Question 1

Match the neuroglial cell with its function.
-Schwann cell

Accepted Answer

A) influence function of blood-brain barrier 
B) macrophages in CNS 
C) produce cerebrospinal fluid 
D) form myelin sheath around axons in CNS 
E) form myelin sheath around part of the axon in the PNS 
A) influence function of blood-brain barrier 
B) macrophages in CNS 
C) produce cerebrospinal fluid 
D) form myelin sheath around axons in CNS 
E) form myelin sheath around part of the axon in the PNS

Question 2

The peripheral nervous system includes the

Accepted Answer

A)  brain. 
B)  spinal cord. 
C)  cranial nerves. 
D)  blood-brain barrier. 
E)  cerebellum. 
A)  brain. 
B)  spinal cord. 
C)  cranial nerves. 
D)  blood-brain barrier. 
E)  cerebellum.

Question 3

Match the following concerning concentration differences across the plasma membrane.
-large molecules trapped inside cell

Accepted Answer

A) concentration of potassium 
B) concentration of sodium and chloride 
C) negatively charged proteins 
D) sodium/potassium pump 
E) plasma membrane is more permeable to this ion because of leak ion channels 
A) concentration of potassium 
B) concentration of sodium and chloride 
C) negatively charged proteins 
D) sodium/potassium pump 
E) plasma membrane is more permeable to this ion because of leak ion channels

Question 4

Multiple sclerosis is a neurological disorder in which myelin sheaths in the CNS are destroyed. Which of the following neuroglial cells is being damaged in multiple sclerosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  astrocyte 
B)  microglial cell 
C)  oligodendrocyte 
D)  ependymal cell 
E)  Schwann cells 
A)  astrocyte 
B)  microglial cell 
C)  oligodendrocyte 
D)  ependymal cell 
E)  Schwann cells

Question 5

What type of neuroglial cells provide support and nutrition to sensory ganglia in the PNS?

Accepted Answer

A)  Schwann cells 
B)  microglia 
C)  ependymal cells 
D)  satellite cells 
A)  Schwann cells 
B)  microglia 
C)  ependymal cells 
D)  satellite cells

Question 6

Which type of circuit is associated with complex neuronal processes, such as solving mathematical equations?

Accepted Answer

A)  reverberating 
B)  converging 
C)  parallel after-discharge 
D)  diverging 
A)  reverberating 
B)  converging 
C)  parallel after-discharge 
D)  diverging

Question 7

Receptor molecules in synapses

Accepted Answer

A)  tend to concentrate on presynaptic terminals. 
B)  bind irreversibly with neurotransmitter. 
C)  have a high degree of specificity. 
D)  serve as channel proteins. 
E)  can bind to any molecule in the synapse. 
A)  tend to concentrate on presynaptic terminals. 
B)  bind irreversibly with neurotransmitter. 
C)  have a high degree of specificity. 
D)  serve as channel proteins. 
E)  can bind to any molecule in the synapse.

Question 8

The absolute refractory period assures

Accepted Answer

A)  prolonged depolarization during the action potential. 
B)  completion of repolarization before another action potential. 
C)  that no after-potential occurs. 
D)  reversal of the direction of propagation of the action potential. 
E)  that the stimulus is strong enough to elicit a response. 
A)  prolonged depolarization during the action potential. 
B)  completion of repolarization before another action potential. 
C)  that no after-potential occurs. 
D)  reversal of the direction of propagation of the action potential. 
E)  that the stimulus is strong enough to elicit a response.

Question 9

The opening of more and more Na+ ion channels during depolarization

Accepted Answer

A)  is the result of the sodium-potassium exchange pump. 
B)  is an example of a positive feedback cycle. 
C)  is possible only if K+ channels remain closed. 
D)  is the cause of the afterpotential. 
E)  is an example of a negative feedback cycle. 
A)  is the result of the sodium-potassium exchange pump. 
B)  is an example of a positive feedback cycle. 
C)  is possible only if K+ channels remain closed. 
D)  is the cause of the afterpotential. 
E)  is an example of a negative feedback cycle.

Question 10

Neurons arranged in a circular pathway form

Accepted Answer

A)  neuromotor junctions. 
B)  temporal circuits. 
C)  reverberating circuits. 
D)  spatial pathways. 
A)  neuromotor junctions. 
B)  temporal circuits. 
C)  reverberating circuits. 
D)  spatial pathways.

Question 11

The respiratory center of the brain (taking into account input from chemoreceptors, pulmonary stretch receptors and higher centers of the brain to determine respiratory output) is an example of a ______ circuit.

Accepted Answer

A)  parallel after-discharge 
B)  reverberating 
C)  converging 
D)  diverging 
A)  parallel after-discharge 
B)  reverberating 
C)  converging 
D)  diverging

Question 12

LouAnn is being treated for a neurological condition with a specific drug that target neurons deep within the brain. Which glial cell must be bypassed by this drug in order for it to be effective?

Accepted Answer

A)  astrocyte 
B)  microglial cell 
C)  oligodendrocyte 
D)  ependymal cell 
E)  macrophage 
A)  astrocyte 
B)  microglial cell 
C)  oligodendrocyte 
D)  ependymal cell 
E)  macrophage

Question 13

An action potential

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs when the local potential reaches threshold level. 
B)  propagates across the plasma membrane in a decremental fashion. 
C)  has no repolarization phase. 
D)  is an example of negative feedback. 
E)  cannot transmit information. 
A)  occurs when the local potential reaches threshold level. 
B)  propagates across the plasma membrane in a decremental fashion. 
C)  has no repolarization phase. 
D)  is an example of negative feedback. 
E)  cannot transmit information.

