Exam 14: Personality

When growing up, John's parents were uncomfortable every time that John happened to be sad. As a result, John now disapproves of his own sad feelings, even when they are appropriate. Carl Rogers and other humanistic theorists would consider John's attitude towards his sad feelings as an example of

Young Joshua could not be easily toilet trained. He resisted for many years. According to Freud, the problem was that he was

What does OCEAN stand for in the Five Factor model?

In describing the new girl in class today, Yvonne and her friends said she must be an introvert because everyone is either an extravert or an introvert and this girl seems quiet and shy. Which perspective on personality might categorize a person this way?

According to the text, one of the principles of effective goal setting is to set specific outcome goals.

Which of the following personality structures is sometimes referred to as the "executive of the personality", as it needs to deal with the demands of the other two structures?

In the case of a woman, Julia, her trait of disagreeableness may motivate her to behave in irritable, cynical, and uncooperative ways. These behaviours likely trigger negative reactions in her friends, and these social consequences may in turn serve to strengthen and reinforce Julia's personality and her social behaviour. This example best demonstrates the concept of

Which of the following criticisms has been made against humanistic theories of personality?

Albert Bandura's concept of self-efficacy specifically refers to people's

Which is the first stage of psychosexual development?

The psychoanalysts who disagreed with certain aspects of Freud's thinking and developed their own theories are called the __________.

Ronny, a five-year-old, believes that if he cheats on a test, the teacher will punish him. Sigmund Freud would say that Ronny's ___________ has developed.

Margaret is prone to depression and physical illness. She lacks the tools needed to make herself feel better when she experiences a negative outcome or failure. Margaret most likely

You are very interested in predicting behavior from measures of personality traits. Which of the following scales would be the BEST to use for such predictions?

Jan tends to base most of her behaviours on her beliefs and attitudes, while Greg tends to vary his behaviour a great deal depending upon the demands of the situation he is in. Jan's behaviour would likely be more stable than Greg's across time, and the difference between Jan and Greg best illustrates the concept of ____________.

What is the assumption underlying projective tests? Describe two widely used projective tests.

Most contemporary researchers who use the trait approach suggest that there are ___________ basic dimensions that underlie personality.

Jon really "hates" his brother, but knows he cannot express this publically. According to Freud, if ego resorts to the defense mechanism of projection,

Jeff has just turned 2 years old and often screams "Mine!" His desire to have everything he wants is likely being driven by his ________.

As you walk by the conference room, you overhear two psychologists discussing a case. They mention reaction formation and fixation. Immediately, you recognize these psychologists as