Exam 11: How Genes Are Controlled

________ is(are)responsible for more cancers than any other carcinogen.

Which of these is a type of posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression?

Which of the following is NOT a possible use of reproductive cloning?

Scenario Questions Please read the paragraph below to answer the following questions. Jim has become particularly interested in the genetic basis of cancer and has spent considerable time reading published papers about oncogenes. He learned that as early as 1972 researchers suggested that mutations in proto-oncogenes caused by carcinogens can convert the proto-oncogenes to oncogenes. He asked you to answer a couple of questions about this because he did not have a sufficient biology background. -Jim learned that viruses can sometimes cause cancer and wants to know why.You tell him that ________.

Homeotic genes ________.

While examining a human cell that functions normally,you determine that it has 45 functional chromosomes and one chromosome that is almost completely inactive.You immediately decide that it is very likely that this cell ________.

Examine the figure below.The initiation of transcription requires that enhancers bind to ________.

In bacteria,what name is given to a cluster of genes with related functions,along with their DNA control sequences?

When referring to cell division,oncogenes are most like ________ while tumor suppressor genes are most like ________.

In a eukaryotic cell an abnormal protein is binding to the promoter for a gene.Which of the following processes will likely occur in this scenario?

Introns are ________.

Inheritance of certain genes increases the risk of getting certain cancers; thus,it can be said that ________.

Which of these lifestyle choices will increase cancer risk?

Please read the paragraph below to answer the following questions. You conducted a series of experiments to test whether the expression of hexokinase, an important enzyme involved in glycolysis, varies under different conditions. In the first experiment, you measured the production of hexokinase mRNA in cells at three different temperatures: 37°C, 25°C, and 10°C. Your results showed that the mRNA levels for hexokinase were 5× and 20× lower at 25°C and 10°C than at 37°C, respectively. Based on these results, you are going to conduct further experiments to attempt to answer your research question. -DNA microarrays can be used to determine relative levels of gene expression between samples.DNA microarrays are usually interpreted by color: green means higher mRNA levels,yellow means equal levels,and red means lower levels.If you ran the samples from the temperature experiment on a DNA microarray using the 25°C experiment as a baseline,what results do you predict you would obtain?

Bacterial RNA polymerase binds to the ________.

The figure below illustrates ________.

What is a difference between embryonic and adult stem cells?

The lac operon is shown in the accompanying figure.Answer the following question after reviewing the figure.The lac operon is usually in the ________ position and is activated by ________.

More people die of ________ cancer than of any other cancer.

What name is given to a gene that causes cancer?