Question 1

Match the idea with the individual.
-Noam Chomsky

Accepted Answer

A) argued behavioral freedom is illusory and we should accept the inevitability of control,and deliberately design our environments to shape behavior to socially desirable ends 
B) argued parents should take control of their children's environments to ensure adaptive conditioned reflexes develop.Recommended that parents avoid hugs and kisses in favor of a firm handshake for a job well done 
C) argued that behaviorist theories of language were inadequate to account for the theoretical levels in which grammatical structure is represented 
D) attempted to account for various mental illnesses in terms of too much or too little excitation or inhibition,weakened cortical neurons,and other components of ex-perimental neuroses 
A) argued behavioral freedom is illusory and we should accept the inevitability of control,and deliberately design our environments to shape behavior to socially desirable ends 
B) argued parents should take control of their children's environments to ensure adaptive conditioned reflexes develop.Recommended that parents avoid hugs and kisses in favor of a firm handshake for a job well done 
C) argued that behaviorist theories of language were inadequate to account for the theoretical levels in which grammatical structure is represented 
D) attempted to account for various mental illnesses in terms of too much or too little excitation or inhibition,weakened cortical neurons,and other components of ex-perimental neuroses

Question 2

The primary conditioned stimulus employed in Watson and Rayner's production of a conditioned emotional reaction in Little Albert was

Accepted Answer

A)  the sudden restriction of his movement. 
B)  a white rat. 
C)  the loud clanging of a steel bar. 
D)  a Santa Claus mask. 
A)  the sudden restriction of his movement. 
B)  a white rat. 
C)  the loud clanging of a steel bar. 
D)  a Santa Claus mask.

Question 3

Match the definition with the term.
-fixed-ratio reinforcement schedule

Accepted Answer

A) an operant conditioning schedule in which only the first response after the pas-sage of some specified period of time is reinforced 
B) an operant conditioning schedule in which reinforcement occurs after randomly varying numbers of responses have been made 
C) an operant conditioning schedule in which responses are reinforced only after a preset number of responses have been made 
D) an operant conditioning schedule in which responses are reinforced after random-ly varying intervals of time 
A) an operant conditioning schedule in which only the first response after the pas-sage of some specified period of time is reinforced 
B) an operant conditioning schedule in which reinforcement occurs after randomly varying numbers of responses have been made 
C) an operant conditioning schedule in which responses are reinforced only after a preset number of responses have been made 
D) an operant conditioning schedule in which responses are reinforced after random-ly varying intervals of time

Question 4

John B.Watson's Ph.D.research at the University of Chicago dealt with what?

Accepted Answer

A)  an introspective analysis of fear 
B)  the nervous system and behavior of developing white rats 
C)  physiological aspects of the conditioned love response 
D)  the effectiveness of an experimental project in progressive education 
A)  an introspective analysis of fear 
B)  the nervous system and behavior of developing white rats 
C)  physiological aspects of the conditioned love response 
D)  the effectiveness of an experimental project in progressive education

Question 5

Define latent learning.

Accepted Answer

Learning that can occur incide

Question 6

According to John B.Watson,a properly "behavioristic" psychology would do all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  rule out subjective methods of investigation. 
B)  rely heavily on studies of reaction time and mental chronometry. 
C)  make no qualitative distinction between human and animal behaviors. 
D)  make the prediction and control of behavior its major goals. 
A)  rule out subjective methods of investigation. 
B)  rely heavily on studies of reaction time and mental chronometry. 
C)  make no qualitative distinction between human and animal behaviors. 
D)  make the prediction and control of behavior its major goals.

Question 7

In Pavlovian conditioning,when a new stimulus similar to the conditioned stimulus is presented and it elicits a weakened version of the conditioned response,the phenomenon is called

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulus carry-over. 
B)  association by similarity. 
C)  response degeneration. 
D)  generalization. 
A)  stimulus carry-over. 
B)  association by similarity. 
C)  response degeneration. 
D)  generalization.

