Question 1

What does this welded texture indicate about the formation of this rock?

Accepted Answer

A)  It formed from an explosive pyroclastic eruption. 
B)  The rock solidified at great depth. 
C)  The magma formed some crystals before rising closer to the surface and solidifying. 
D)  The magma had abundant dissolved gas. 
A)  It formed from an explosive pyroclastic eruption. 
B)  The rock solidified at great depth. 
C)  The magma formed some crystals before rising closer to the surface and solidifying. 
D)  The magma had abundant dissolved gas. A

Question 2

At which of the sites shown in this figure would melting probably be caused by introduction of water into hot rocks?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E C

Question 3

Which of the following photographs depicts an igneous rock where the magma cooled slowly at first and then had fast cooling?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    D

Question 4

What texture is displayed by the igneous rock in this photograph?

Accepted Answer

A)  vesicles 
B)  breccia 
C)  porphyritic 
D)  glassy 
E)  none of these 
A)  vesicles 
B)  breccia 
C)  porphyritic 
D)  glassy 
E)  none of these

Question 5

Which of the following igneous rocks would be formed by the fastest cooling?

Accepted Answer

A)  very coarse granite pegmatite 
B)  coarse granite 
C)  medium-grained granite 
D)  fine-grained granite 
E)  volcanic glass 
A)  very coarse granite pegmatite 
B)  coarse granite 
C)  medium-grained granite 
D)  fine-grained granite 
E)  volcanic glass

Question 6

For the letters on this figure, choose the likely cause of melting for Site B.

Accepted Answer

A)  Decompression melting as the mantle rises 
B)  Melting by adding water 
C)  Melting of continental crust caused by an influx of mantle-derived magmas 
A)  Decompression melting as the mantle rises 
B)  Melting by adding water 
C)  Melting of continental crust caused by an influx of mantle-derived magmas

Question 7

An ophiolite is identical to:

Accepted Answer

A)  a newly formed segment of oceanic crust, except it contains an additional layer of sediment 
B)  a magma chamber, only it is formed beneath the ocean 
C)  a combination of mafic and felsic magmas at depth lodged within sheeted dikes of basalt 
A)  a newly formed segment of oceanic crust, except it contains an additional layer of sediment 
B)  a magma chamber, only it is formed beneath the ocean 
C)  a combination of mafic and felsic magmas at depth lodged within sheeted dikes of basalt

Question 8

Which of the following changes in conditions represents decompression melting?

Accepted Answer

A)  from A to B 
B)  from B to A 
C)  from B to C 
D)  from C to B 
E)  from D to A 
A)  from A to B 
B)  from B to A 
C)  from B to C 
D)  from C to B 
E)  from D to A

Question 9

Most subduction-derived magma never reaches the surface. However, what is formed if this type of magma reaches the surface of a continent?

Accepted Answer

A)  belts of volcanoes 
B)  lines of calderas 
C)  basalt fissure 
A)  belts of volcanoes 
B)  lines of calderas 
C)  basalt fissure

Question 10

Which letter in this classification table indicates the position of gabbro?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 11

What does the texture of this rock indicate about its cooling history? The magma cooled:

Accepted Answer

A)  entirely at the surface 
B)  for a while at some depth and then rose to the surface where it finished solidifying 
C)  slowly under relatively deep conditions 
D)  slowly in the presence of water 
A)  entirely at the surface 
B)  for a while at some depth and then rose to the surface where it finished solidifying 
C)  slowly under relatively deep conditions 
D)  slowly in the presence of water

Question 12

Which of the following is the best example of heat transfer by conduction?

Accepted Answer

A)  newly created lithosphere loses heat to adjacent rocks 
B)  water flows in a circular path in a pan 
C)  a burner gives heat through the air without touching the object 
D)  seawater is drawn into a mid-ocean ridge 
A)  newly created lithosphere loses heat to adjacent rocks 
B)  water flows in a circular path in a pan 
C)  a burner gives heat through the air without touching the object 
D)  seawater is drawn into a mid-ocean ridge

Question 13

An igneous rock that solidifies below the surface is called an):

Accepted Answer

A)  intrusive rock 
B)  extrusive rock 
C)  magma rock 
D)  lava rock 
A)  intrusive rock 
B)  extrusive rock 
C)  magma rock 
D)  lava rock

Question 14

Which of the magma systems shown is most likely to include felsic or intermediate magmas?

Accepted Answer

A)  A and B 
B)  B and C 
C)  A, B, and C 
D)  B, C, and D 
E)  C, D, and E 
A)  A and B 
B)  B and C 
C)  A, B, and C 
D)  B, C, and D 
E)  C, D, and E

Question 15

What is a path for magma as it solidifies at great depth and then is uplifted slowly toward the surface?

