Question 1

The two main processes by which sediment is produced are:

Accepted Answer

A)  physical and chemical weathering 
B)  subduction and melting 
C)  transportation and deposition 
A)  physical and chemical weathering 
B)  subduction and melting 
C)  transportation and deposition

Question 2

What can you infer from this contact between an overlying conglomerate and underlying sandstone?

Accepted Answer

A)  The conglomerate was deposited by the wind. 
B)  There was a gradual switch from marine to nonmarine conditions. 
C)  There was a gradual switch from nonmarine to marine conditions. 
D)  There was an abrupt event, such as a flood. 
A)  The conglomerate was deposited by the wind. 
B)  There was a gradual switch from marine to nonmarine conditions. 
C)  There was a gradual switch from nonmarine to marine conditions. 
D)  There was an abrupt event, such as a flood.

Question 3

This photograph shows chalk. How is it formed?

Accepted Answer

A)  evaporation of water in a lake or sea 
B)  accumulation of microscopic organisms composed of calcium carbonate 
C)  precipitation from seawater early in Earth's history 
D)  accumulation of silica-rich organisms or mixing of seawater and groundwater 
A)  evaporation of water in a lake or sea 
B)  accumulation of microscopic organisms composed of calcium carbonate 
C)  precipitation from seawater early in Earth's history 
D)  accumulation of silica-rich organisms or mixing of seawater and groundwater

Question 4

Loose debris on a rock-exposed landscape is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  talus 
B)  badlands 
C)  rock banding 
D)  varnish 
A)  talus 
B)  badlands 
C)  rock banding 
D)  varnish

Question 5

Lime muds and clastic limestone sands are deposits that form carbonate rocks in:

Accepted Answer

A)  nearshore environments 
B)  fluvial environments 
C)  deep-sea environments 
D)  swampy environments 
A)  nearshore environments 
B)  fluvial environments 
C)  deep-sea environments 
D)  swampy environments

Question 6

Which of the following sites would have sand and silt deposited by slowing of the current?

Accepted Answer

A)  mountains at A 
B)  glacial streams at B 
C)  braided river at C 
D)  delta at D 
E)  lake at E 
A)  mountains at A 
B)  glacial streams at B 
C)  braided river at C 
D)  delta at D 
E)  lake at E

Question 7

What type of rock is shown in this photograph?

Accepted Answer

A)  conglomerate 
B)  breccia 
C)  sandstone 
D)  siltstone or shale 
A)  conglomerate 
B)  breccia 
C)  sandstone 
D)  siltstone or shale

Question 8

The most likely cause of graded bedding found in sedimentary rocks and exemplified in this photograph is:

Accepted Answer

A)  reduction in water current velocity 
B)  increase in water current velocity 
C)  settling after uniform deposition 
D)  change in wind direction moving across the top of the jar 
A)  reduction in water current velocity 
B)  increase in water current velocity 
C)  settling after uniform deposition 
D)  change in wind direction moving across the top of the jar

Question 9

A sandstone containing mostly sand but mixed with rounded pebbles and pieces of shells indicates deposition:

Accepted Answer

A)  by waves at the beach 
B)  by wind in dunes 
C)  by water far offshore 
D)  by mass wasting events 
A)  by waves at the beach 
B)  by wind in dunes 
C)  by water far offshore 
D)  by mass wasting events

Question 10

What type of rock would you form in this environment, showing a dried up lake bed?

Accepted Answer

A)  rock salt and other evaporite minerals 
B)  limestone 
C)  coal 
D)  chert 
E)  iron formation 
A)  rock salt and other evaporite minerals 
B)  limestone 
C)  coal 
D)  chert 
E)  iron formation

Question 11

Shallow coastal accumulations of sand that rise above the sea as long, narrow islands are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  barrier islands 
B)  fringing islands 
C)  sand islands 
A)  barrier islands 
B)  fringing islands 
C)  sand islands

Question 12

What happens to the majority of sediment being carried by moving water as it enters a standing body little or no motion) of water?