Question 14

Match the neuroglial cell with its function.
-microglia

Accepted Answer

A) influence function of blood-brain barrier 
B) macrophages in CNS 
C) produce cerebrospinal fluid 
D) form myelin sheath around axons in CNS 
E) form myelin sheath around part of the axon in the PNS 
A) influence function of blood-brain barrier 
B) macrophages in CNS 
C) produce cerebrospinal fluid 
D) form myelin sheath around axons in CNS 
E) form myelin sheath around part of the axon in the PNS

Question 15

Match the term with the correct definition.
-Local Potential

Accepted Answer

A) a small change in the resting membrane potential confined to a small area 
B) a charge difference across the plasma membrane when the cell is in an unstimulated state 
C) a larger change in resting membrane potential that spreads over entire surface of a cell 
D) membrane becomes more positive when sodium ions diffuse into cell 
E) return to the resting membrane potential 
A) a small change in the resting membrane potential confined to a small area 
B) a charge difference across the plasma membrane when the cell is in an unstimulated state 
C) a larger change in resting membrane potential that spreads over entire surface of a cell 
D) membrane becomes more positive when sodium ions diffuse into cell 
E) return to the resting membrane potential

Question 16

When a neurotransmitter binds to its receptor and increases the permeability of the postsynaptic membrane to sodium ions,

Accepted Answer

A)  the membrane will be hyperpolarized. 
B)  more chloride ions will also diffuse into the cell. 
C)  an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) will result. 
D)  the membrane will become impermeable to potassium ions. 
E)  the sodium ions diffuse out of the cell. 
A)  the membrane will be hyperpolarized. 
B)  more chloride ions will also diffuse into the cell. 
C)  an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) will result. 
D)  the membrane will become impermeable to potassium ions. 
E)  the sodium ions diffuse out of the cell.

Question 17

Digestion of food is regulated by the

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory division. 
B)  sympathetic division of the ANS. 
C)  parasympathetic division of the ANS. 
D)  somatic nervous system. 
E)  None of these choices are correct. 
A)  sensory division. 
B)  sympathetic division of the ANS. 
C)  parasympathetic division of the ANS. 
D)  somatic nervous system. 
E)  None of these choices are correct.

Question 18

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The resting plasma membrane is more permeable to Na+ than K+. 
B)  The resting membrane potential never reaches an equilibrium point. 
C)  The resting membrane potential is proportional to the tendency for K+ to diffuse out of the cell. 
D)  Negatively charged Cl- ions are attracted by negative charges in the cell. 
E)  The purpose of the sodium-potassium exchange pump is to create an equilibrium of ion concentrations. 
A)  The resting plasma membrane is more permeable to Na+ than K+. 
B)  The resting membrane potential never reaches an equilibrium point. 
C)  The resting membrane potential is proportional to the tendency for K+ to diffuse out of the cell. 
D)  Negatively charged Cl- ions are attracted by negative charges in the cell. 
E)  The purpose of the sodium-potassium exchange pump is to create an equilibrium of ion concentrations.

Question 19

Match the following concerning concentration differences across the plasma membrane.
-higher outside cell

Accepted Answer

A) concentration of potassium 
B) concentration of sodium and chloride 
C) negatively charged proteins 
D) sodium/potassium pump 
E) plasma membrane is more permeable to this ion because of leak ion channels 
A) concentration of potassium 
B) concentration of sodium and chloride 
C) negatively charged proteins 
D) sodium/potassium pump 
E) plasma membrane is more permeable to this ion because of leak ion channels

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT true about astrocytes?

Accepted Answer

A)  They can wall off an injury site to prevent spread of inflammation. 
B)  They can prevent toxic substances from entering brain tissue. 
C)  They can release chemicals that promote formation of synapses. 
D)  They can aid in the regeneration of injured neurons. 
A)  They can wall off an injury site to prevent spread of inflammation. 
B)  They can prevent toxic substances from entering brain tissue. 
C)  They can release chemicals that promote formation of synapses. 
D)  They can aid in the regeneration of injured neurons.

Exam 11: Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Match the neuroglial cell with its function. -Schwann cell

The peripheral nervous system includes the

Match the following concerning concentration differences across the plasma membrane. -large molecules trapped inside cell

Multiple sclerosis is a neurological disorder in which myelin sheaths in the CNS are destroyed. Which of the following neuroglial cells is being damaged in multiple sclerosis?

What type of neuroglial cells provide support and nutrition to sensory ganglia in the PNS?

Which type of circuit is associated with complex neuronal processes, such as solving mathematical equations?

Receptor molecules in synapses

The absolute refractory period assures

The opening of more and more Na+ ion channels during depolarization

Neurons arranged in a circular pathway form

The respiratory center of the brain (taking into account input from chemoreceptors, pulmonary stretch receptors and higher centers of the brain to determine respiratory output) is an example of a ______ circuit.

LouAnn is being treated for a neurological condition with a specific drug that target neurons deep within the brain. Which glial cell must be bypassed by this drug in order for it to be effective?

An action potential

Match the neuroglial cell with its function. -microglia

Match the term with the correct definition. -Local Potential

When a neurotransmitter binds to its receptor and increases the permeability of the postsynaptic membrane to sodium ions,

Digestion of food is regulated by the

Which of the following is true?

Match the following concerning concentration differences across the plasma membrane. -higher outside cell

Which of the following is NOT true about astrocytes?

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

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