Question 1

Pairing "science" and "motivation" in the phrase "motivational science" means that answers to motivational questions require:

Accepted Answer

A) that one's personal beliefs about motivation are confirmed by cultural norms. 
B) opportunities to reflect on one's personal experiences so as to gain personal insights about the nature of motivation. 
C) objective, data-based, empirical evidence from well-conducted research. 
D) that one recognizes that most motivational states cannot be studied scientifically. 
A) that one's personal beliefs about motivation are confirmed by cultural norms. 
B) opportunities to reflect on one's personal experiences so as to gain personal insights about the nature of motivation. 
C) objective, data-based, empirical evidence from well-conducted research. 
D) that one recognizes that most motivational states cannot be studied scientifically. C

Question 2

________are short-lived subjective-physiological-functional-expressive phenomena that orchestrate how a person reacts to significant life events.

Accepted Answer

A) Cognitions 
B) Emotions 
C) Motivations 
D) Motives 
E) Needs 
A) Cognitions 
B) Emotions 
C) Motivations 
D) Motives 
E) Needs B

Question 3

People often say that the best way to motivate others is to increase their self-esteem, as in "Find a way to make people feel good about themselves, and then all sorts of good things start to happen." In response to this approach to motivation, the textbook concluded that:

Accepted Answer

A) no research exists on self-esteem because it is best studied through personal experience. 
B) a great deal of evidence supports this approach to motivation. 
C) practically no evidence supports this approach to motivation. 
D) while not perfect, increasing self-esteem is still the most effective approach to motivating other people. 
A) no research exists on self-esteem because it is best studied through personal experience. 
B) a great deal of evidence supports this approach to motivation. 
C) practically no evidence supports this approach to motivation. 
D) while not perfect, increasing self-esteem is still the most effective approach to motivating other people. C

Question 4

If a student pays very close attention to the learning materials, puts a lot of effort into the learning, and persists in the learning for an extended period of time, she would be rated as scoring high on _________engagement.

Accepted Answer

A) behavioral 
B) cognitive 
C) emotional 
D) social 
A) behavioral 
B) cognitive 
C) emotional 
D) social

Question 5

A motivation researcher interested in understanding why a person eats a meal needs to answer all of the following questions, except:

Accepted Answer

A) How is food digested? 
B) Why did the eating begin? 
C) Why did the eating end? 
D) Why did the person eat quickly at first but eat much slower after several bites? 
E) Why is the person eating a meal rather than doing something else? 
A) How is food digested? 
B) Why did the eating begin? 
C) Why did the eating end? 
D) Why did the person eat quickly at first but eat much slower after several bites? 
E) Why is the person eating a meal rather than doing something else?

Question 6

Which of the following statements is most true?

Accepted Answer

A) A motive is an internal process that energizes and directs behavior. 
B) Cognitions are short-lived physiological-functional-expressive phenomena. 
C) External motives (incentives)predict behavior better than do internal motives (needs). 
D) Internal motives (needs)predict behavior better than do external motives (incentives). 
A) A motive is an internal process that energizes and directs behavior. 
B) Cognitions are short-lived physiological-functional-expressive phenomena. 
C) External motives (incentives)predict behavior better than do internal motives (needs). 
D) Internal motives (needs)predict behavior better than do external motives (incentives).

Question 7

Explain why motivational psychologists do not solely depend on self-report questionnaire data to assess people's motivational states.

Accepted Answer

Motivational psychologists do not solely

Question 8

How do motivation researchers answer this question:
Why does behavior vary in its intensity?

Accepted Answer

Motivation researchers study the reasons

Question 9

Which of the following statements best defines motivation? Motivation is:

Accepted Answer

A) an intense desire to succeed. 
B) a force that energizes and directs behavior. 
C) a system of rewards and punishments to influence behavior. 
D) positive beliefs about oneself, such as high self-esteem. 
A) an intense desire to succeed. 
B) a force that energizes and directs behavior. 
C) a system of rewards and punishments to influence behavior. 
D) positive beliefs about oneself, such as high self-esteem.