Question 8

Match the study with the individual by whom it was conducted.
-Edward Chace Tolman

Accepted Answer

A) study of maze learning in which rats were allowed to roam freely and rewards for successful navigation were only introduced on the eleventh day 
B) the Little Albert study of conditioned emotional reactions 
C) the Little Peter study of the elimination of fear through conditioning 
A) study of maze learning in which rats were allowed to roam freely and rewards for successful navigation were only introduced on the eleventh day 
B) the Little Albert study of conditioned emotional reactions 
C) the Little Peter study of the elimination of fear through conditioning

Question 9

When Watson wrote,"Give me a dozen healthy infants,well formed,and my own specified world to bring them up in and I'll guarantee you to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select," he was expressing a viewpoint known as

Accepted Answer

A)  pragmatism. 
B)  genetic determinism. 
C)  radical environmentalism. 
D)  neobehaviorism. 
A)  pragmatism. 
B)  genetic determinism. 
C)  radical environmentalism. 
D)  neobehaviorism.

Question 10

The three unconditioned emotional reactions that Watson was able to find in human infants were

Accepted Answer

A)  fear, rage, and sorrow. 
B)  anger, love, and joy. 
C)  fear, rage, and love. 
D)  anger, fear, and joy. 
A)  fear, rage, and sorrow. 
B)  anger, love, and joy. 
C)  fear, rage, and love. 
D)  anger, fear, and joy.

Question 11

What did Watson say about unconscious thought in his textbook,Behaviorism?

Accepted Answer

A)  It does not exist. 
B)  It is explainable as a sequence of nonverbal (kinesthetic or visceral) reactions. 
C)  It is explainable as a chain of low-level verbal or vocal responses. 
D)  It may exist, but it is incapable of being studied by a scientific psychology. 
A)  It does not exist. 
B)  It is explainable as a sequence of nonverbal (kinesthetic or visceral) reactions. 
C)  It is explainable as a chain of low-level verbal or vocal responses. 
D)  It may exist, but it is incapable of being studied by a scientific psychology.

Question 12

In Pavlovian conditioning,if two different tones are randomly presented many times each but only one of the tones is reinforced each time by the presentation of food powder,a process called __________ gradually occurs so that only the reinforced tone retains the capacity to elicit a conditioned salivary response.

Accepted Answer

A)  backwards conditioning 
B)  differentiation 
C)  extinction 
D)  generalization 
A)  backwards conditioning 
B)  differentiation 
C)  extinction 
D)  generalization

Question 13

Describe the Little Peter study.

Accepted Answer

A study by Mary Cover Jones,supervised b

Question 14

Match the study with the individual by whom it was conducted.
-Rosalie Rayner

Accepted Answer

A) study of maze learning in which rats were allowed to roam freely and rewards for successful navigation were only introduced on the eleventh day 
B) the Little Albert study of conditioned emotional reactions 
C) the Little Peter study of the elimination of fear through conditioning 
A) study of maze learning in which rats were allowed to roam freely and rewards for successful navigation were only introduced on the eleventh day 
B) the Little Albert study of conditioned emotional reactions 
C) the Little Peter study of the elimination of fear through conditioning

Question 15

What eventually became of B.F.Skinner's two daughters?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both went on to careers as behavioristic psychologists who promoted their father's theories. 
B)  Both went on to successful careers but were also subject to depression, leading to the suicide of one of them. 
C)  One became a lawyer while the other became a hippie and member of a rock band. 
D)  One became a successful artist and the other an educational psychologist. 
A)  Both went on to careers as behavioristic psychologists who promoted their father's theories. 
B)  Both went on to successful careers but were also subject to depression, leading to the suicide of one of them. 
C)  One became a lawyer while the other became a hippie and member of a rock band. 
D)  One became a successful artist and the other an educational psychologist.

