Question 1

What is the recommended increase in daily energy intake, in kcal, for the third trimester of pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A) 200 
B) 300 
C) 450 
D) 540 
A) 200 
B) 300 
C) 450 
D) 540

Question 2

Which of the following statements describes a relationship between alcohol intake and fetal development?

Accepted Answer

A) Birth defects are most severe when the woman drinks around the time of conception 
B) Infants born with fetal alcohol syndrome typically show immediate signs of brain impairment 
C) Eating well and maintaining adequate nutrient stores will prevent alcohol-induced placenta damage 
D) Toxicity to the fetus begins to occur when fetal blood alcohol levels rise above maternal blood alcohol levels 
A) Birth defects are most severe when the woman drinks around the time of conception 
B) Infants born with fetal alcohol syndrome typically show immediate signs of brain impairment 
C) Eating well and maintaining adequate nutrient stores will prevent alcohol-induced placenta damage 
D) Toxicity to the fetus begins to occur when fetal blood alcohol levels rise above maternal blood alcohol levels

Question 3

Why might a lactating woman need to take an iron supplement?

Accepted Answer

A) To improve the flavor of breast milk 
B) To increase iron content of breast milk 
C) To replace the iron stores she lost during pregnancy 
D) To account for the re-start of menstruation that usually occurs 1-2 months postpartum 
A) To improve the flavor of breast milk 
B) To increase iron content of breast milk 
C) To replace the iron stores she lost during pregnancy 
D) To account for the re-start of menstruation that usually occurs 1-2 months postpartum

Question 4

In pregnancy, a large weight gain over a short time is usually an indication of

Accepted Answer

A) excessive fat deposition. 
B) excessive fluid retention. 
C) abnormal fetal development. 
D) normal pregnancy only if it occurs during the second trimester. 
A) excessive fat deposition. 
B) excessive fluid retention. 
C) abnormal fetal development. 
D) normal pregnancy only if it occurs during the second trimester.

Question 5

What is the approximate length of the fetus at 11 weeks of development?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 inch 
B) 6 inches 
C) 1 foot 
D) 1.5 feet 
A) 1 inch 
B) 6 inches 
C) 1 foot 
D) 1.5 feet

Question 6

Which of the following is a feature of heavy metal intake and pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A) Mercury, but not lead, can easily cross the placenta 
B) The adverse effects of lead can be reduced by liberal intakes of calcium 
C) Pregnant women are advised to limit consumption of shark and swordfish to no more than once per week 
D) Pregnant women are advised to avoid shellfish around the critical period of brain development but may resume normal intake thereafter 
A) Mercury, but not lead, can easily cross the placenta 
B) The adverse effects of lead can be reduced by liberal intakes of calcium 
C) Pregnant women are advised to limit consumption of shark and swordfish to no more than once per week 
D) Pregnant women are advised to avoid shellfish around the critical period of brain development but may resume normal intake thereafter

Question 7

What causes the "let-down reflex"?

Accepted Answer

A) Oxytocin 
B) Estrongen 
C) Prepartum amenorrhea 
D) Postpartum amenorrhea 
A) Oxytocin 
B) Estrongen 
C) Prepartum amenorrhea 
D) Postpartum amenorrhea

Question 8

Which of the following recommendations for pregnant women and alcohol intake has been issued by the U.S.Surgeon General?

Accepted Answer

A) They should drink absolutely no alcohol 
B) They should refrain from drinking hard liquor only 
C) They are permitted to ingest no more than 2 drinks per day 
D) They are permitted to ingest small amounts of alcohol during the first 3 months but none thereafter 
A) They should drink absolutely no alcohol 
B) They should refrain from drinking hard liquor only 
C) They are permitted to ingest no more than 2 drinks per day 
D) They are permitted to ingest small amounts of alcohol during the first 3 months but none thereafter

Question 9

Which of the following may be effective at reducing the risk for preeclampsia?

Accepted Answer

A) Bed rest 
B) Exercise 
C) Low-protein diets 
D) Vitamin B12 supplementation 
A) Bed rest 
B) Exercise 
C) Low-protein diets 
D) Vitamin B12 supplementation

Question 10

An infant born with incomplete closure of the spinal cord has

Accepted Answer

A) spina bifida. 
B) macrosomia. 
C) anencephaly. 
D) neural tube seizure. 
A) spina bifida. 
B) macrosomia. 
C) anencephaly. 
D) neural tube seizure.

Question 11

Which of the following is not a feature of malnutrition in pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A) It increases the risk for delivery of a low-birth-weight infant 
B) Around the time of conception, it increases the risk for birth defects 
C) It increases the risk for adverse effects on the child and, if the child is a female, on her children 
D) Around the time of conception, it prevents the uterus from developing fully but spares the placenta 
A) It increases the risk for delivery of a low-birth-weight infant 
B) Around the time of conception, it increases the risk for birth defects 
C) It increases the risk for adverse effects on the child and, if the child is a female, on her children 
D) Around the time of conception, it prevents the uterus from developing fully but spares the placenta

Question 12

In pregnancy, a large weight gain over a short time period is evidence of

Accepted Answer

A) edema. 
B) poor glycemic control. 
C) insufficient physical activity. 
D) development of neural tube defects. 
A) edema. 
B) poor glycemic control. 
C) insufficient physical activity. 
D) development of neural tube defects.

