Question 1

Figure 41.9 
-Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which number identifies the tympanic membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  5 
C)  6 
D)  8 
E)  10 
A)  4 
B)  5 
C)  6 
D)  8 
E)  10

Question 2

Which statement about rods and cones in the eye is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cones respond to particular wavelengths (colors) of light, while rods perceive light at low intensity without color perception. 
B)  Rods respond to particular wavelengths (colors) of light, while cones perceive light at low intensities without color perception. 
C)  Cones are more sensitive to single photons of light than rods. 
D)  Nocturnal animals have a high concentration of cones and relatively few rods. 
E)  Humans have approximately equal numbers of rods and cones, but the cones are primarily localized in the fovea. 
A)  Cones respond to particular wavelengths (colors) of light, while rods perceive light at low intensity without color perception. 
B)  Rods respond to particular wavelengths (colors) of light, while cones perceive light at low intensities without color perception. 
C)  Cones are more sensitive to single photons of light than rods. 
D)  Nocturnal animals have a high concentration of cones and relatively few rods. 
E)  Humans have approximately equal numbers of rods and cones, but the cones are primarily localized in the fovea.

Question 3

Humans have different thermoreceptors for heat and cold.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

In the mammalian eye, the lens focuses an image ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  across the entire surface of the retina 
B)  primarily on the fovea 
C)  on the rods only 
D)  slightly in front of the retina 
E)  it varies based on where you are looking 
A)  across the entire surface of the retina 
B)  primarily on the fovea 
C)  on the rods only 
D)  slightly in front of the retina 
E)  it varies based on where you are looking

Question 5

Substance P activates chemoreceptors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Vertigo is the sensation of dizziness. Which structure is most likely involved in this sensation?

Accepted Answer

A)  basilar membrane 
B)  pinna 
C)  semicircular canals 
D)  stapes 
E)  oval window 
A)  basilar membrane 
B)  pinna 
C)  semicircular canals 
D)  stapes 
E)  oval window

Question 7

Match between columns
                        Premises: perceives damage in some internal organs
used to detect motion of an organism's own body
detects an increase in pressure against the skin
perceives light energy
stimulus may result in a sensation of pain
detects the flow of heat energy
perceives specific chemical conditions, such as alkalinity
detects specific molecules, such as glucose

Accepted Answer

The Answer of mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors and thermoreceptors and photoreceptors is...

Question 8

In retinal visual processing, the ____ receive synaptic signals from the bipolar cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  ganglion cells 
B)  amacrine cells 
C)  cones 
D)  rods 
E)  horizontal cells 
A)  ganglion cells 
B)  amacrine cells 
C)  cones 
D)  rods 
E)  horizontal cells

Question 9

The lateral line system in fish comprises multiple ____ that allow fish to detect vibrations and water currents.

Accepted Answer

A)  statoliths 
B)  neuromasts 
C)  statocysts 
D)  stereocilia 
E)  cupulas 
A)  statoliths 
B)  neuromasts 
C)  statocysts 
D)  stereocilia 
E)  cupulas

Question 10

Which type of receptor is used by an owl to visually detect the movement of prey?

Accepted Answer

A)  mechanoreceptors 
B)  photoreceptors 
C)  chemoreceptors 
D)  thermoreceptors 
E)  nociceptors 
A)  mechanoreceptors 
B)  photoreceptors 
C)  chemoreceptors 
D)  thermoreceptors 
E)  nociceptors

Question 11

Taste buds are ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  really just modified sensilla 
B)  found only on the tongue in humans 
C)  collections of papilla that respond to different stimuli 
D)  small capsules of cells, each with a pore at the top though which sensory hairs project and interact with environmental molecules 
E)  able to respond to all flavors simultaneously through sensory hairs that connect to papillae 
A)  really just modified sensilla 
B)  found only on the tongue in humans 
C)  collections of papilla that respond to different stimuli 
D)  small capsules of cells, each with a pore at the top though which sensory hairs project and interact with environmental molecules 
E)  able to respond to all flavors simultaneously through sensory hairs that connect to papillae

Question 12

In invertebrates, the hairs of taste receptors ____, while those of smell receptors ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  directly contact the stimulus; indirectly contact the stimulus 
B)  are derived from microvilli and contain microfilaments; are derived from cilia and contain microtubules 
C)  transmit signals to the temporal lobes; transmit signals to the parietal lobes 
D)  perceive taste and pain stimuli; perceive odors and taste stimuli 
E)  detect airborne molecules; function as chemoreceptors 
A)  directly contact the stimulus; indirectly contact the stimulus 
B)  are derived from microvilli and contain microfilaments; are derived from cilia and contain microtubules 
C)  transmit signals to the temporal lobes; transmit signals to the parietal lobes 
D)  perceive taste and pain stimuli; perceive odors and taste stimuli 
E)  detect airborne molecules; function as chemoreceptors