Question 16

Match the figure with the term associated with his theory.
-behaviorism

Accepted Answer

A) B.F.Skinner 
B) Clark Hull 
C) Edward Chace Tolman 
D) Ivan Petrovich Pavlov 
E) John Broadus Watson 
A) B.F.Skinner 
B) Clark Hull 
C) Edward Chace Tolman 
D) Ivan Petrovich Pavlov 
E) John Broadus Watson

Question 17

Match the definition with the term.
-unconditioned reflex

Accepted Answer

A) new stimulus-response connections formed through classical conditioning 
B) occurs when a conditioned response is first established to one stimulus,which then goes on to serve as the unconditioned stimulus in a further series of pairings with another conditioned stimulus 
C) occurs when dissimilar stimuli are presented repeatedly but only one is reinforced by a succeeding unconditioned stimulus 
D) the elicitation of a newly formed stimulus-response connection by a similar,but not identical,stimulus 
E) the innate and automatic reaction that must exist prior to any conditioning or learning 
A) new stimulus-response connections formed through classical conditioning 
B) occurs when a conditioned response is first established to one stimulus,which then goes on to serve as the unconditioned stimulus in a further series of pairings with another conditioned stimulus 
C) occurs when dissimilar stimuli are presented repeatedly but only one is reinforced by a succeeding unconditioned stimulus 
D) the elicitation of a newly formed stimulus-response connection by a similar,but not identical,stimulus 
E) the innate and automatic reaction that must exist prior to any conditioning or learning

Question 18

Who was the person most responsible for promoting "behaviorism" as a distinct approach to psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ivan Pavlov 
B)  John B. Watson 
C)  B.F. Skinner 
D)  Ivan Sechenov 
A)  Ivan Pavlov 
B)  John B. Watson 
C)  B.F. Skinner 
D)  Ivan Sechenov

Question 19

Skinner's utopian novel Walden Two describes a society

Accepted Answer

A)  governed by the principles of classical liberal political theory. 
B)  whose members' behavior is partly controlled by chemicals. 
C)  whose members' behavior is completely determined by positive reinforcement. 
D)  whose members' behavior is completely controlled by the balanced use of positive and negative reinforcement. 
A)  governed by the principles of classical liberal political theory. 
B)  whose members' behavior is partly controlled by chemicals. 
C)  whose members' behavior is completely determined by positive reinforcement. 
D)  whose members' behavior is completely controlled by the balanced use of positive and negative reinforcement.

Question 20

Match the definition with the term.
-behavior analysis

Accepted Answer

A) a contemporary discipline comprising experimental,applied,and philosophical branches that use Skinner's ideas 
B) a technique in which a pleasant stimulus is presented at the same time as a fear-evoking stimulus with the hope that over repeated exposures,the fearful response will be eliminated 
C) an educational technique that breaks down complicated subjects into simple com-ponents that can be presented in order of increasing difficulty 
D) learning that occurs incidentally and without immediate reinforcement 
A) a contemporary discipline comprising experimental,applied,and philosophical branches that use Skinner's ideas 
B) a technique in which a pleasant stimulus is presented at the same time as a fear-evoking stimulus with the hope that over repeated exposures,the fearful response will be eliminated 
C) an educational technique that breaks down complicated subjects into simple com-ponents that can be presented in order of increasing difficulty 
D) learning that occurs incidentally and without immediate reinforcement

Match the idea with the individual. -Noam Chomsky

The primary conditioned stimulus employed in Watson and Rayner's production of a conditioned emotional reaction in Little Albert was

Match the definition with the term. -fixed-ratio reinforcement schedule

John B.Watson's Ph.D.research at the University of Chicago dealt with what?

Define latent learning.

According to John B.Watson,a properly "behavioristic" psychology would do all of the following EXCEPT

In Pavlovian conditioning,when a new stimulus similar to the conditioned stimulus is presented and it elicits a weakened version of the conditioned response,the phenomenon is called

Match the study with the individual by whom it was conducted. -Edward Chace Tolman

When Watson wrote,"Give me a dozen healthy infants,well formed,and my own specified world to bring them up in and I'll guarantee you to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select," he was expressing a viewpoint known as

The three unconditioned emotional reactions that Watson was able to find in human infants were

What did Watson say about unconscious thought in his textbook,Behaviorism?

