Question 1

The only place in the body where blood vessels can be viewed directly is the

Accepted Answer

A)  retina. 
B)  optic chiasm. 
C)  sclera. 
D)  cornea. 
E)  conjunctiva. 
A)  retina. 
B)  optic chiasm. 
C)  sclera. 
D)  cornea. 
E)  conjunctiva.

Question 2

The lacrimal glands

Accepted Answer

A)  cause a sty when inflamed. 
B)  constantly produce a fluid called tears. 
C)  are located in the superomedial corner of the orbit. 
D)  are innervated by parasympathetic fibers from the oculomotor nerve. 
E)  produce sebum. 
A)  cause a sty when inflamed. 
B)  constantly produce a fluid called tears. 
C)  are located in the superomedial corner of the orbit. 
D)  are innervated by parasympathetic fibers from the oculomotor nerve. 
E)  produce sebum.

Question 3

Most neurons are permanent cells, however _____ are neurons that are constantly being replaced.

Accepted Answer

A)  olfactory neurons 
B)  basal cells 
C)  cortical neurons 
D)  mitral cells 
A)  olfactory neurons 
B)  basal cells 
C)  cortical neurons 
D)  mitral cells

Question 4

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Each taste bud is most sensitive to one of the five basic tastes. 
B)  Sensitivity of taste buds for sweet taste is very high. 
C)  Adaptation for taste is rapid. 
D)  Olfaction influences taste. 
E)  Sensitivities for sweet and salty tastes are the lowest. 
A)  Each taste bud is most sensitive to one of the five basic tastes. 
B)  Sensitivity of taste buds for sweet taste is very high. 
C)  Adaptation for taste is rapid. 
D)  Olfaction influences taste. 
E)  Sensitivities for sweet and salty tastes are the lowest.

Question 5

The taste cortex is located in the ________ lobe.

Accepted Answer

A)  frontal 
B)  parietal 
C)  temporal 
D)  occipital 
A)  frontal 
B)  parietal 
C)  temporal 
D)  occipital

Question 6

Neurons synapsing on the hair cells of the maculae and the crista ampullaris have cell bodies in the

Accepted Answer

A)  superior colliculus. 
B)  vestibular ganglion. 
C)  superior olivary nucleus. 
D)  medial geniculate nucleus. 
E)  cochlear ganglion. 
A)  superior colliculus. 
B)  vestibular ganglion. 
C)  superior olivary nucleus. 
D)  medial geniculate nucleus. 
E)  cochlear ganglion.

Question 7

Match the structure with the appropriate description.
-organ of Corti

Accepted Answer

A) organ of hearing 
B) passageway from the outside to the eardrum 
C) interconnecting tunnels in the temporal bone 
D) tiny bones in the middle ear 
E) connecting chambers of inner ear filled with endolymph 
A) organ of hearing 
B) passageway from the outside to the eardrum 
C) interconnecting tunnels in the temporal bone 
D) tiny bones in the middle ear 
E) connecting chambers of inner ear filled with endolymph

Question 8

Auditory impulses are transmitted by the _____ portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve.

Accepted Answer

A)  spiral 
B)  cochlear 
C)  vestibular 
D)  ossicular 
E)  tympanic 
A)  spiral 
B)  cochlear 
C)  vestibular 
D)  ossicular 
E)  tympanic

Question 9

Match the structure with the appropriate description.
-external auditory meatus

Accepted Answer

A) organ of hearing 
B) passageway from the outside to the eardrum 
C) interconnecting tunnels in the temporal bone 
D) tiny bones in the middle ear 
E) connecting chambers of inner ear filled with endolymph 
A) organ of hearing 
B) passageway from the outside to the eardrum 
C) interconnecting tunnels in the temporal bone 
D) tiny bones in the middle ear 
E) connecting chambers of inner ear filled with endolymph

Question 10

The ability of the olfactory system to adapt to a particular odor may involve

Accepted Answer

A)  sensitivity of the olfactory cortex. 
B)  an increase in the sensitivity at the receptor sites. 
C)  neurons from the medial olfactory area stimulating mitral cells and tufted cells. 
D)  the intermediate olfactory area sending inhibiting impulses to the olfactory bulb. 
E)  molecules that do not bind to receptors anymore. 
A)  sensitivity of the olfactory cortex. 
B)  an increase in the sensitivity at the receptor sites. 
C)  neurons from the medial olfactory area stimulating mitral cells and tufted cells. 
D)  the intermediate olfactory area sending inhibiting impulses to the olfactory bulb. 
E)  molecules that do not bind to receptors anymore.

Question 11

The direction from which a sound is coming can be determined by the

Accepted Answer

A)  volume of the sound. 
B)  frequency of sound waves. 
C)  amplitude of the sound waves. 
D)  differences in the time that sound waves take to reach each ear. 
E)  timbre of sounds. 
A)  volume of the sound. 
B)  frequency of sound waves. 
C)  amplitude of the sound waves. 
D)  differences in the time that sound waves take to reach each ear. 
E)  timbre of sounds.

Question 12

You are an airborne molecule that dissolves in the fluid covering the olfactory epithelium. Which of the following must you do in order to depolarize neurons in the olfactory epithelium?