Accepted Answer

A)  The sediment gradually settles to the bottom. 
B)  The sediment remains suspended. 
C)  The sediment dissolves in the water column. 
A)  The sediment gradually settles to the bottom. 
B)  The sediment remains suspended. 
C)  The sediment dissolves in the water column.

Question 13

Using the stratigraphic section and photographs located in the textbook Chapter 7 Investigation), determine the environment of deposition for the dark gray shale there is one correct answer).

Accepted Answer

A)  steep mountain front 
B)  river system 
C)  sand dunes 
D)  plant-rich swamp 
E)  muddy part of ocean 
A)  steep mountain front 
B)  river system 
C)  sand dunes 
D)  plant-rich swamp 
E)  muddy part of ocean

Question 14

Identify the factors) that strongly influence the size, shape, and/or sorting of sedimentary clasts.

Accepted Answer

A)  Steepness of slope 
B)  Sediment supply 
C)  Strength of current 
D)  Agents of transport 
E)  All of these 
A)  Steepness of slope 
B)  Sediment supply 
C)  Strength of current 
D)  Agents of transport 
E)  All of these

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a common type of cement in sedimentary rocks?

Accepted Answer

A)  calcite 
B)  pyroxene 
C)  silica 
D)  iron-oxide minerals 
A)  calcite 
B)  pyroxene 
C)  silica 
D)  iron-oxide minerals

The two main processes by which sediment is produced are:

What can you infer from this contact between an overlying conglomerate and underlying sandstone?

This photograph shows chalk. How is it formed?

Loose debris on a rock-exposed landscape is known as:

Lime muds and clastic limestone sands are deposits that form carbonate rocks in:

Which of the following sites would have sand and silt deposited by slowing of the current?

What type of rock is shown in this photograph?

The most likely cause of graded bedding found in sedimentary rocks and exemplified in this photograph is:

A sandstone containing mostly sand but mixed with rounded pebbles and pieces of shells indicates deposition:

What type of rock would you form in this environment, showing a dried up lake bed?

Shallow coastal accumulations of sand that rise above the sea as long, narrow islands are called:

What happens to the majority of sediment being carried by moving water as it enters a standing body little or no motion) of water?

Using the stratigraphic section and photographs located in the textbook Chapter 7 Investigation), determine the environment of deposition for the dark gray shale there is one correct answer).

Identify the factors) that strongly influence the size, shape, and/or sorting of sedimentary clasts.

Which of the following is NOT a common type of cement in sedimentary rocks?

The Nature of Geology

Investigating Geologic Questions

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Igneous Environments

Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards

Deformation and Metamorphism

Geologic Time

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Exam 7: Sedimentary Environments

The two main processes by which sediment is produced are:

What can you infer from this contact between an overlying conglomerate and underlying sandstone?

This photograph shows chalk. How is it formed?

Loose debris on a rock-exposed landscape is known as:

Lime muds and clastic limestone sands are deposits that form carbonate rocks in:

Which of the following sites would have sand and silt deposited by slowing of the current?

What type of rock is shown in this photograph?

The most likely cause of graded bedding found in sedimentary rocks and exemplified in this photograph is:

A sandstone containing mostly sand but mixed with rounded pebbles and pieces of shells indicates deposition:

What type of rock would you form in this environment, showing a dried up lake bed?

Shallow coastal accumulations of sand that rise above the sea as long, narrow islands are called:

What happens to the majority of sediment being carried by moving water as it enters a standing body little or no motion) of water?

Using the stratigraphic section and photographs located in the textbook Chapter 7 Investigation), determine the environment of deposition for the dark gray shale there is one correct answer).

Identify the factors) that strongly influence the size, shape, and/or sorting of sedimentary clasts.

Which of the following is NOT a common type of cement in sedimentary rocks?

The Nature of Geology

Investigating Geologic Questions

Plate Tectonics

Earth Materials

Igneous Environments

Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards

Deformation and Metamorphism

Geologic Time

Seafloor and Continental Margins

Mountains, Basins, and Continents

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

Climate and Weathering

Glaciers, Shorelines, and Changing Sea Levels

Weathering, Soil, and Unstable Slopes

Streams and Flooding

Water Resources

Energy and Mineral Resources

Geology of the Solar System

Filters