Accepted Answer

A)  from B to A 
B)  from C to A 
C)  from C to B to A 
D)  from D to C to B 
E)  from D to C to A 
A)  from B to A 
B)  from C to A 
C)  from C to B to A 
D)  from D to C to B 
E)  from D to C to A

Question 16

How could a rock at point C be melted?

Accepted Answer

A)  increase in temperature 
B)  decrease in pressure 
C)  increase in temperature accompanied by a decrease in pressure 
D)  all of these 
A)  increase in temperature 
B)  decrease in pressure 
C)  increase in temperature accompanied by a decrease in pressure 
D)  all of these

Question 17

The igneous feature shown in this figure is a:

Accepted Answer

A)  dike 
B)  sill 
C)  volcanic neck 
D)  laccolith 
A)  dike 
B)  sill 
C)  volcanic neck 
D)  laccolith

Question 18

When melting forms magma:

Accepted Answer

A)  rocks in the source region generally are completely melted 
B)  partial melting produces a magma that is more felsic than the source 
C)  melting of the mantle generally produces felsic magma 
D)  melting of continental crust generally produces mafic magma 
E)  none of these 
A)  rocks in the source region generally are completely melted 
B)  partial melting produces a magma that is more felsic than the source 
C)  melting of the mantle generally produces felsic magma 
D)  melting of continental crust generally produces mafic magma 
E)  none of these

Question 19

What texture is displayed by the igneous rock in this photograph?

Accepted Answer

A)  vesicles 
B)  breccia 
C)  porphyritic 
D)  glassy 
E)  none of these 
A)  vesicles 
B)  breccia 
C)  porphyritic 
D)  glassy 
E)  none of these

Question 20

Most hot spots are considered to be:

Accepted Answer

A)  crustal expressions of a rising plume of hot magma 
B)  volcanoes with an active lava flow 
C)  seamounts with no active flow of lava 
A)  crustal expressions of a rising plume of hot magma 
B)  volcanoes with an active lava flow 
C)  seamounts with no active flow of lava

What does this welded texture indicate about the formation of this rock?

At which of the sites shown in this figure would melting probably be caused by introduction of water into hot rocks?

Which of the following photographs depicts an igneous rock where the magma cooled slowly at first and then had fast cooling?

What texture is displayed by the igneous rock in this photograph?

Which of the following igneous rocks would be formed by the fastest cooling?

For the letters on this figure, choose the likely cause of melting for Site B.

An ophiolite is identical to:

Which of the following changes in conditions represents decompression melting?

Most subduction-derived magma never reaches the surface. However, what is formed if this type of magma reaches the surface of a continent?

Which letter in this classification table indicates the position of gabbro?

What does the texture of this rock indicate about its cooling history? The magma cooled:

Which of the following is the best example of heat transfer by conduction?

An igneous rock that solidifies below the surface is called an):

Which of the magma systems shown is most likely to include felsic or intermediate magmas?

What is a path for magma as it solidifies at great depth and then is uplifted slowly toward the surface?

How could a rock at point C be melted?

The igneous feature shown in this figure is a:

When melting forms magma:

What texture is displayed by the igneous rock in this photograph?

Most hot spots are considered to be:

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Exam 5: Igneous Environments

What does this welded texture indicate about the formation of this rock?

At which of the sites shown in this figure would melting probably be caused by introduction of water into hot rocks?

Which of the following photographs depicts an igneous rock where the magma cooled slowly at first and then had fast cooling?

What texture is displayed by the igneous rock in this photograph?

Which of the following igneous rocks would be formed by the fastest cooling?

For the letters on this figure, choose the likely cause of melting for Site B.

An ophiolite is identical to:

Which of the following changes in conditions represents decompression melting?

Most subduction-derived magma never reaches the surface. However, what is formed if this type of magma reaches the surface of a continent?

Which letter in this classification table indicates the position of gabbro?

What does the texture of this rock indicate about its cooling history? The magma cooled:

Which of the following is the best example of heat transfer by conduction?

An igneous rock that solidifies below the surface is called an):

Which of the magma systems shown is most likely to include felsic or intermediate magmas?

What is a path for magma as it solidifies at great depth and then is uplifted slowly toward the surface?

How could a rock at point C be melted?

The igneous feature shown in this figure is a:

When melting forms magma:

What texture is displayed by the igneous rock in this photograph?

Most hot spots are considered to be:

The Nature of Geology

Investigating Geologic Questions

Plate Tectonics

Earth Materials

Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards

Sedimentary Environments

Deformation and Metamorphism

Geologic Time

Seafloor and Continental Margins

Mountains, Basins, and Continents

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

Climate and Weathering

Glaciers, Shorelines, and Changing Sea Levels

Weathering, Soil, and Unstable Slopes

Streams and Flooding

Water Resources

Energy and Mineral Resources

Geology of the Solar System

Filters