Question 1

What are the maintenance cells in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  osteochondral progenitor cells 
B)  chondrocytes 
C)  osteoblasts 
D)  osteocytes 
E)  osteoclasts 
A)  osteochondral progenitor cells 
B)  chondrocytes 
C)  osteoblasts 
D)  osteocytes 
E)  osteoclasts

Question 2

In appositional growth of cartilage,

Accepted Answer

A)  new chondrocytes and new matrix are added on the outside of the tissue. 
B)  the tissue becomes vascularized in order to grow. 
C)  chondroblasts within the tissue proliferate and add more matrix from the inside. 
D)  the cartilage is replaced with another kind of connective tissue. 
E)  osteoblasts replace the chondroblasts. 
A)  new chondrocytes and new matrix are added on the outside of the tissue. 
B)  the tissue becomes vascularized in order to grow. 
C)  chondroblasts within the tissue proliferate and add more matrix from the inside. 
D)  the cartilage is replaced with another kind of connective tissue. 
E)  osteoblasts replace the chondroblasts.

Question 3

The proper sequence of events in bone repair is

Accepted Answer

A)  remodeling of bone, callus ossification, hematoma formation, callus formation. 
B)  callus formation, hematoma formation, callus ossification, remodeling of bone. 
C)  hematoma formation, callus ossification, callus formation, remodeling of bone. 
D)  hematoma formation, callus formation, callus ossification, remodeling of bone. 
E)  callus ossification, callus formation, remodeling of bone, hematoma formation. 
A)  remodeling of bone, callus ossification, hematoma formation, callus formation. 
B)  callus formation, hematoma formation, callus ossification, remodeling of bone. 
C)  hematoma formation, callus ossification, callus formation, remodeling of bone. 
D)  hematoma formation, callus formation, callus ossification, remodeling of bone. 
E)  callus ossification, callus formation, remodeling of bone, hematoma formation.

Question 4

What is the end of a long bone?

Accepted Answer

A)  endosteum 
B)  growth plate 
C)  Sharpey's fibers 
D)  epiphysis 
E)  medullary cavity 
A)  endosteum 
B)  growth plate 
C)  Sharpey's fibers 
D)  epiphysis 
E)  medullary cavity

Question 5

Lamellar bone

Accepted Answer

A)  is very light in weight. 
B)  has a porous appearance. 
C)  has its collagen fibers randomly oriented. 
D)  is organized into thin sheets of tissue. 
E)  is not easily restructured. 
A)  is very light in weight. 
B)  has a porous appearance. 
C)  has its collagen fibers randomly oriented. 
D)  is organized into thin sheets of tissue. 
E)  is not easily restructured.

Question 6

The most common bone disease is osteoporosis. The most common consequence of this disease is

Accepted Answer

A)  luxations and subluxations. 
B)  fractures. 
C)  fusion of bones. 
D)  bone thickening. 
E)  remodeling of bone. 
A)  luxations and subluxations. 
B)  fractures. 
C)  fusion of bones. 
D)  bone thickening. 
E)  remodeling of bone.

Question 7

When blood vessels become surrounded by concentric lamella forming osteons, the bone will grow in

Accepted Answer

A)  length. 
B)  diameter. 
C)  the epiphyseal plate. 
D)  the articular cartilage. 
E)  all of these areas. 
A)  length. 
B)  diameter. 
C)  the epiphyseal plate. 
D)  the articular cartilage. 
E)  all of these areas.

Question 8

The cell type that is responsible for maintaining bone once it has been formed is the

Accepted Answer

A)  osteocyte. 
B)  chondrocyte. 
C)  osteoblast. 
D)  osteoclast. 
E)  chondroblast. 
A)  osteocyte. 
B)  chondrocyte. 
C)  osteoblast. 
D)  osteoclast. 
E)  chondroblast.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of how the endocrine system affects osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  calcitonin is used to treat osteoporosis 
B)  blood clotting starts repair process 
C)  lack of exercise reduces muscle stress on bone 
D)  pain following injury helps prevent further injury 
E)  inadequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D in the diet 
A)  calcitonin is used to treat osteoporosis 
B)  blood clotting starts repair process 
C)  lack of exercise reduces muscle stress on bone 
D)  pain following injury helps prevent further injury 
E)  inadequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D in the diet

Question 10

This is a diagram of calcium homeostasis. What process is represented by "D"?

Accepted Answer

A)  PTH promotes calcium release into blood by osteoclast. 
B)  Calcium is removed from blood by osteoblasts. 
C)  Calcium is lost in urine. 
D)  Vitamin D promotes calcium absorption. 
E)  PTH promotes calcium reabsorption from urine. 
A)  PTH promotes calcium release into blood by osteoclast. 
B)  Calcium is removed from blood by osteoblasts. 
C)  Calcium is lost in urine. 
D)  Vitamin D promotes calcium absorption. 
E)  PTH promotes calcium reabsorption from urine.

