Question 1

Choose those statements that correctly describe limestone.

Accepted Answer

A)  Gray or yellowish in color 
B)  Commonly includes shells 
C)  Forms in water from various processes 
D)  Is known as a carbonate 
E)  All of these statements are correct 
A)  Gray or yellowish in color 
B)  Commonly includes shells 
C)  Forms in water from various processes 
D)  Is known as a carbonate 
E)  All of these statements are correct

Question 2

If you were designing a rock that resisted weathering, which of the following characteristics would it have?

Accepted Answer

A)  closely spaced fractures 
B)  a soluble chemical composition 
C)  a quartz-rich rock 
D)  a rock composed of abundant loose pieces 
A)  closely spaced fractures 
B)  a soluble chemical composition 
C)  a quartz-rich rock 
D)  a rock composed of abundant loose pieces

Question 3

Which of the following is a correct statement about resources in sedimentary rocks?

Accepted Answer

A)  Groundwater mostly resides in the pore spaces between grains and in fractures. 
B)  Oil and natural gas migrate down until they are trapped at depth. 
C)  Coal forms from the burial of deep-water organic shale. 
D)  The most important component of cement comes from siltstone. 
E)  Uranium does not commonly occur in sandstone. 
A)  Groundwater mostly resides in the pore spaces between grains and in fractures. 
B)  Oil and natural gas migrate down until they are trapped at depth. 
C)  Coal forms from the burial of deep-water organic shale. 
D)  The most important component of cement comes from siltstone. 
E)  Uranium does not commonly occur in sandstone.

Question 4

Which of the following environments would most likely have sediment formed by evaporation of seawater?

Accepted Answer

A)  beach at A 
B)  lagoon at B 
C)  coral reef at C 
D)  deep seafloor at D 
E)  tidal flat at E 
A)  beach at A 
B)  lagoon at B 
C)  coral reef at C 
D)  deep seafloor at D 
E)  tidal flat at E

Question 5

Which of the following statements is NOT true about clastic sedimentary rocks?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clasts in a conglomerate or breccia can be different rock types or can be all the same rock type. 
B)  To be called a sandstone, quartz must make up more than 95 percent of the grains. 
C)  The amount of pore space decreases as a sand is compacted into sandstone. 
D)  Siltstone is coarser than shale. 
A)  Clasts in a conglomerate or breccia can be different rock types or can be all the same rock type. 
B)  To be called a sandstone, quartz must make up more than 95 percent of the grains. 
C)  The amount of pore space decreases as a sand is compacted into sandstone. 
D)  Siltstone is coarser than shale.

Question 6

A sandstone with a pinkish or reddish color that is the result of oxidation of iron-bearing minerals indicates the sand was:

Accepted Answer

A)  deposited on land and exposed to air 
B)  deposited offshore in or near a reef 
C)  deposited offshore via a turbidity current 
D)  deposited onshore but strongly mixed with organic material 
A)  deposited on land and exposed to air 
B)  deposited offshore in or near a reef 
C)  deposited offshore via a turbidity current 
D)  deposited onshore but strongly mixed with organic material

Question 7

Which of the following rocks is composed of the smallest sedimentary clasts?

Accepted Answer

A)  breccia 
B)  conglomerate 
C)  shale 
D)  sandstone 
E)  siltstone 
A)  breccia 
B)  conglomerate 
C)  shale 
D)  sandstone 
E)  siltstone

Question 8

Which of the following does NOT help define layers in some sedimentary rocks?

Accepted Answer

A)  a change in mineral composition 
B)  a change in grain size 
C)  a change in color 
D)  a sharp contact between two rock types 
E)  all of these are ways that can define layers in sedimentary rocks 
A)  a change in mineral composition 
B)  a change in grain size 
C)  a change in color 
D)  a sharp contact between two rock types 
E)  all of these are ways that can define layers in sedimentary rocks

Question 9

The boundary between these two different sedimentary layers is:

Accepted Answer

A)  sharp 
B)  gradational 
C)  weak 
A)  sharp 
B)  gradational 
C)  weak

Question 10

A formation is defined as:

Accepted Answer

A)  a rock unit that is distinct and laterally traceable 
B)  a rock unit that varies in composition but represents deposits from the same time period 
C)  a subunit of a sedimentary bed or bedding 
A)  a rock unit that is distinct and laterally traceable 
B)  a rock unit that varies in composition but represents deposits from the same time period 
C)  a subunit of a sedimentary bed or bedding

Question 11

Does the change from the thick gray shale to the overlying sandstone indicate a transgression or a regression?