Question 13

Nociceptors consist of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory receptors enclosing an afferent neuron 
B)  sensory receptors formed by a cell that synapses with an afferent neuron 
C)  free nerve endings of afferent neurons 
D)  stereocilia 
E)  statocysts 
A)  sensory receptors enclosing an afferent neuron 
B)  sensory receptors formed by a cell that synapses with an afferent neuron 
C)  free nerve endings of afferent neurons 
D)  stereocilia 
E)  statocysts

Question 14

How do photoreceptors regenerate inactive cis -retinal?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cell degrades the active form and synthesizes new, inactive proteins. 
B)  Enzymes convert trans -retinal back to the inactive conformation 
C)  trans -retinal reverts back to the inactive state on its own. 
D)  Active trans -retinal is digested by proteases to regenerate the inactive form. 
E)  The mechanism is not known. 
A)  The cell degrades the active form and synthesizes new, inactive proteins. 
B)  Enzymes convert trans -retinal back to the inactive conformation 
C)  trans -retinal reverts back to the inactive state on its own. 
D)  Active trans -retinal is digested by proteases to regenerate the inactive form. 
E)  The mechanism is not known.

Question 15

While some people love cilantro, others think it tastes like soap. This is due to a mutation in a receptor that binds to the airborne aldehydes found in cilantro. Which type of receptors is most likely affected by this mutation?

Accepted Answer

A)  nociceptors 
B)  thermoreceptors 
C)  chemoreceptors 
D)  mechanoreceptors 
E)  photoreceptors 
A)  nociceptors 
B)  thermoreceptors 
C)  chemoreceptors 
D)  mechanoreceptors 
E)  photoreceptors

Question 16

All animals perceive light using different forms of a pigment called retinal .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

In mammalian eyes, light must pass through neural cells to reach the photoreceptors in the retina.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Explain the general process of sensory transduction.

Accepted Answer

Sensory transduction is when a particula

Question 19

An insect, such as a moth or cricket, detects sound ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  though specialized tympanic membranes located near the head 
B)  through a thinned region of the exoskeleton that forms a tympanum 
C)  through general mechanoreceptors on its skin 
D)  by using a specialized organ that measures the frequency of vibration of the surrounding air particles 
E)  through a series of mechanoreceptors arranged in a lateral line 
A)  though specialized tympanic membranes located near the head 
B)  through a thinned region of the exoskeleton that forms a tympanum 
C)  through general mechanoreceptors on its skin 
D)  by using a specialized organ that measures the frequency of vibration of the surrounding air particles 
E)  through a series of mechanoreceptors arranged in a lateral line

Question 20

The combined function of the malleus, incus, and stapes is to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  convert the mechanical vibration of the tympanic membrane into a pressure wave in the cochlear duct 
B)  amplify the vibrations of the ear drum 
C)  equalize the pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane 
D)  convert the oval window's vibrations into vibrations of the tympanic membrane 
E)  dampen the vibrations of the tympanic membrane 
A)  convert the mechanical vibration of the tympanic membrane into a pressure wave in the cochlear duct 
B)  amplify the vibrations of the ear drum 
C)  equalize the pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane 
D)  convert the oval window's vibrations into vibrations of the tympanic membrane 
E)  dampen the vibrations of the tympanic membrane

Exam 41: Sensory Systems

Figure 41.9 -Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which number identifies the tympanic membrane?

Which statement about rods and cones in the eye is correct?

Humans have different thermoreceptors for heat and cold.

In the mammalian eye, the lens focuses an image ____.

Substance P activates chemoreceptors.

Vertigo is the sensation of dizziness. Which structure is most likely involved in this sensation?

In retinal visual processing, the ____ receive synaptic signals from the bipolar cells.

The lateral line system in fish comprises multiple ____ that allow fish to detect vibrations and water currents.

Which type of receptor is used by an owl to visually detect the movement of prey?

Taste buds are ____.

In invertebrates, the hairs of taste receptors ____, while those of smell receptors ____.

Nociceptors consist of ____.

How do photoreceptors regenerate inactive cis -retinal?

While some people love cilantro, others think it tastes like soap. This is due to a mutation in a receptor that binds to the airborne aldehydes found in cilantro. Which type of receptors is most likely affected by this mutation?

All animals perceive light using different forms of a pigment called retinal .

In mammalian eyes, light must pass through neural cells to reach the photoreceptors in the retina.

Explain the general process of sensory transduction.

An insect, such as a moth or cricket, detects sound ____.

The combined function of the malleus, incus, and stapes is to ____.

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Expression: From Dna to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technology: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Digestive Systems and Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment: Osmoregulation, Excretion, and Thermoregulation

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

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In invertebrates, the hairs of taste receptors , while those of smell receptors .