Question 1

The loudness of a sound depends on the ____ of the sound wave.

Accepted Answer

A)  wavelength 
B)  amplitude 
C)  frequency 
D)  type 
E)  substance 
A)  wavelength 
B)  amplitude 
C)  frequency 
D)  type 
E)  substance

Question 2

Which animal would you expect to have the most diverse olfactory receptors to enhance their sense of smell?

Accepted Answer

A)  dog 
B)  monkey 
C)  human 
D)  angelfish 
E)  earthworm 
A)  dog 
B)  monkey 
C)  human 
D)  angelfish 
E)  earthworm

Question 3

If a person has fully functional eyes, except for the absence of a lens, they would ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  be totally blind 
B)  be able to perceive light and even respond to different light intensities 
C)  be able to perceive light and even colors (solid color over a large area), but not details 
D)  be able to see some details and read print, but only if the text were written in large, black letters 
E)  have normal vision if given glasses 
A)  be totally blind 
B)  be able to perceive light and even respond to different light intensities 
C)  be able to perceive light and even colors (solid color over a large area), but not details 
D)  be able to see some details and read print, but only if the text were written in large, black letters 
E)  have normal vision if given glasses

Question 4

Moths evade bats by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  becoming invisible to the bat's echolocation signals 
B)  flying in straight-line flight patterns 
C)  detecting the bats echolocation clicks 
D)  flying only in erratic patterns 
E)  flying primarily in the daylight hours 
A)  becoming invisible to the bat's echolocation signals 
B)  flying in straight-line flight patterns 
C)  detecting the bats echolocation clicks 
D)  flying only in erratic patterns 
E)  flying primarily in the daylight hours

Question 5

Which mechanoreceptor(s) responds to light touch?

Accepted Answer

A)  free nerve endings only 
B)  Pacinian corpuscles only 
C)  Ruffini endings only 
D)  free nerve endings and Meissner's corpuscles 
E)  Pacinian corpuscles and Ruffini endings 
A)  free nerve endings only 
B)  Pacinian corpuscles only 
C)  Ruffini endings only 
D)  free nerve endings and Meissner's corpuscles 
E)  Pacinian corpuscles and Ruffini endings

Question 6

When light is absorbed by rhodopsin, ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  discs from the outer segment of the rods and cones begin to grow 
B)  discs from the outer segment begin to shed 
C)  cis -retinal is converted to trans -retinal 
D)  trans -retinal is converted to cis -retinal 
E)  the inner segment of the rods and cones releases neurotransmitters 
A)  discs from the outer segment of the rods and cones begin to grow 
B)  discs from the outer segment begin to shed 
C)  cis -retinal is converted to trans -retinal 
D)  trans -retinal is converted to cis -retinal 
E)  the inner segment of the rods and cones releases neurotransmitters

Question 7

Mechanical receptors can be used to stun or kill prey.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Explain how proprioceptors work.

Accepted Answer

Proprioceptors allow the central nervous

Question 9

Figure 41.9
-Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which label identifies the structure through which the vibrations of the oval window pass?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  5 
E)  7 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  5 
E)  7

Question 10

The outer segments of cones and rods contain ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  metabolic machinery 
B)  light-inhibiting photopigments 
C)  light-absorbing photopigments 
D)  synaptic terminal 
E)  ciliary muscles 
A)  metabolic machinery 
B)  light-inhibiting photopigments 
C)  light-absorbing photopigments 
D)  synaptic terminal 
E)  ciliary muscles

Question 11

In the context of vision, what does accommodation mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  Accommodation is the lack of receptor response to continuous light signals. 
B)  Accommodation refers to changing the shape of the lens. 
C)  Accommodation is the movement of the lens closer to or further away from the retina in order to focus the image. 
D)  Accommodation keeps the lens under tension to allow for image focusing. 
E)  Accommodation prevents light from scattering upon entry to the eye. 
A)  Accommodation is the lack of receptor response to continuous light signals. 
B)  Accommodation refers to changing the shape of the lens. 
C)  Accommodation is the movement of the lens closer to or further away from the retina in order to focus the image. 
D)  Accommodation keeps the lens under tension to allow for image focusing. 
E)  Accommodation prevents light from scattering upon entry to the eye.

Question 12

What is the function of pain?