Accepted Answer

A)  transgression 
B)  regression 
A)  transgression 
B)  regression

Question 12

Sedimentary rocks are comprised of material that comes primarily from:

Accepted Answer

A)  other locations 
B)  the ground below 
C)  the same place the rock forms 
A)  other locations 
B)  the ground below 
C)  the same place the rock forms

Question 13

What type of rock is shown in this photograph?

Accepted Answer

A)  conglomerate 
B)  breccia 
C)  sandstone 
D)  siltstone or shale 
A)  conglomerate 
B)  breccia 
C)  sandstone 
D)  siltstone or shale

Question 14

The largest sand dunes in dry climates can stretch:

Accepted Answer

A)  hundreds of kilometers 
B)  hundreds of meters 
C)  tens of meters 
A)  hundreds of kilometers 
B)  hundreds of meters 
C)  tens of meters

Question 15

Fine-grained sediment would most likely be present at:

Accepted Answer

A)  the beach at A and lagoon at B 
B)  the lagoon at B and coral reef at C 
C)  the coral reef at C and deep seafloor at D 
D)  the beach at A and coral reef at C 
E)  the lagoon at B and deep seafloor at D 
A)  the beach at A and lagoon at B 
B)  the lagoon at B and coral reef at C 
C)  the coral reef at C and deep seafloor at D 
D)  the beach at A and coral reef at C 
E)  the lagoon at B and deep seafloor at D

Question 16

Which of the following is a common characteristic of carbonate rocks?

Accepted Answer

A)  they commonly have a dissolved appearance 
B)  they are commonly black and shiny 
C)  they are commonly reddish 
D)  they do not form cliffs 
E)  all of these 
A)  they commonly have a dissolved appearance 
B)  they are commonly black and shiny 
C)  they are commonly reddish 
D)  they do not form cliffs 
E)  all of these

Question 17

Which of the following attributes does NOT apply to these sediments?

Accepted Answer

A)  angular clasts 
B)  cobbles and boulders 
C)  well sorted 
D)  composed of gravel 
A)  angular clasts 
B)  cobbles and boulders 
C)  well sorted 
D)  composed of gravel

Question 18

Which of the following times indicates a transgression?

Accepted Answer

A)  from unit 2 to unit 3 
B)  from unit 3 to unit 4 
C)  from unit 4 to unit 5 
D)  from unit 5 to unit 6 
E)  both b and c 
A)  from unit 2 to unit 3 
B)  from unit 3 to unit 4 
C)  from unit 4 to unit 5 
D)  from unit 5 to unit 6 
E)  both b and c

Question 19

In this section, a lower limestone is successively overlain by lagoon mudstone and a beach sandstone. What is the best interpretation of what was going on?

Accepted Answer

A)  the areas was experiencing a transgression 
B)  sea level was stable but the temperatures were getting colder 
C)  sea level was stable but the temperatures were getting warmer 
D)  none of these 
A)  the areas was experiencing a transgression 
B)  sea level was stable but the temperatures were getting colder 
C)  sea level was stable but the temperatures were getting warmer 
D)  none of these

Question 20

Observe the rocks and landscape in this photograph, which shows a sequence of layers. From the list of observations below, select the observation that you think is NOT valid. Refer to the Chapter 7 Investigation in your textbook for descriptions of the rock units.

