Question 1

Downslope marine flows comprised of mixed masses of sand, mud, and water are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  turbidity currents 
B)  longshore currents 
C)  tidal currents 
A)  turbidity currents 
B)  longshore currents 
C)  tidal currents

Question 2

Which of the following is characteristic of a transgression?

Accepted Answer

A)  the seas move out, uncovering more land 
B)  sand dunes and river sediments can be deposited over marine deposits 
C)  marine sedimentary facies move toward the land 
D)  all of these 
A)  the seas move out, uncovering more land 
B)  sand dunes and river sediments can be deposited over marine deposits 
C)  marine sedimentary facies move toward the land 
D)  all of these

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a way to form layers in a sedimentary rock?

Accepted Answer

A)  occurrence of a discrete event like a flood 
B)  a change in the strength of the current 
C)  a change in the supply of sediment 
D)  a change in climate of the region 
E)  all of these are ways to form layers 
A)  occurrence of a discrete event like a flood 
B)  a change in the strength of the current 
C)  a change in the supply of sediment 
D)  a change in climate of the region 
E)  all of these are ways to form layers

Question 4

Which of the following environments is NOT a setting in which limestone forms?

Accepted Answer

A)  coral reefs 
B)  deposition of calcite near springs 
C)  some lakes 
D)  accumulation of the remains of microscopic organisms 
E)  all of these are environments in which limestone forms 
A)  coral reefs 
B)  deposition of calcite near springs 
C)  some lakes 
D)  accumulation of the remains of microscopic organisms 
E)  all of these are environments in which limestone forms

Question 5

If a rock is poorly sorted, this means the rock contains:

Accepted Answer

A)  mostly sand 
B)  a great variety of rock types as clasts 
C)  some angular and some rounded clasts 
D)  some parts that are reddish and others that are not 
E)  a wide range in the size of clasts 
A)  mostly sand 
B)  a great variety of rock types as clasts 
C)  some angular and some rounded clasts 
D)  some parts that are reddish and others that are not 
E)  a wide range in the size of clasts

Question 6

From the answers provided, select the oldest environment represented by this rock sequence.

Accepted Answer

A)  the middle of a lake 
B)  steep mountain front 
C)  the deep ocean 
D)  a river system 
E)  a coral reef 
A)  the middle of a lake 
B)  steep mountain front 
C)  the deep ocean 
D)  a river system 
E)  a coral reef

Question 7

Which of the following statements best summarizes the history of the entire sequence?

Accepted Answer

A)  a transgression, where the sea comes in 
B)  a regression, where the sea goes out 
C)  a transgression followed by a regression 
D)  a regression followed by a transgression 
A)  a transgression, where the sea comes in 
B)  a regression, where the sea goes out 
C)  a transgression followed by a regression 
D)  a regression followed by a transgression

Question 8

The rounded clasts in this sedimentary deposit were likely transported:

Accepted Answer

A)  by a river 
B)  by the wind and rounded by a rolling action during this transport 
C)  by a mudflow and rounded by a rolling action during this transport 
A)  by a river 
B)  by the wind and rounded by a rolling action during this transport 
C)  by a mudflow and rounded by a rolling action during this transport

Question 9

Which of the following units was most likely deposited in the deepest marine water?

Accepted Answer

A)  unit 5 
B)  unit 4 
C)  unit 3 
D)  unit 2 
E)  unit 1 
A)  unit 5 
B)  unit 4 
C)  unit 3 
D)  unit 2 
E)  unit 1

Question 10

The typical large clasts found in breccia indicate that the energy levels of the transporting medium were:

Accepted Answer

A)  high 
B)  low 
C)  varying between medium and low 
A)  high 
B)  low 
C)  varying between medium and low

Question 11

How does chert form?

Accepted Answer

A)  evaporation of water in a lake or sea 
B)  accumulation of microscopic organisms composed of calcium carbonate 
C)  precipitation from seawater early in Earth's history 
D)  accumulation of silica-rich organisms or mixing of seawater and groundwater 
A)  evaporation of water in a lake or sea 
B)  accumulation of microscopic organisms composed of calcium carbonate 
C)  precipitation from seawater early in Earth's history 
D)  accumulation of silica-rich organisms or mixing of seawater and groundwater

Question 12

Observe the rocks and landscape in this photograph, which shows a sequence of layers. From the list of observations below, select those observations that you think are valid. Refer to the Chapter 7 Investigation in your textbook for descriptions of the rock units.

Accepted Answer

A)  The rocks in this image display many layers. 
B)  The upper rocks form erosionally resistant cliffs and ledges. 
C)  The gray rocks in the middle form slopes and small, rounded ridges. 
D)  The slope-forming gray rocks just below the cliff do not contain much vegetation covering the rocks. 
E)  all of these 
A)  The rocks in this image display many layers. 
B)  The upper rocks form erosionally resistant cliffs and ledges. 
C)  The gray rocks in the middle form slopes and small, rounded ridges. 
D)  The slope-forming gray rocks just below the cliff do not contain much vegetation covering the rocks. 
E)  all of these

Question 13

The deep-sea floor is characterized by sediment dominated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  fine dust and the remains of single-celled organisms 
B)  silt and sand derived from rivers and streams 
C)  calcite mud and other material derived from coral reefs 
A)  fine dust and the remains of single-celled organisms 
B)  silt and sand derived from rivers and streams 
C)  calcite mud and other material derived from coral reefs

Question 14

A very well sorted sandstone with large-scale cross-bedding indicates the sand was likely:

Accepted Answer

A)  deposited by the wind in dunes 
B)  deposited by water in a braided river system 
C)  deposited by water in a meandering river system 
D)  deposited by a turbidity current offshore 
A)  deposited by the wind in dunes 
B)  deposited by water in a braided river system 
C)  deposited by water in a meandering river system 
D)  deposited by a turbidity current offshore

Question 15

This sandstone includes small rounded pebbles and was deposited far from the ocean. What is the most likely environment in which it formed?

