Question 1

Cholesterol carried by oxidized _____ is embedded in artery walls.

Accepted Answer

A) chylomicrons 
B) HDL 
C) LDL and VLDL 
D) VLDL and HDL 
A) chylomicrons 
B) HDL 
C) LDL and VLDL 
D) VLDL and HDL

Question 2

Brian Schmidt is a 58-year-old lawyer with a history of hypertension. His blood pressure has been under fairly good control with prescription medication. His secretary notices that he had a period of confusion and difficulty speaking at a meeting. She advises him to see his doctor.
-Brian most likely suffered:

Accepted Answer

A) a transient ischemic attack. 
B) a myocardial infarction. 
C) hypoglycemia. 
D) thrombosis. 
A) a transient ischemic attack. 
B) a myocardial infarction. 
C) hypoglycemia. 
D) thrombosis.

Question 3

Which of the following is a risk factor for CHD?

Accepted Answer

A) Being female 
B) Body weight 20% less than ideal 
C) HDL greater than 60 mg/dL 
D) LDL cholesterol greater than 160 mg/dL 
A) Being female 
B) Body weight 20% less than ideal 
C) HDL greater than 60 mg/dL 
D) LDL cholesterol greater than 160 mg/dL

Question 4

All of the following favor atherosclerosis development except

Accepted Answer

A) diabetes. 
B) elevated LDL. 
C) smoking. 
D) elevated HDL. 
A) diabetes. 
B) elevated LDL. 
C) smoking. 
D) elevated HDL.

Question 5

Which of the following has been identified as a contributing risk factor for hypertension that can't be modified?

Accepted Answer

A) Obesity 
B) BMI > 30 
C) Genetics 
D) Alcoholism 
A) Obesity 
B) BMI > 30 
C) Genetics 
D) Alcoholism

Question 6

Which reading is indicative of pre-hypertension?

Accepted Answer

A) 117/80 mm Hg 
B) 125/80 mm Hg 
C) 140/90 mm Hg 
D) 140/80 mm Hg 
A) 117/80 mm Hg 
B) 125/80 mm Hg 
C) 140/90 mm Hg 
D) 140/80 mm Hg

Question 7

Based on the limited data provided, which of the following individuals has the lowest risk for developing CHD?

Accepted Answer

A) A 40-year-old man with controlled hypertension 
B) A 50-year-old post-menopausal woman 
C) A 45-year-old woman who is 5'2" and weighs 125 lbs 
D) A 45-year-old woman with an HDL level of 50 mg/dL 
A) A 40-year-old man with controlled hypertension 
B) A 50-year-old post-menopausal woman 
C) A 45-year-old woman who is 5'2" and weighs 125 lbs 
D) A 45-year-old woman with an HDL level of 50 mg/dL

Question 8

A recommendation for clients with hypertension is a low-sodium diet that is

Accepted Answer

A) high in potassium and high in calcium. 
B) low in potassium and high in calcium. 
C) low in potassium and low in calcium. 
D) high in potassium and low in calcium. 
A) high in potassium and high in calcium. 
B) low in potassium and high in calcium. 
C) low in potassium and low in calcium. 
D) high in potassium and low in calcium.

Question 9

All of the following conditions are modifiable risk factors for coronary heart disease except

Accepted Answer

A) hypertension. 
B) gender. 
C) diabetes mellitus. 
D) high LDL cholesterol. 
A) hypertension. 
B) gender. 
C) diabetes mellitus. 
D) high LDL cholesterol.

Question 10

The term for malnutrition associated with chronic heart failure is

Accepted Answer

A) cardiac cachexia. 
B) anorexia nervosa. 
C) dyspnea. 
D) tachycardia. 
A) cardiac cachexia. 
B) anorexia nervosa. 
C) dyspnea. 
D) tachycardia.

Question 11

When clients have edema associated with chronic heart failure, physicians usually order

Accepted Answer

A) cholesterol restriction and bile acid sequestrants. 
B) saturated fat restriction and corticosteroids. 
C) sodium restriction and diuretics. 
D) carbohydrate restriction and insulin. 
A) cholesterol restriction and bile acid sequestrants. 
B) saturated fat restriction and corticosteroids. 
C) sodium restriction and diuretics. 
D) carbohydrate restriction and insulin.