Question 11

Which type of bone cells combine hydroxyapatite and collagen to form extracellular bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

A)  osteochondral progenitor cell 
B)  osteoblasts 
C)  osteocytes 
D)  osteoclasts 
A)  osteochondral progenitor cell 
B)  osteoblasts 
C)  osteocytes 
D)  osteoclasts

Question 12

Proteoglycan molecules in the matrix of cartilage

Accepted Answer

A)  give cartilage its resilient nature. 
B)  replace collagen fibers in the matrix. 
C)  make the perichondrium very stretchable. 
D)  fill the lacunae. 
E)  make cartilage hard and compact. 
A)  give cartilage its resilient nature. 
B)  replace collagen fibers in the matrix. 
C)  make the perichondrium very stretchable. 
D)  fill the lacunae. 
E)  make cartilage hard and compact.

Question 13

What does structure "D" represent on the bone diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)  epiphysis 
B)  articular cartilage 
C)  epiphyseal lines 
D)  diaphysis 
E)  cancellous bone 
A)  epiphysis 
B)  articular cartilage 
C)  epiphyseal lines 
D)  diaphysis 
E)  cancellous bone

Question 14

Which type of bone cells package calcium and phosphate ions?

Accepted Answer

A)  osteochondral progenitor cell 
B)  osteoclasts 
C)  osteoblasts 
D)  osteocytes 
A)  osteochondral progenitor cell 
B)  osteoclasts 
C)  osteoblasts 
D)  osteocytes

Question 15

Thin sheets of bone matrix are

Accepted Answer

A)  lamellae. 
B)  lacunae. 
C)  trabeculae. 
D)  periosteum. 
E)  canaliculi. 
A)  lamellae. 
B)  lacunae. 
C)  trabeculae. 
D)  periosteum. 
E)  canaliculi.

Question 16

Which type of bone is considered dense bone?

Accepted Answer

A)  compact bone 
B)  spongy bone 
C)  both spongy and compact 
A)  compact bone 
B)  spongy bone 
C)  both spongy and compact

Question 17

How does the nervous system contribute to osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  calcitonin is used to treat osteoporosis 
B)  pain following injury helps prevent further injury 
C)  blood clotting starts repair process 
D)  lack of exercise reduces muscle stress on bone 
E)  inadequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D in the diet 
A)  calcitonin is used to treat osteoporosis 
B)  pain following injury helps prevent further injury 
C)  blood clotting starts repair process 
D)  lack of exercise reduces muscle stress on bone 
E)  inadequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D in the diet

Question 18

Osteogenesis imperfecta can be caused by abnormally formed

Accepted Answer

A)  hydroxyapatite. 
B)  proteoglycans. 
C)  collagen. 
D)  osteoblasts. 
E)  calcium. 
A)  hydroxyapatite. 
B)  proteoglycans. 
C)  collagen. 
D)  osteoblasts. 
E)  calcium.

Question 19

What does structure "A" represent on the bone diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)  epiphyseal lines 
B)  cancellous bone 
C)  epiphysis 
D)  diaphysis 
E)  articular cartilage 
A)  epiphyseal lines 
B)  cancellous bone 
C)  epiphysis 
D)  diaphysis 
E)  articular cartilage

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a function of bone?

Accepted Answer

A)  blood cell formation 
B)  support 
C)  calcium storage 
D)  immunity 
E)  movement 
A)  blood cell formation 
B)  support 
C)  calcium storage 
D)  immunity 
E)  movement

Exam 6: Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

What are the maintenance cells in bone tissue?

In appositional growth of cartilage,

The proper sequence of events in bone repair is

What is the end of a long bone?

Lamellar bone

The most common bone disease is osteoporosis. The most common consequence of this disease is

When blood vessels become surrounded by concentric lamella forming osteons, the bone will grow in

The cell type that is responsible for maintaining bone once it has been formed is the

Which of the following is an example of how the endocrine system affects osteoporosis?

This is a diagram of calcium homeostasis. What process is represented by "D"?

Which type of bone cells combine hydroxyapatite and collagen to form extracellular bone matrix?

Proteoglycan molecules in the matrix of cartilage

What does structure "D" represent on the bone diagram?

Which type of bone cells package calcium and phosphate ions?

Thin sheets of bone matrix are

Which type of bone is considered dense bone?

How does the nervous system contribute to osteoporosis?

Osteogenesis imperfecta can be caused by abnormally formed

What does structure "A" represent on the bone diagram?

Which of the following is NOT a function of bone?

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

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