Describe the Little Peter study.

Match the study with the individual by whom it was conducted. -Rosalie Rayner

What eventually became of B.F.Skinner's two daughters?

Match the figure with the term associated with his theory. -behaviorism

Match the definition with the term. -unconditioned reflex

Who was the person most responsible for promoting "behaviorism" as a distinct approach to psychology?

Skinner's utopian novel Walden Two describes a society

Match the definition with the term. -behavior analysis

Introduction: Studying the History of Psychology

Foundational Ideas from Antiquity

Pioneering Philosophers of Mind: Descartes, Locke, and Leibniz

Physiologists of Mind: Brain Scientists from Gall to Penfield

The Sensing and Perceiving Mind: From Kant through the Gestalt Psychologists

Wundt and the Establishment of Experimental Psychology

The Evolving Mind: Darwin and His Psychological Legacy

Measuring the Mind: Galton and Individual Differences

American Pioneers: James, Hall, Calkins, and Thorndike

Social Influence and Social Psychology: From Mesmer to Milgram and Beyond

Mind in Conflict: Freudian Psychoanalysis and Its Successors

Psychology Gets “Personality”: Allport, Maslow, and the Broadening Field

The Developing Mind: Binet, Piaget, and the Study of Intelligence

Minds, Machines, and Cognitive Psychology

Applying Psychology: From the Witness Stand to the Workplace

The Art and Science of Clinical Psychology

Filters

Exam 10: Psychology as the Science of Behavior: Pavlov, Watson, and Skinner

Match the idea with the individual. -Noam Chomsky

The primary conditioned stimulus employed in Watson and Rayner's production of a conditioned emotional reaction in Little Albert was

Match the definition with the term. -fixed-ratio reinforcement schedule

John B.Watson's Ph.D.research at the University of Chicago dealt with what?

Define latent learning.

According to John B.Watson,a properly "behavioristic" psychology would do all of the following EXCEPT

In Pavlovian conditioning,when a new stimulus similar to the conditioned stimulus is presented and it elicits a weakened version of the conditioned response,the phenomenon is called

Match the study with the individual by whom it was conducted. -Edward Chace Tolman

When Watson wrote,"Give me a dozen healthy infants,well formed,and my own specified world to bring them up in and I'll guarantee you to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select," he was expressing a viewpoint known as

The three unconditioned emotional reactions that Watson was able to find in human infants were

What did Watson say about unconscious thought in his textbook,Behaviorism?

Describe the Little Peter study.

Match the study with the individual by whom it was conducted. -Rosalie Rayner

What eventually became of B.F.Skinner's two daughters?

Match the figure with the term associated with his theory. -behaviorism

Match the definition with the term. -unconditioned reflex

Who was the person most responsible for promoting "behaviorism" as a distinct approach to psychology?

Skinner's utopian novel Walden Two describes a society

Match the definition with the term. -behavior analysis

Introduction: Studying the History of Psychology

Foundational Ideas from Antiquity

Pioneering Philosophers of Mind: Descartes, Locke, and Leibniz

Physiologists of Mind: Brain Scientists from Gall to Penfield

The Sensing and Perceiving Mind: From Kant through the Gestalt Psychologists

Wundt and the Establishment of Experimental Psychology

The Evolving Mind: Darwin and His Psychological Legacy

Measuring the Mind: Galton and Individual Differences

American Pioneers: James, Hall, Calkins, and Thorndike

Social Influence and Social Psychology: From Mesmer to Milgram and Beyond

Mind in Conflict: Freudian Psychoanalysis and Its Successors

Psychology Gets “Personality”: Allport, Maslow, and the Broadening Field

The Developing Mind: Binet, Piaget, and the Study of Intelligence

Minds, Machines, and Cognitive Psychology

Applying Psychology: From the Witness Stand to the Workplace

The Art and Science of Clinical Psychology

Filters