Exam 14: Personality

Xerxes considers himself a cynical, temperamental person, an approach he feels is justified, since just about everyone he meets is unpleasant with him. What Xerxes doesn't realize is that most people greet him pleasantly enough; it is when he treats them rudely that they become rude in response. This is an example of

What is locus of control? What does the research show regarding individuals who differ on locus of control?

Hans Eysenck was one of the first modern theorists to suggest a biological basis for major personality traits. He suggested that the brains of extraverts ___________.

You are about to see a therapist for the first time. You do not know much about this person, except that she believes in object relations. What kind of therapist are you seeing?

Because there are over 17,000 trait words in the English language, in order to reduce that large number into a smaller number of categories, personality researchers use ___________________.

Claire has a 40-page history paper due at the end of the semester. Though initially overwhelmed by this assignment, she remembers a goal-setting guideline from her introductory psychology course and decides to apply it. She sits down with her calendar and maps out the smaller steps she needs to take in order to complete the paper. These steps include: reading the material, creating an outline, writing the introduction, writing a rough draft of the entire paper, and then rewriting the final draft. Claire most likely remembered which of the following guidelines?

Rogers's concepts of self-consistency and congruence are most closely associated with which motive? Self -_________________.

As a Freudian therapist, you notice that one of your patients has an obsession with sucking his thumb. He does this frequently when he is at your office. You might conclude that this patient is fixated at the

Compared to the hostile, aggressive nature of people as seen by Freud, the humanistic perspective views people as _______________.

What two common observations give rise to the concept of personality?

Why is the ego sometimes referred to as the "executive of the personality"?

What two personality trait dimensions does Hans Eysenck use to account for personality? What are the biological factors that are thought to be responsible for these differences?

An office worker steals posted notes and other stationary from the office. When confronted by the office manager, the office worker says "well everyone in this office take some stationary home". Which defense mechanism is this office worker exhibiting?

Within any given culture, gender ______________ provide specific information about gender-role socialization and inform us about the appropriate attributes and behaviours of men and women.

According to Eysenck's theory of personality, a normal personality can be explained with a combination of which of the following traits?

Chloe is taking rock climbing in Physical Education class and she believes that because she was unsuccessful in last year's class, this year will also be a disaster. According to Bandura, the most important factor for Chloe having a low self-efficacy in rock climbing is that

According to Rogers, congruence is achieved when ________.

Ted and Tom have equivalent grades in school and are both applying to medical schools in order to become doctors. Ted believes he has the ability to achieve this goal but Tom is skeptical about his ability to be accepted to medical school. If self-efficacy alone were to determine the outcome

Which of the following was mentioned as being a characteristic of a personality theory that is useful for psychologists?

Low self-monitors tailor their behaviour to _________________, whereas high self-monitors tailor their behaviour to __________________.