Exam 14: Individual Emotions

______arises from any object deemed to be contaminated in some way, including bodily contaminations (germs, poor hygiene), interpersonal contaminations (physical contact with undesirable people), and moral contaminations (child abuse, incest, infidelity).

______is associated with desirable outcomes-experiencing a personal achievement, making progress toward a goal, getting what we want, or experiencing pleasurable sensations.

When a beneficial event related to our needs and well-being is anticipated, we feel:

Sadness can slip into depression, and the key trigger that advances sadness into depression is:

_____is an overwhelmingly powerful emotion associated with feelings of inferiority, a sense of worthlessness, and a damaged self-image.

Taking pleasure in the misfortune of another person is called _________.

______is an unpleasant emotional experience that arises when one person perceives that another has an advantage over him or her while also desiring what the other has.

______occurs following a social blunder that is committed in front of an audience of others.Such a blunder suggests that the actor may possess some personal deficiency, as occurs when forgetting someone's name (a mental lapse), tripping or stumbling (a physical pratfall), or lacking reasonable control over one's physical functions.

______is the most negative, aversive emotion. It motivates the person to do whatever it takes to get rid of some troubling set of circumstances.

Embarrassment occurs after a social blunder in front of an audience of others. Explain how the display of embarrassment is often effective in gaining a positive (rather than a negative or critical) reaction from the audience.

The function of the contempt emotion is to:

_____is important because it motivates environmental engagement, promoting learning, skill development, knowledge acquisition, and achievement, and it replenishes personal resources.

______is rooted in the desire for some future outcome that is of particular importance to the person.It typically involves a wish for an attractive goal, attractive event, or desired relationship.

Unlike negative emotions that narrow attention to the immediate stimulus at hand, ______has the opposite effect of broadening our attention, thoughts, and behaviors.

Explain the two key reasons (benefits) that make interest an especially important emotion.

Name the seven basic emotions.

_____is the most prevalent emotion in day-to-day functioning, with some level being ever present.

______can get people to change personal habits and attributes, discard waste and sanitize their surroundings, reappraise their thoughts and values, wash the dishes, brush their teeth, take showers, and exercise.

Mimicry, in which one's own facial expression, voice tone, and posture mirrors that of the other person, seems to trigger:

_____has a way of undoing the distressing effects of aversive emotions, as, for example, when parents sing and make funny faces to soothe their distressed infants and when lovers show affection to pave over an otherwise conflictual exchange.