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulate mitral cells 
B)  release acetylcholine 
C)  cause proliferation of basal cells 
D)  bind to receptor molecules on the olfactory hair membrane 
E)  lower the threshold of the cell 
A)  stimulate mitral cells 
B)  release acetylcholine 
C)  cause proliferation of basal cells 
D)  bind to receptor molecules on the olfactory hair membrane 
E)  lower the threshold of the cell

Question 13

Match the structure with the appropriate description.
-lacrimal canaliculi

Accepted Answer

A) lubricate the eyelid 
B) protect the eye from falling objects 
C) an inflamed ciliary gland 
D) small tubes that drain tears into the lacrimal sac 
E) inflammation of the conjunctiva 
A) lubricate the eyelid 
B) protect the eye from falling objects 
C) an inflamed ciliary gland 
D) small tubes that drain tears into the lacrimal sac 
E) inflammation of the conjunctiva

Question 14

Rods, a type of photoreceptor cell, respond to light (stimulus) by

Accepted Answer

A)  depolarizing. 
B)  repolarizing. 
C)  hypopolarizing. 
D)  hyperpolarizing. 
E)  opening Na+ channels in the cell membrane. 
A)  depolarizing. 
B)  repolarizing. 
C)  hypopolarizing. 
D)  hyperpolarizing. 
E)  opening Na+ channels in the cell membrane.

Question 15

Match the description with its correct name.
-astigmatism

Accepted Answer

A) difficulty seeing distant objects 
B) a type of refractory error 
C) clouding of the lens of the eye 
D) increased intraocular pressure that can lead to loss of vision 
E) loss of acute central vision 
A) difficulty seeing distant objects 
B) a type of refractory error 
C) clouding of the lens of the eye 
D) increased intraocular pressure that can lead to loss of vision 
E) loss of acute central vision

Question 16

The anterior and posterior chambers of the eye are separated by the

Accepted Answer

A)  lens. 
B)  retina. 
C)  cornea. 
D)  iris. 
E)  optic disc. 
A)  lens. 
B)  retina. 
C)  cornea. 
D)  iris. 
E)  optic disc.

Question 17

Arrange the following to reflect the correct sequence an action potential would follow to reach the olfactory cortex of the brain: (1) olfactory bulb
(2) olfactory cortex
(3) olfactory epithelium
(4) olfactory tract

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2, 3, 4 
B)  3, 4, 1, 2 
C)  1, 4, 2, 3 
D)  3, 1, 4, 2 
E)  4, 3, 2, 1 
A)  1, 2, 3, 4 
B)  3, 4, 1, 2 
C)  1, 4, 2, 3 
D)  3, 1, 4, 2 
E)  4, 3, 2, 1

Question 18

Humans are able to distinguish several million shades of color because

Accepted Answer

A)  humans have large retinas. 
B)  humans have binocular vision. 
C)  they have many different types of cone cells. 
D)  different proportions of cone cells respond to each wavelength of light. 
E)  humans have more cones than rods. 
A)  humans have large retinas. 
B)  humans have binocular vision. 
C)  they have many different types of cone cells. 
D)  different proportions of cone cells respond to each wavelength of light. 
E)  humans have more cones than rods.

Question 19

Tears

Accepted Answer

A)  are produced only when a person cries. 
B)  wash foreign objects away from the eye. 
C)  contain lysozyme to trap dust. 
D)  are very acidic and kill microbes. 
E)  contain little water. 
A)  are produced only when a person cries. 
B)  wash foreign objects away from the eye. 
C)  contain lysozyme to trap dust. 
D)  are very acidic and kill microbes. 
E)  contain little water.

Question 20

Which of the following is part of the spiral organ (organ of Corti)?

Accepted Answer

A)  modiolus 
B)  vestibule 
C)  tectorial membrane 
D)  scala tympani 
E)  chorda tympani 
A)  modiolus 
B)  vestibule 
C)  tectorial membrane 
D)  scala tympani 
E)  chorda tympani

Exam 15: The Special Senses

The only place in the body where blood vessels can be viewed directly is the

The lacrimal glands

Most neurons are permanent cells, however _____ are neurons that are constantly being replaced.

Which of the following statements is false?

The taste cortex is located in the ________ lobe.

Neurons synapsing on the hair cells of the maculae and the crista ampullaris have cell bodies in the

Match the structure with the appropriate description. -organ of Corti

Auditory impulses are transmitted by the _____ portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve.

Match the structure with the appropriate description. -external auditory meatus

The ability of the olfactory system to adapt to a particular odor may involve

The direction from which a sound is coming can be determined by the

You are an airborne molecule that dissolves in the fluid covering the olfactory epithelium. Which of the following must you do in order to depolarize neurons in the olfactory epithelium?

Match the structure with the appropriate description. -lacrimal canaliculi

Rods, a type of photoreceptor cell, respond to light (stimulus) by

Match the description with its correct name. -astigmatism

The anterior and posterior chambers of the eye are separated by the

Arrange the following to reflect the correct sequence an action potential would follow to reach the olfactory cortex of the brain: (1) olfactory bulb (2) olfactory cortex (3) olfactory epithelium (4) olfactory tract

Humans are able to distinguish several million shades of color because

Tears

Which of the following is part of the spiral organ (organ of Corti)?

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