Exam 3: The Molecules of Life

A single carbon atom can form a maximum of ________ covalent bond(s).

Enzymes are ________.

Sometimes when I have my morning coffee,which I drink black with no cream or sugar,I notice a thin film floating on top of the coffee.Since I have just read Chapter 3 of the text,I now realize the nature of this substance and so I run to my friend screaming,"Look at this ________ in my coffee!"

Saturated fats are saturated with ________.

How does RNA differ from DNA?

Table sugar is ________.

Please read the following scenario to answer the following questions. While shopping, you settle on two types of cookies. The nutritional label for the chocolate mint cookies lists 5 grams of saturated fat, 0 grams of trans fat, 22 grams of carbohydrates, and 11 grams of protein per serving. The nutritional label for the peanut butter cookies lists 0 grams of saturated fat, 5 grams of trans fat, 26 grams of carbohydrates, and 4 grams of protein per serving. -The amount of carbohydrates in a food product is usually separated into two groups: 1)sugars,which refers only to mono- and disaccharides,and 2)fiber.Out of the 22 grams of total carbohydrates,there are 12 grams of sugars and 2 grams of fiber in the chocolate mint cookies.All of the following statements EXCEPT for one are true.Choose the exception.

A fat that is hydrogenated is ________.

Please read the following scenario to answer the following questions. Cooking oils, such as olive oil, are largely made up of unsaturated fats. If you have ever heated cooking oil in a pan, you might have noticed that eventually the oil begins to smoke. The temperature when this occurs is called the "smoke point." At the smoke point, the fatty acids and glycerol molecules that make up the unsaturated fats in the oil begin to break down and form smoke. Different oils have different smoke points, and these smoke points depend on the molecular composition of the oils. Below is a table with data for four different types of cooking oils, including their smoke points (values are for 1 tablespoon each [15 ml]). -Suppose that you wanted to conduct an experiment to determine the smoke points of the oils listed in the table.What would be the experiment that would give you the best information to determine which oil has the highest smoke point?

By definition,what type of fatty acid has double bonds?

Which of the following is lowest in unsaturated fats?

What is the name given to the reaction that breaks peptide bonds?

Which of the following is hydrophilic?

A friend of yours appears to have put on a lot of muscle very quickly.At the same time,you notice that your friend seems to have a lot of mood swings and appears depressed.It is reasonable for you to suspect that your friend has begun to take ________.

What name is given to the following reaction? sucrose + water → glucose + fructose

The figure below shows ________.

A protein's function is most dependent on its ________.

Which of the following is an example of a polysaccharide?

Extremophilic bacteria are able to survive in hostile environments,including scalding hot water as well as springs and vents that reach temperatures over 100°C.Researchers studying these bacteria measured the function of a protein from an extremophile bacterium at 100°C,and they also measured the function of a similar protein from a human cell at 100°C.Which of the following results do you think the researchers obtained?

________ is a hydroxyl group.