Accepted Answer

A)  sand dunes 
B)  river 
C)  beach next to a sea 
D)  deep-water turbidity currents 
A)  sand dunes 
B)  river 
C)  beach next to a sea 
D)  deep-water turbidity currents

Question 16

Which of the rock layers in this figure was most likely deposited in a shoreline environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  the reddish breccia 
B)  both of the tan sandstones 
C)  the limestone in the middle of the gray shale 
D)  the lowest reddish sandstone 
E)  all of these 
A)  the reddish breccia 
B)  both of the tan sandstones 
C)  the limestone in the middle of the gray shale 
D)  the lowest reddish sandstone 
E)  all of these

Question 17

Which of the following are NOT common in landscapes formed by carbonate rocks?

Accepted Answer

A)  sinkholes 
B)  fractures widened by dissolution 
C)  well-defined layers beds) 
D)  outcrops with pits or holes 
E)  all of these are common in carbonate landscapes 
A)  sinkholes 
B)  fractures widened by dissolution 
C)  well-defined layers beds) 
D)  outcrops with pits or holes 
E)  all of these are common in carbonate landscapes

Question 18

Which of the following environments would likely have clasts smaller than sand?

Accepted Answer

A)  a weak current 
B)  steep slopes 
C)  dunes formed by wind 
D)  all of these 
A)  a weak current 
B)  steep slopes 
C)  dunes formed by wind 
D)  all of these

Question 19

This sandstone includes shells of marine creatures that live in shallow water. What is the most likely environment in which it formed?

Accepted Answer

A)  sand dunes 
B)  river 
C)  beach next to a sea 
D)  deep-water turbidity currents 
A)  sand dunes 
B)  river 
C)  beach next to a sea 
D)  deep-water turbidity currents

Question 20

What type of rock is shown in this photograph?

Accepted Answer

A)  conglomerate 
B)  breccia 
C)  sandstone 
D)  siltstone or shale 
A)  conglomerate 
B)  breccia 
C)  sandstone 
D)  siltstone or shale

Downslope marine flows comprised of mixed masses of sand, mud, and water are called:

Which of the following is characteristic of a transgression?

Which of the following is NOT a way to form layers in a sedimentary rock?

Which of the following environments is NOT a setting in which limestone forms?

If a rock is poorly sorted, this means the rock contains:

From the answers provided, select the oldest environment represented by this rock sequence.

Which of the following statements best summarizes the history of the entire sequence?

The rounded clasts in this sedimentary deposit were likely transported:

Which of the following units was most likely deposited in the deepest marine water?

The typical large clasts found in breccia indicate that the energy levels of the transporting medium were:

How does chert form?

Observe the rocks and landscape in this photograph, which shows a sequence of layers. From the list of observations below, select those observations that you think are valid. Refer to the Chapter 7 Investigation in your textbook for descriptions of the rock units.

The deep-sea floor is characterized by sediment dominated by:

A very well sorted sandstone with large-scale cross-bedding indicates the sand was likely:

This sandstone includes small rounded pebbles and was deposited far from the ocean. What is the most likely environment in which it formed?

Which of the rock layers in this figure was most likely deposited in a shoreline environment?

Which of the following are NOT common in landscapes formed by carbonate rocks?

Which of the following environments would likely have clasts smaller than sand?

This sandstone includes shells of marine creatures that live in shallow water. What is the most likely environment in which it formed?

What type of rock is shown in this photograph?

The Nature of Geology

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Deformation and Metamorphism

Geologic Time

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Exam 7: Sedimentary Environments

Downslope marine flows comprised of mixed masses of sand, mud, and water are called:

Which of the following is characteristic of a transgression?

Which of the following is NOT a way to form layers in a sedimentary rock?

Which of the following environments is NOT a setting in which limestone forms?

If a rock is poorly sorted, this means the rock contains:

From the answers provided, select the oldest environment represented by this rock sequence.

Which of the following statements best summarizes the history of the entire sequence?

The rounded clasts in this sedimentary deposit were likely transported:

Which of the following units was most likely deposited in the deepest marine water?

The typical large clasts found in breccia indicate that the energy levels of the transporting medium were:

How does chert form?

Observe the rocks and landscape in this photograph, which shows a sequence of layers. From the list of observations below, select those observations that you think are valid. Refer to the Chapter 7 Investigation in your textbook for descriptions of the rock units.

The deep-sea floor is characterized by sediment dominated by:

A very well sorted sandstone with large-scale cross-bedding indicates the sand was likely:

This sandstone includes small rounded pebbles and was deposited far from the ocean. What is the most likely environment in which it formed?

Which of the rock layers in this figure was most likely deposited in a shoreline environment?

Which of the following are NOT common in landscapes formed by carbonate rocks?

Which of the following environments would likely have clasts smaller than sand?

This sandstone includes shells of marine creatures that live in shallow water. What is the most likely environment in which it formed?

What type of rock is shown in this photograph?

The Nature of Geology

Investigating Geologic Questions

Plate Tectonics

Earth Materials

Igneous Environments

Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards

Deformation and Metamorphism

Geologic Time

Seafloor and Continental Margins

Mountains, Basins, and Continents

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

Climate and Weathering

Glaciers, Shorelines, and Changing Sea Levels

Weathering, Soil, and Unstable Slopes

Streams and Flooding

Water Resources

Energy and Mineral Resources

Geology of the Solar System

Filters