Exam 32: Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

All living species in the Osteichthyes clade have endoskeletons composed entirely of cartilage.

How are echinoderms uniquely different than other deuterostomes?

While lancelets, members of the lineage ____, live mostly buried in the sand in warm, shallow marine habitats, they do have well-developed segmented muscles and can move.

Which feature is a unique, derived trait present in all birds?

The opossum and kangaroos are living members of the ____ mammalian lineage.

Turtles are members of the ____ reptilian lineage.

Acorn worms, members of the phylum ____, use their mucus-coated proboscis to construct U-shaped burrows to trap food particles.

Salamanders belong to the ____ lineage.

Based on the fossil record, which group appeared first?

Cnidarians have ____ Hox gene complex(es) while fishes have as many as ___.

How might Devonian osteolepiforms have facilitated the transition of animals to land?

Most Devonian osteolepiforms had strong, stout fins that enabled them to crawl on the muddy bottom of shallow pools.

The ___ Echinoderm lineage is composed of sea stars, each with a central disk surrounded by 5 to 20 "arms."

Which mammalian lineage contains organisms that lay eggs?

All living amphibians are herbivorous as adults.

In chordates, the notochord forms from the endoderm layer that is ventral to the developing digestive system.

Which substance is a typical source of nutrients and water for developing amniote embryos?

Echinoderms achieve locomotion by using their water vascular system.

Dating to about 3.5 to 3 million years ago, the famous fossil "Lucy," found in northern Ethiopia, represents a member of ____.