Question 10

_____engagement expresses the extent to which the person actively monitors how well things are going and uses sophisticated learning and problem-solving strategies.

Accepted Answer

A) Behavioral 
B) Cognitive 
C) Emotional 
D) Social 
A) Behavioral 
B) Cognitive 
C) Emotional 
D) Social

Question 11

Which of the following is not a valid criticism of self-report measures of motivation?

Accepted Answer

A) People often give socially desirable, rather than accurate, verbal responses. 
B) Self-report measures are inherently unreliable. 
C) Self-report measures do not work well with either infants or animals. 
D) Self-report measures frequently rely on memory for their accuracy. 
A) People often give socially desirable, rather than accurate, verbal responses. 
B) Self-report measures are inherently unreliable. 
C) Self-report measures do not work well with either infants or animals. 
D) Self-report measures frequently rely on memory for their accuracy.

Question 12

How do motivation researchers answer this question: What causes behavior?

Accepted Answer

Motivation researchers study the forces

Question 13

Provide a definition and example of these two aspects of motivated behavior:
latency and persistence.

Accepted Answer

Latency in motivated behavior refers to

Question 14

If a student asked questions, offered suggestions, and expressed his preferences for how to learn the lesson, he would be rated as scoring high on ________engagement.

Accepted Answer

A) agentic 
B) behavioral 
C) cognitive 
D) emotional 
E) social 
A) agentic 
B) behavioral 
C) cognitive 
D) emotional 
E) social

Question 15

The following example illustrates what core theme in motivation study: $\bullet$People are more sociable on a sunny day than on a cloudy day
$\bullet$People are more violent in the hot summer months than in the cold winter months
$\bullet$People feel hungry because they have low leptin in their bloodstream

Accepted Answer

A) Motivation study reveals what people want 
B) To flourish, motivation needs supportive conditions 
C) Types of motivation exist 
D) We are not always consciously aware of the motivational basis of our behavior 
E) When trying to motivate others, what is easy to do is rarely what works 
A) Motivation study reveals what people want 
B) To flourish, motivation needs supportive conditions 
C) Types of motivation exist 
D) We are not always consciously aware of the motivational basis of our behavior 
E) When trying to motivate others, what is easy to do is rarely what works

Question 16

State the two perennial questions in the motivation study.

Accepted Answer

The study of motivation often revolves a

Question 17

Which of the following statements best supports the conclusion that types of motivations exist?

Accepted Answer

A) Motivation is a dynamic process. 
B) Motivation is a unitary construct. 
C) Some types of motivation yield a higher quality of experience and better outcomes than do other types. 
D) Some types of motivation produce more energy and direction than do others. 
A) Motivation is a dynamic process. 
B) Motivation is a unitary construct. 
C) Some types of motivation yield a higher quality of experience and better outcomes than do other types. 
D) Some types of motivation produce more energy and direction than do others.

Question 18

Why do motivation researchers care so much about monitoring a person's engagement
during an activity? When they monitor a person's engagement, what do they monitor to
determine the person's extent of engagement?

Accepted Answer

Motivation researchers care so much abou

Question 19

In general, motivation researchers rely heavily on ___measures, but only lightly on ___measures.

Accepted Answer

A) behavioral and physiological; self-report 
B) behavioral; self-report and physiological 
C) self-report and behavioral; physiological 
D) self-report; behavioral and physiological 
A) behavioral and physiological; self-report 
B) behavioral; self-report and physiological 
C) self-report and behavioral; physiological 
D) self-report; behavioral and physiological

Question 20

___is the time between when a behavior first starts until it ends.

Accepted Answer

A) Choice 
B) Effort 
C) Latency 
D) Persistence 
E) Probability of response 
A) Choice 
B) Effort 
C) Latency 
D) Persistence 
E) Probability of response

Pairing "science" and "motivation" in the phrase "motivational science" means that answers to motivational questions require:

________are short-lived subjective-physiological-functional-expressive phenomena that orchestrate how a person reacts to significant life events.

