Exam 14: Personality

According to Freud's psychodynamic theory of personality

Ronnie's new roommate, Tim, is driving him crazy! His roommate is a compulsive neat freak who cannot tolerate anything left out of place in the apartment. Not only that, but Tim insists the cleaning be done in a certain way and at a certain time each day. If Tim were to seek advice from a psychoanalyst, Tim might be told that his compulsions are the result of harsh toilet training when Tim was a child. This suggests Tim is stuck in the ___________ psychosexual stage of development.

Sigmund Freud divided personality into three separates but interacting structures called ________.

The humanistic concept of self-actualization, specifically refers to people's need to maintain a consistent and congruent self-concept.

When twenty-eight-year-old Rafferty recently completed a fitness assessment as part of a yearly physical, his results were poorer than he expected. His weight is higher than it should be, he has several unhealthy habits, and he is unable to lift weights comparable to others his age. Rafferty's parents say that Rafferty just inherited bad genes and that there is little he can do to improve himself. Rafferty doesn't believe this is true, so he hires a personal trainer, quits smoking, and begins to walk for 20 minutes every day. Rafferty probably has a/an

The Five Factor model of personality tends to hold ________.

How do differences in self-esteem affect behaviour?

Hans Eysenck believes that there are specific biological factors that are responsible for traits. Specifically, he asserts that people who have brains that are chronically overaroused score low on a measure of _____________.

The hydraulic engine and other innovations designed to harness the power of physical energy were particularly influential as metaphors for Sigmund Freud's theory of psychoanalysis.

On one of your initial visits to your Freudian psychologist, you are asked to respond to a personality test. Most likely, you received the

A new theory is able to provide a comprehensive explanation of behaviour in a particular area, generates relatively accurate predictions, and stimulates the development of new knowledge. Personality theorists would consider such a theory to be _______________.

A marital researcher is interested in the personality factors and attitudes that contribute to successful marriages. This researcher has interviewed hundreds of different couples already, so in order to gather some potentially new information, he gives 20 married couples a beeper that randomly activates two to three times a day. When the beeper goes off, the couple is asked to call in to an answering machine in the lab and report on what they were just doing, thinking, and feeling. This study best demonstrates the personality assessment method known as

Li Jing is the kind of person who always pays attention to the situation she is in and changes her behaviour to what she considers appropriate. We would say that Li Jing is

Bondar's orbitofrontal cortex was very active on a PET scan, therefore, it seems likely that she would score highly on the ________ scale.

John is a rather aggressive person with lots of energy. He sometimes got into trouble for aggressive behaviour as a teenager, but he has recently vented his aggressive feelings by playing rugby on a local team. Instead of getting into trouble for his aggressive behaviour, John now finds that he is considered to be a well-respected and valuable rugby player by his teammates. According to Freud, joining the rugby team would best be considered an example of the defence mechanism of

A student has had a long-term phobia of heights. After working with a therapist, the student is finally able to stand on the edge of a high overpass for the first time in their life, primarily because they no longer feel the strong anxiety and fear that they used to experience during times like these. This example best demonstrates how ______________ can enhance feelings of self-efficacy.

Dr. Vartan shows his client Dallas 12 different pictures and asks him to tell a story about each one. When Dallas has looked at all the cards, the two of them review the stories together, looking for recurrent themes. Dallas has just taken the

Juan is struggling with his self-image. He is a strong believer in environmental policies, but continues to drive a large gas-guzzling car. According to Rogers, Juan is having problems with

Let's say that you have achieved a state of self-actualization. According to Roger's humanistic theory, we would describe you as a

Jill frequently teases other children at school, and the problem is starting to get out of hand. A school counsellor decides to conduct a behavioural assessment in order to better determine what is going on and to find a way of resolving this problem. All of the following are questions that the behavioural assessment is created to answer EXCEPT