Exam 14: Personality

Eysenck's biological theory is based on the assumption that there is an optimal level of biological arousal in the brain and that individuals who are quiet, reserved, and introverted are chronically overaroused.

A worker's supervisor asks the worker whether they would like to take on a new project. The tasks within this project are what the worker has never done before, but the worker willingly accepts the project. The worker has confidence in their abilities, and knows they will be able to get the project done. The worker has high ___________.

A young boy is moving from the phallic stage to the latency stage in Freud's psychosexual model. According to Freud, the crisis he needs to resolve is

You are not happy with your midterm mark. You meet with your professor and even though the class average was high, you tell your professor "everyone in class thinks the exam was very hard and that's why we didn't do well". This would be an example of which of the following defense mechanisms?

Let's say that your self-concept includes the belief that you are a strong supporter of the environment. However, you do not recycle and you drive a large, gas-powered SUV. According to Rogers and the humanist approach, you would have problems of

Hugh Hartshorne and Mark May (1928) conducted a study in which they tested the honesty of young children in a wide variety of settings. The results of this study indicated that honesty was ___________ consistent across different settings, a finding that led some personality theorists to argue that personality was largely influenced by __________.

John Bowlby's attachment theory is most strongly associated with which of the following approaches?

What is reciprocal determinism? Describe how this principle could be used to try and explain how someone's negative attitude (e.g., I'll never do well on this test) might be related to their behaviour and their environment.

Terry has been diagnosed with terminal cancer. Rather than spending his time and money on vacations and activities he enjoys, Terry spends his time seeking alternative forms of medicine and increasing his retirement investment portfolio. Rather than realistically approaching his situation, he appears to be using the defence mechanism of _______.

According to the text, the personality theory of Hans Eysenck operates at the _____________ level of analysis.

Self-report measures and projective tests are both examples of which type of personality assessment?

Albert Bandura and Daniel Cervone (1983) found that performance on a strenuous bicycling task was highest when the participants ________.

You believe that much of your behaviour is the result of fate rather than your own efforts. According to Rotter, we would describe you as having a(n)

Kathy's father was an abusive alcoholic and as a result of her early experience, Kathy has a distorted mental image of all fathers as being abusive people. According to a certain theory, there will be an unconscious influence on Kathy's future relationships with men. This view is represented by the

According to the text, the most important determinant of self-efficacy is ________.

What conditions affect the development of self-esteem?

All other things being equal, it is usually best to set outcome goals rather than performance goals.

Which statistical tool identifies clusters of specific behaviours that correlate so highly that they can be considered as reflecting the same basic dimension?

Why is it difficult to test psychoanalytic theory? What is the current status of unconscious processes and psychosexual development?

According to the Big Five Personality model, someone who is careless and impulsive would score low on the following trait