Accepted Answer

A)  Near the bottom of the photograph is a ledge of tan and light-gray rocks. 
B)  The rocks in the cliff display layers of different thicknesses. 
C)  All of the rock layers weather and erode into nearly identical landscape features. 
D)  There are more trees or other types of vegetation in the upper part of the cliff than in the very bottom of the photograph. 
A)  Near the bottom of the photograph is a ledge of tan and light-gray rocks. 
B)  The rocks in the cliff display layers of different thicknesses. 
C)  All of the rock layers weather and erode into nearly identical landscape features. 
D)  There are more trees or other types of vegetation in the upper part of the cliff than in the very bottom of the photograph.

Choose those statements that correctly describe limestone.

If you were designing a rock that resisted weathering, which of the following characteristics would it have?

Which of the following is a correct statement about resources in sedimentary rocks?

Which of the following environments would most likely have sediment formed by evaporation of seawater?

Which of the following statements is NOT true about clastic sedimentary rocks?

A sandstone with a pinkish or reddish color that is the result of oxidation of iron-bearing minerals indicates the sand was:

Which of the following rocks is composed of the smallest sedimentary clasts?

Which of the following does NOT help define layers in some sedimentary rocks?

The boundary between these two different sedimentary layers is:

A formation is defined as:

Does the change from the thick gray shale to the overlying sandstone indicate a transgression or a regression?

Sedimentary rocks are comprised of material that comes primarily from:

What type of rock is shown in this photograph?

The largest sand dunes in dry climates can stretch:

Fine-grained sediment would most likely be present at:

Which of the following is a common characteristic of carbonate rocks?

Which of the following attributes does NOT apply to these sediments?

Which of the following times indicates a transgression?

In this section, a lower limestone is successively overlain by lagoon mudstone and a beach sandstone. What is the best interpretation of what was going on?

Observe the rocks and landscape in this photograph, which shows a sequence of layers. From the list of observations below, select the observation that you think is NOT valid. Refer to the Chapter 7 Investigation in your textbook for descriptions of the rock units.

The Nature of Geology

Investigating Geologic Questions

Plate Tectonics

Earth Materials

Igneous Environments

Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards

Deformation and Metamorphism

Geologic Time

Seafloor and Continental Margins

Mountains, Basins, and Continents

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

Climate and Weathering

Glaciers, Shorelines, and Changing Sea Levels

Weathering, Soil, and Unstable Slopes

Streams and Flooding

Water Resources

Energy and Mineral Resources

Geology of the Solar System

Filters

Exam 7: Sedimentary Environments

Choose those statements that correctly describe limestone.

If you were designing a rock that resisted weathering, which of the following characteristics would it have?

Which of the following is a correct statement about resources in sedimentary rocks?

Which of the following environments would most likely have sediment formed by evaporation of seawater?

Which of the following statements is NOT true about clastic sedimentary rocks?

A sandstone with a pinkish or reddish color that is the result of oxidation of iron-bearing minerals indicates the sand was:

Which of the following rocks is composed of the smallest sedimentary clasts?

Which of the following does NOT help define layers in some sedimentary rocks?

The boundary between these two different sedimentary layers is:

A formation is defined as:

Does the change from the thick gray shale to the overlying sandstone indicate a transgression or a regression?

Sedimentary rocks are comprised of material that comes primarily from:

What type of rock is shown in this photograph?

The largest sand dunes in dry climates can stretch:

Fine-grained sediment would most likely be present at:

Which of the following is a common characteristic of carbonate rocks?

Which of the following attributes does NOT apply to these sediments?

Which of the following times indicates a transgression?

In this section, a lower limestone is successively overlain by lagoon mudstone and a beach sandstone. What is the best interpretation of what was going on?

Observe the rocks and landscape in this photograph, which shows a sequence of layers. From the list of observations below, select the observation that you think is NOT valid. Refer to the Chapter 7 Investigation in your textbook for descriptions of the rock units.

The Nature of Geology

Investigating Geologic Questions

Plate Tectonics

Earth Materials

Igneous Environments

Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards

Deformation and Metamorphism

Geologic Time

Seafloor and Continental Margins

Mountains, Basins, and Continents

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

Climate and Weathering

Glaciers, Shorelines, and Changing Sea Levels

Weathering, Soil, and Unstable Slopes

Streams and Flooding

Water Resources

Energy and Mineral Resources

Geology of the Solar System

Filters