Accepted Answer

A)  It causes an organism to move away from, or otherwise decrease exposure to, a damaging stimulus. 
B)  It stimulates the brain to release endorphins to prevent an addiction. 
C)  It protects an organism from encountering harmful conditions. 
D)  It works faster than conscious thought. 
E)  It causes an organism's heart rate to increase to deliver more blood to a damaged body part. 
A)  It causes an organism to move away from, or otherwise decrease exposure to, a damaging stimulus. 
B)  It stimulates the brain to release endorphins to prevent an addiction. 
C)  It protects an organism from encountering harmful conditions. 
D)  It works faster than conscious thought. 
E)  It causes an organism's heart rate to increase to deliver more blood to a damaged body part.

Question 13

Mutations in opsin proteins in the cones will lead to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  difficulty seeing at night 
B)  colorblindness 
C)  complete blindness 
D)  tunnel vision 
E)  cortical blindness 
A)  difficulty seeing at night 
B)  colorblindness 
C)  complete blindness 
D)  tunnel vision 
E)  cortical blindness

Question 14

Figure 41.9
-Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which structure vibrates and bends the sensory hairs?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5

Question 15

The simplest eye structure, which is able to perceive light but not form an image, is called a(n) ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  compound eye 
B)  single-lens eye 
C)  ocellus 
D)  ommatidia 
E)  photoreceptor 
A)  compound eye 
B)  single-lens eye 
C)  ocellus 
D)  ommatidia 
E)  photoreceptor

Question 16

Electroreceptors ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  are only used by fishes for navigational purposes 
B)  can be used for communication between primates 
C)  can receive, but not produce, electrical signals 
D)  generate electrical fields within special electric organs in some invertebrates 
E)  function in communication, navigation, and hunting 
A)  are only used by fishes for navigational purposes 
B)  can be used for communication between primates 
C)  can receive, but not produce, electrical signals 
D)  generate electrical fields within special electric organs in some invertebrates 
E)  function in communication, navigation, and hunting

Question 17

Glaucoma is a disease of the eye, often caused by an increase in intraocular pressure. This increased intraocular pressure is most likely caused by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  loss of lens opacity 
B)  increase in vitreous humor production 
C)  increase in the size of the fovea 
D)  increase in the thickness of the cornea 
E)  contraction of the ciliary muscle 
A)  loss of lens opacity 
B)  increase in vitreous humor production 
C)  increase in the size of the fovea 
D)  increase in the thickness of the cornea 
E)  contraction of the ciliary muscle

Question 18

Figure 41.9
-Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which label identifies the sensory hair cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  4 
D)  5 
E)  6 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  4 
D)  5 
E)  6

Question 19

Many invertebrates have separate and differentiated receptors for taste and smell, while others have a single receptor for both.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Only ____ make direct contact with brain interneurons rather than afferent neurons.

Accepted Answer

A)  olfactory receptors 
B)  taste receptors 
C)  chemoreceptors 
D)  mechanoreceptors 
E)  photoreceptors 
A)  olfactory receptors 
B)  taste receptors 
C)  chemoreceptors 
D)  mechanoreceptors 
E)  photoreceptors

Exam 41: Sensory Systems

The loudness of a sound depends on the ____ of the sound wave.

Which animal would you expect to have the most diverse olfactory receptors to enhance their sense of smell?

If a person has fully functional eyes, except for the absence of a lens, they would ____.

Moths evade bats by ____.

Which mechanoreceptor(s) responds to light touch?

When light is absorbed by rhodopsin, ____.

Mechanical receptors can be used to stun or kill prey.

Explain how proprioceptors work.

Figure 41.9 -Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which label identifies the structure through which the vibrations of the oval window pass?

The outer segments of cones and rods contain ____.

In the context of vision, what does accommodation mean?

What is the function of pain?

Mutations in opsin proteins in the cones will lead to ____.

Figure 41.9 -Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which structure vibrates and bends the sensory hairs?

The simplest eye structure, which is able to perceive light but not form an image, is called a(n) ____.

Electroreceptors ____.

Glaucoma is a disease of the eye, often caused by an increase in intraocular pressure. This increased intraocular pressure is most likely caused by ____.

Figure 41.9 -Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which label identifies the sensory hair cells?

Many invertebrates have separate and differentiated receptors for taste and smell, while others have a single receptor for both.

Only ____ make direct contact with brain interneurons rather than afferent neurons.

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Expression: From Dna to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technology: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Digestive Systems and Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment: Osmoregulation, Excretion, and Thermoregulation

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

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