)  adulthood. 
E)  an infection. 
A)  growth. 
B)  old age. 
C)  exercise. 
D)  adulthood. 
E)  an infection.

Question 2

Explain the difference between an essential and a nonessential amino acid.

Accepted Answer

An essential amino acid is one

Question 3

An example of a conditionally essential amino acid is:

Accepted Answer

A)  valine. 
B)  leucine. 
C)  lysine. 
D)  tyrosine. 
E)  methionine. 
A)  valine. 
B)  leucine. 
C)  lysine. 
D)  tyrosine. 
E)  methionine.

Question 4

Under what conditions will dietary protein not be used efficiently by the body, regardless of the quality? Why does this occur?

Accepted Answer

Dietary protein will not be used efficie

Question 5

The protein requirement of a child as compared to an adult is:

Accepted Answer

A)  approximately the same. 
B)  higher. 
C)  much lower. 
D)  dependent on the activity level of the child. 
E)  not known. 
A)  approximately the same. 
B)  higher. 
C)  much lower. 
D)  dependent on the activity level of the child. 
E)  not known.

Question 6

What is the protein RDA for adults in gram(s) per kilogram of body weight?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.4 
B)  0.5 
C)  0.8 
D)  1.0 
E)  2.0 
A)  0.4 
B)  0.5 
C)  0.8 
D)  1.0 
E)  2.0

Question 7

Which of the following would you be least likely to recommend to your vegan client who is trying to increase his calcium intake?

Accepted Answer

A)  dark green, leafy vegetables. 
B)  fortified soy milk. 
C)  legumes. 
D)  fortified breakfast cereal 
E)  deep orange and yellow fruits and vegetables 
A)  dark green, leafy vegetables. 
B)  fortified soy milk. 
C)  legumes. 
D)  fortified breakfast cereal 
E)  deep orange and yellow fruits and vegetables

Question 8

Protein is:

Accepted Answer

A)  unique in that it is the only dietary component that contains oxygen. 
B)  important primarily because it builds strong bones and teeth. 
C)  made up of 20 different amino acids. 
D)  made up of branches of amino acids combined with branches of glucose. 
E)  made up of a triglyceride backbone. 
A)  unique in that it is the only dietary component that contains oxygen. 
B)  important primarily because it builds strong bones and teeth. 
C)  made up of 20 different amino acids. 
D)  made up of branches of amino acids combined with branches of glucose. 
E)  made up of a triglyceride backbone.

Question 9

A vegetarian must be careful about intakes of:

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin C and vitamin A; they may be too high. 
B)  iron and zinc; they may be too low. 
C)  iron and zinc; they may be too high. 
D)  vitamin C and vitamin A; they may be too low. 
E)  vitamin B12 and iron; they may be too high. 
A)  vitamin C and vitamin A; they may be too high. 
B)  iron and zinc; they may be too low. 
C)  iron and zinc; they may be too high. 
D)  vitamin C and vitamin A; they may be too low. 
E)  vitamin B12 and iron; they may be too high.

Question 10

The process of protein breakdown and synthesis is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  protein recovery. 
B)  the protein cycle. 
C)  protein turnover. 
D)  protein rotation. 
E)  protein digestion. 
A)  protein recovery. 
B)  the protein cycle. 
C)  protein turnover. 
D)  protein rotation. 
E)  protein digestion.

Question 11

Discuss the factors that determine protein quality. What makes a protein "high quality"?

Accepted Answer

Protein quality is determined

Question 12

The component that distinguishes one amino acid from another is its:

Accepted Answer

A)  side group. 
B)  backbone. 
C)  amino group. 
D)  acid group. 
E)  coils. 
A)  side group. 
B)  backbone. 
C)  amino group. 
D)  acid group. 
E)  coils.

Question 13

One of the reasons why acid-base balance is so important for the body is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  highly acidic conditions cause vital proteins to denature. 
B)  highly acidic conditions cause the destruction of certain fatty acids. 
C)  acid-base imbalances contribute to the destruction of hormones. 
D)  acid-base imbalances compromise growth in children. 
E)  highly alkaline conditions cause excess iron loss. 
A)  highly acidic conditions cause vital proteins to denature. 
B)  highly acidic conditions cause the destruction of certain fatty acids. 
C)  acid-base imbalances contribute to the destruction of hormones. 
D)  acid-base imbalances compromise growth in children. 
E)  highly alkaline conditions cause excess iron loss.

