Exam 9: Designing Adaptive Organizations

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A virtual organization is an organization that outsources noncore business activities to outside companies, suppliers, specialists, or consultants.

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The term task description refers to the number, kind, and variety of tasks that individual workers perform in doing their jobs.

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There is one common disadvantage associated with geographic, product, and customer departmentalization. What is it? Explain how the functional and matrix forms avoid this disadvantage.

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The common disadvantage to many forms of departmentalization, which is not shared by the functional and matrix forms, is duplication of resources. This disadvantage is shared by the product, customer, and geographic approaches to departmentalization, all of which typically duplicate functional departments such as human resources and sales in each of their divisions. Since the functional structure organizes workers around functions and does not have divisions, duplication never occurs. In the case of the matrix structure, duplication is minimized or avoided by assigning and reassigning workers from functional departments to different projects as they are needed.

Functional departmentalization organizes work and workers into separate units responsible for particular business functions or areas of expertise.

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Amethyst Inc. is a manufacturer of acrylic and latex gloves. It sells the gloves to medical laboratories, chemical factories, micro-tech equipment manufacturing companies, and cleaning services. The work and workers at Amethyst Inc. are organized to better satisfy the needs of each of its four target markets. As such, Amethyst Inc. most likely uses _____.

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Empowerment can lead to changes in organizational processes because meaning, competence, impact, and self-determination produce empowered employees who take active rather than passive roles in their work.

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Functional departmentalization organizes work and workers into separate units responsible for particular business functions or areas of expertise.

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While organizational structure emphasizes the activities through which work is done in the organization, organizational process emphasizes jobs and their authority relationships.

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In matrix departmentalization, as in other forms of departmentalization, most employees report to a single boss.

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The two disadvantages associated with product departmentalization are costly duplication and difficulties with cross-departmental coordination.

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Organizational structure is the description of the vertical and horizontal configuration of departments, authority, and jobs within a company.

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The term task description refers to the number, kind, and variety of tasks that individual workers perform in doing their jobs.

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_____ is notorious for confusion and conflict between project managers in different areas of the organization.

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Because of problems associated with conflicts over schedules, budgets, and available resources, and the availability of employees, _____ often evolves from a simple form to a more complex form.

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What is an intraorganizational process? Identify the techniques used by companies today to change these processes. Evaluate the probable level of risk to a company in using each of these approaches.

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A(n) _____ is a form of matrix departmentalization in which managers from different parts of the matrix report to matrix managers, who help them sort out conflicts and problems.

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A(n) _____ is a form of matrix departmentalization in which managers in different parts of the matrix negotiate conflicts and resources directly.

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The most common matrix combines customer and functional forms of departmentalization.

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Job enlargement and job enrichment mean essentially the same thing.

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Bridget's Gift Store has four departments. These departments are grouped as flowers and gifts, cards and e-cards, Bridget's collectibles, and Photo albums and scrapbooks. Bridget's Gift Store most likely uses _____.

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