Question 12

Which statement is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Epidemiological studies have clearly demonstrated that dietary antioxidants prevent CHD in adults. 
B) There is currently no recommendation to use antioxidant supplements for heart disease prevention. 
C) Elevated levels of homocysteine in the blood are associated with greater risk for CHD. 
D) B vitamin supplements are not currently recommended for reducing CHD risk. 
A) Epidemiological studies have clearly demonstrated that dietary antioxidants prevent CHD in adults. 
B) There is currently no recommendation to use antioxidant supplements for heart disease prevention. 
C) Elevated levels of homocysteine in the blood are associated with greater risk for CHD. 
D) B vitamin supplements are not currently recommended for reducing CHD risk.

Question 13

Miss Conley has congestive heart failure with cardiac cachexia.Which of the following should she avoid?

Accepted Answer

A) Liquid supplements 
B) High-fiber foods 
C) Alcohol 
D) Exercise 
A) Liquid supplements 
B) High-fiber foods 
C) Alcohol 
D) Exercise

Question 14

A source of omega-3 fatty acids is

Accepted Answer

A) fish oil. 
B) flaxseeds. 
C) peanuts. 
D) a and b 
E) all of the above 
A) fish oil. 
B) flaxseeds. 
C) peanuts. 
D) a and b 
E) all of the above

Question 15

Obesity is to type 2 diabetes as high _____ is/are to atherosclerosis.

Accepted Answer

A) chylomicrons 
B) HDL 
C) LDL 
D) estrogen levels 
A) chylomicrons 
B) HDL 
C) LDL 
D) estrogen levels

Question 16

Estrogen replacement therapy has which of the following effects?

Accepted Answer

A) Reduced LDL 
B) Increased HDL 
C) Increased risk of blood clotting 
D) a and c 
E) All of the above
Questions for Section 27.2 Coronary Heart Disease (CH
D)  
A) Reduced LDL 
B) Increased HDL 
C) Increased risk of blood clotting 
D) a and c 
E) All of the above
Questions for Section 27.2 Coronary Heart Disease (CH
D)

Question 17

Mrs.Gonzales has been placed on a two-gram sodium diet for her hypertension.Which of the following statements suggests some understanding of her dietary restriction?

Accepted Answer

A) "I will only eat ham twice per week." 
B) "I will use monosodium glutamate (MSG)." 
C) "I will not use salt at the table." 
D) "I can eat foods seasoned with garlic salt." 
A) "I will only eat ham twice per week." 
B) "I will use monosodium glutamate (MSG)." 
C) "I will not use salt at the table." 
D) "I can eat foods seasoned with garlic salt."

Question 18

A physician places his patient on diuretics to treat hypertension.The medication works by:

Accepted Answer

A) reducing blood volume. 
B) reducing triglyceride breakdown. 
C) reducing absorption of sodium in the intestine. 
D) regulating blood clotting. 
A) reducing blood volume. 
B) reducing triglyceride breakdown. 
C) reducing absorption of sodium in the intestine. 
D) regulating blood clotting.

Question 19

Which of the following are prescribed to treat hypertension?

Accepted Answer

A) Nicotinic acids 
B) Diuretics 
C) Thrombolytics 
D) All of the above 
A) Nicotinic acids 
B) Diuretics 
C) Thrombolytics 
D) All of the above

Question 20

Generally, patients with heart failure benefit from a daily sodium restriction of _____.

Accepted Answer

A) 1 gram 
B) 2 grams 
C) 3 grams 
D) 4 grams 
A) 1 gram 
B) 2 grams 
C) 3 grams 
D) 4 grams

Exam 27: Cardiovascular Diseases

Cholesterol carried by oxidized _____ is embedded in artery walls.

Which of the following is a risk factor for CHD?

All of the following favor atherosclerosis development except

Which of the following has been identified as a contributing risk factor for hypertension that can't be modified?

Which reading is indicative of pre-hypertension?

Based on the limited data provided, which of the following individuals has the lowest risk for developing CHD?

A recommendation for clients with hypertension is a low-sodium diet that is

All of the following conditions are modifiable risk factors for coronary heart disease except

The term for malnutrition associated with chronic heart failure is

When clients have edema associated with chronic heart failure, physicians usually order

Which statement is false?

Miss Conley has congestive heart failure with cardiac cachexia.Which of the following should she avoid?

A source of omega-3 fatty acids is

Obesity is to type 2 diabetes as high _____ is/are to atherosclerosis.

Estrogen replacement therapy has which of the following effects?

Mrs.Gonzales has been placed on a two-gram sodium diet for her hypertension.Which of the following statements suggests some understanding of her dietary restriction?

A physician places his patient on diuretics to treat hypertension.The medication works by:

Which of the following are prescribed to treat hypertension?

Generally, patients with heart failure benefit from a daily sodium restriction of _____.

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Metabolism: Transformations and Interactions

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

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