Question 14

Describe the role of protein in maintaining the body's acid-base balance.

Accepted Answer

Proteins, such as albumin, hel

Question 15

Differentiate between severe acute malnutrition and chronic malnutrition.

Accepted Answer

Severe acute malnutrition (SAM is caused

Question 16

The term "non-essential," as it applies to amino acids, means that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the body does not require them. 
B)  they differ in their capacity to support growth. 
C)  the body can make those it lacks. 
D)  they are not used to synthesize tissue. 
E)  they must be consumed as part of the diet. 
A)  the body does not require them. 
B)  they differ in their capacity to support growth. 
C)  the body can make those it lacks. 
D)  they are not used to synthesize tissue. 
E)  they must be consumed as part of the diet.

Question 17

The DRI committee that reviewed the safety of amino acid supplements was unable to set Tolerable Upper Intake Levels for safe supplement use. Limited safety research on amino acid use means that no level of amino acid supplementation can be assumed safe for all groups of people.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following non-meat mixtures provides the least high-quality protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  black beans and rice 
B)  pasta with broccoli, peppers, and sesame seeds 
C)  peanut butter and whole-wheat bread sandwich 
D)  stir-fried cabbage, squash, and green peppers 
E)  pad thai with tofu and eggs 
A)  black beans and rice 
B)  pasta with broccoli, peppers, and sesame seeds 
C)  peanut butter and whole-wheat bread sandwich 
D)  stir-fried cabbage, squash, and green peppers 
E)  pad thai with tofu and eggs

Question 19

A measure of the amount of amino acids absorbed from a given protein intake is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  protein quality. 
B)  net protein utilization. 
C)  protein coefficient. 
D)  protein efficiency ratio. 
E)  protein digestibility. 
A)  protein quality. 
B)  net protein utilization. 
C)  protein coefficient. 
D)  protein efficiency ratio. 
E)  protein digestibility.

Question 20

Enzymes:

Accepted Answer

A)  are made up of carbohydrate. 
B)  are essential to all life processes. 
C)  are altered by the chemical reactions they facilitate. 
D)  are essential nutrients. 
E)  must be taken in through the diet. 
A)  are made up of carbohydrate. 
B)  are essential to all life processes. 
C)  are altered by the chemical reactions they facilitate. 
D)  are essential nutrients. 
E)  must be taken in through the diet.

Exam 5: Protein

A person is in positive nitrogen balance during:

Explain the difference between an essential and a nonessential amino acid.

An example of a conditionally essential amino acid is:

Under what conditions will dietary protein not be used efficiently by the body, regardless of the quality? Why does this occur?

The protein requirement of a child as compared to an adult is:

What is the protein RDA for adults in gram(s) per kilogram of body weight?

Which of the following would you be least likely to recommend to your vegan client who is trying to increase his calcium intake?

Protein is:

A vegetarian must be careful about intakes of:

The process of protein breakdown and synthesis is called:

Discuss the factors that determine protein quality. What makes a protein "high quality"?

The component that distinguishes one amino acid from another is its:

One of the reasons why acid-base balance is so important for the body is that:

Describe the role of protein in maintaining the body's acid-base balance.

Differentiate between severe acute malnutrition and chronic malnutrition.

The term "non-essential," as it applies to amino acids, means that:

The DRI committee that reviewed the safety of amino acid supplements was unable to set Tolerable Upper Intake Levels for safe supplement use. Limited safety research on amino acid use means that no level of amino acid supplementation can be assumed safe for all groups of people.

Which of the following non-meat mixtures provides the least high-quality protein?

A measure of the amount of amino acids absorbed from a given protein intake is called:

Enzymes:

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Digestion and Absorption

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Later Adulthood

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention and Diet-Drug Interactions

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition in Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Nutrition and Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Liver Diseases

Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus

Nutrition and Cardiovascular Diseases

Nutrition and Renal Diseases

Nutrition, Cancer, and Hiv Infection

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