People often say that the best way to motivate others is to increase their self-esteem, as in "Find a way to make people feel good about themselves, and then all sorts of good things start to happen." In response to this approach to motivation, the textbook concluded that:

If a student pays very close attention to the learning materials, puts a lot of effort into the learning, and persists in the learning for an extended period of time, she would be rated as scoring high on _________engagement.

A motivation researcher interested in understanding why a person eats a meal needs to answer all of the following questions, except:

Which of the following statements is most true?

Explain why motivational psychologists do not solely depend on self-report questionnaire data to assess people's motivational states.

How do motivation researchers answer this question: Why does behavior vary in its intensity?

Which of the following statements best defines motivation? Motivation is:

_____engagement expresses the extent to which the person actively monitors how well things are going and uses sophisticated learning and problem-solving strategies.

Which of the following is not a valid criticism of self-report measures of motivation?

How do motivation researchers answer this question: What causes behavior?

Provide a definition and example of these two aspects of motivated behavior: latency and persistence.

If a student asked questions, offered suggestions, and expressed his preferences for how to learn the lesson, he would be rated as scoring high on ________engagement.

State the two perennial questions in the motivation study.

Which of the following statements best supports the conclusion that types of motivations exist?

Why do motivation researchers care so much about monitoring a person's engagement during an activity? When they monitor a person's engagement, what do they monitor to determine the person's extent of engagement?

In general, motivation researchers rely heavily on _measures, but only lightly on _measures.

___is the time between when a behavior first starts until it ends.

Motivation and Emotion in Historical Perspective

The Motivated and Emotional Brain

Physiological Needs

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations

Psychological Needs

Implicit Motives

Goal Setting and Goal Striving

Mindsets

Personal Control Beliefs

The Self and Its Strivings

Nature of Emotion: Six Perennial Questions

Aspects of Emotion

Individual Emotions

Growth Motivation and Positive Psychology

Unconscious Motivation

Interventions

Filters

Exam 1: Introduction

Pairing "science" and "motivation" in the phrase "motivational science" means that answers to motivational questions require:

________are short-lived subjective-physiological-functional-expressive phenomena that orchestrate how a person reacts to significant life events.

People often say that the best way to motivate others is to increase their self-esteem, as in "Find a way to make people feel good about themselves, and then all sorts of good things start to happen." In response to this approach to motivation, the textbook concluded that:

If a student pays very close attention to the learning materials, puts a lot of effort into the learning, and persists in the learning for an extended period of time, she would be rated as scoring high on _________engagement.

A motivation researcher interested in understanding why a person eats a meal needs to answer all of the following questions, except:

Which of the following statements is most true?

Explain why motivational psychologists do not solely depend on self-report questionnaire data to assess people's motivational states.

How do motivation researchers answer this question: Why does behavior vary in its intensity?

Which of the following statements best defines motivation? Motivation is:

_____engagement expresses the extent to which the person actively monitors how well things are going and uses sophisticated learning and problem-solving strategies.

Which of the following is not a valid criticism of self-report measures of motivation?

How do motivation researchers answer this question: What causes behavior?

Provide a definition and example of these two aspects of motivated behavior: latency and persistence.

If a student asked questions, offered suggestions, and expressed his preferences for how to learn the lesson, he would be rated as scoring high on ________engagement.

State the two perennial questions in the motivation study.

Which of the following statements best supports the conclusion that types of motivations exist?

Why do motivation researchers care so much about monitoring a person's engagement during an activity? When they monitor a person's engagement, what do they monitor to determine the person's extent of engagement?

In general, motivation researchers rely heavily on ___measures, but only lightly on ___measures.

___is the time between when a behavior first starts until it ends.

Motivation and Emotion in Historical Perspective

The Motivated and Emotional Brain

Physiological Needs

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations

Psychological Needs

Implicit Motives

Goal Setting and Goal Striving

Mindsets

Personal Control Beliefs

The Self and Its Strivings

Nature of Emotion: Six Perennial Questions

Aspects of Emotion

Individual Emotions

Growth Motivation and Positive Psychology

Unconscious Motivation

Interventions

Filters

In general, motivation researchers rely heavily on _measures, but only lightly on _measures.