Exam 3: Chemical, Biological, and Physiological Aspects of Nutrition

The _____ is/are responsible for removing urea from the body

Gastric pit cells that release their secretions into the blood are called _____ cells

If the movement of molecules in the body requires ATP and a transport protein, the transport system is _____

The ionization of acid molecules is the basis for the pH scale

Elemental iron is composed of _____ atoms

Two types of inflammatory bowel disease are _______________, which usually affects the ileum and/or first portion of the large intestine, and _______________, which causes chronic inflammation of the colon

What sphincter separates the esophagus and the stomach?

If the pH of one glass of lemonade is 4 and the pH of a second glass of lemonade is 5, the second glass of lemonade is _____ than the first glass

The absorptive surface of the small intestine is called the _____

In the form of passive transport called _______________ a substance crosses a cell membrane with the assistance of a transport protein

Egestion refers to the process whereby urine is eliminated from the body

A peptic ulcer results when the unprotected lining of the esophagus is repeatedly exposed to gastric juice

Why are hormones critical to the proper functioning of the body?

When food is chewed and mixed with saliva in preparation for swallowing, what is the resulting substance called?

The process whereby nutrients are transported across enterocytes and taken up into circulation is called _____

Of the two types of movement in the GI tract, which is the vigorous propulsion of food through the tract?

The accessory organs are organs that participate in digestion but are not part of the GI tract, and include the _____

Positively charged particles are called neutrons

The gastroesophageal sphincter regulates the movement of food from the stomach into the duodenum

Water and _____ are reabsorbed in the large intestine