Question 13

Which of the following describes an infant born during the 36th week of pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A) Term 
B) Preterm 
C) Post term 
D) Caesarean 
A) Term 
B) Preterm 
C) Post term 
D) Caesarean

Question 14

Penny is a new mom and, on the advice of her doctor, has been eating an extra whole-wheat bagel with strawberry jelly every night in addition to her nutrient-dense diet.Why did Penny receive this advice?

Accepted Answer

A) Bagels are a way of getting more kcalories in the diet 
B) Bagels provide the extra protein lactating mothers need for lactose production 
C) Babies prefer the strawberry jelly in the mother's diet as it alters the taste of the breast milk 
D) These bagels provide the extra carbohydrates and fiber lactating mothers need for lactose production 
A) Bagels are a way of getting more kcalories in the diet 
B) Bagels provide the extra protein lactating mothers need for lactose production 
C) Babies prefer the strawberry jelly in the mother's diet as it alters the taste of the breast milk 
D) These bagels provide the extra carbohydrates and fiber lactating mothers need for lactose production

Question 15

Which of the following reflects one of the effects of alcohol intake on lactation?

Accepted Answer

A) It does not pass into the breast milk 
B) It hinders the infant's ability to breastfeed 
C) It mildly stimulates breast milk production 
D) It passes into the breast milk but is degraded by enzymes in breast tissue 
A) It does not pass into the breast milk 
B) It hinders the infant's ability to breastfeed 
C) It mildly stimulates breast milk production 
D) It passes into the breast milk but is degraded by enzymes in breast tissue

Question 16

Which of the following is a characteristic of maternal smoking and breast milk production?

Accepted Answer

A) The milk produced by mothers who smoke contains nicotine 
B) Cigarette smoking reduces the quality but not the quantity of breast milk 
C) Infants of breastfeeding mothers who smoke gain excessive weight consisting mainly of abdominal adipose tissue 
D) The smell and flavors of breast milk from mothers who smoke do not alter volume consumed until the infant reaches 3 months of age 
A) The milk produced by mothers who smoke contains nicotine 
B) Cigarette smoking reduces the quality but not the quantity of breast milk 
C) Infants of breastfeeding mothers who smoke gain excessive weight consisting mainly of abdominal adipose tissue 
D) The smell and flavors of breast milk from mothers who smoke do not alter volume consumed until the infant reaches 3 months of age

Question 17

What is the most likely reason for a pregnant woman to crave pickles?

Accepted Answer

A) A change in hormones 
B) A hypoglycemic episode 
C) A physiologic need for fluid 
D) A physiologic need for sodium 
A) A change in hormones 
B) A hypoglycemic episode 
C) A physiologic need for fluid 
D) A physiologic need for sodium

Question 18

What organ of the pregnant woman is central to the exchange of nutrients for waste products with the fetus?

Accepted Answer

A) Uterus 
B) Vagina 
C) Placenta 
D) Amniotic sac 
A) Uterus 
B) Vagina 
C) Placenta 
D) Amniotic sac

Question 19

All of the following are features of zinc nutrition in pregnancy except

Accepted Answer

A) typical intakes are lower than the recommended amount. 
B) supplements are effective in preventing neural tube defects. 
C) a secondary deficiency may develop when iron supplements are taken. 
D) the mineral is needed for nucleic acid synthesis and thus cell development. 
A) typical intakes are lower than the recommended amount. 
B) supplements are effective in preventing neural tube defects. 
C) a secondary deficiency may develop when iron supplements are taken. 
D) the mineral is needed for nucleic acid synthesis and thus cell development.

Question 20

Gestation is generally divided into equal periods of

Accepted Answer

A) 4 weeks, called quarters. 
B) 9 weeks, called quartiles. 
C) 4 months, called semesters. 
D) 3 months, called trimesters. 
A) 4 weeks, called quarters. 
B) 9 weeks, called quartiles. 
C) 4 months, called semesters. 
D) 3 months, called trimesters.

Exam 14: Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

What is the recommended increase in daily energy intake, in kcal, for the third trimester of pregnancy?

Which of the following statements describes a relationship between alcohol intake and fetal development?

Why might a lactating woman need to take an iron supplement?

In pregnancy, a large weight gain over a short time is usually an indication of

What is the approximate length of the fetus at 11 weeks of development?

Which of the following is a feature of heavy metal intake and pregnancy?

What causes the "let-down reflex"?

Which of the following recommendations for pregnant women and alcohol intake has been issued by the U.S.Surgeon General?

Which of the following may be effective at reducing the risk for preeclampsia?

An infant born with incomplete closure of the spinal cord has

Which of the following is not a feature of malnutrition in pregnancy?

In pregnancy, a large weight gain over a short time period is evidence of

Which of the following describes an infant born during the 36th week of pregnancy?

Penny is a new mom and, on the advice of her doctor, has been eating an extra whole-wheat bagel with strawberry jelly every night in addition to her nutrient-dense diet.Why did Penny receive this advice?

Which of the following reflects one of the effects of alcohol intake on lactation?

Which of the following is a characteristic of maternal smoking and breast milk production?

What is the most likely reason for a pregnant woman to crave pickles?

What organ of the pregnant woman is central to the exchange of nutrients for waste products with the fetus?

All of the following are features of zinc nutrition in pregnancy except

Gestation is generally divided into equal periods of

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Metabolism: Transformations and Interactions

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

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