Question 1

A cause of acute renal failure is urinary tract obstruction, which is classified as

Accepted Answer

A) postrenal. 
B) prerenal. 
C) intrarenal. 
D) azotemia. 
A) postrenal. 
B) prerenal. 
C) intrarenal. 
D) azotemia.

Question 2

Patrick is a 12-year-old boy with nephrotic syndrome.He is at risk for all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) atherosclerosis 
B) wasting. 
C) infections. 
D) osteoporosis. 
A) atherosclerosis 
B) wasting. 
C) infections. 
D) osteoporosis.

Question 3

What hormone secreted by the kidneys stimulates the production of red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Erythropoietin 
B) Renin 
C) Aldosterone 
D) Vasopressin 
A) Erythropoietin 
B) Renin 
C) Aldosterone 
D) Vasopressin

Question 4

Which of the following laboratory values is not used to assess kidney function?

Accepted Answer

A) Urinary protein levels 
B) Blood urea nitrogen 
C) Alanine transferase 
D) Serum creatinine 
E) None of the above; all may be used to assess kidney function 
A) Urinary protein levels 
B) Blood urea nitrogen 
C) Alanine transferase 
D) Serum creatinine 
E) None of the above; all may be used to assess kidney function

Question 5

Jasmine Singh is 25 years old. She has had frequent urinary tract infections over the past 3 years. She makes an appointment with her physician after an episode of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.
-The pain she is experiencing is most likely _____.This occurs when the kidney stone passes through the ureter.

Accepted Answer

A) renal colic 
B) hematuria 
C) acute renal failure 
D) ketones 
A) renal colic 
B) hematuria 
C) acute renal failure 
D) ketones

Question 6

A factor that predisposes people to kidney stone formation is:

Accepted Answer

A) frequent urination. 
B) low urine volume. 
C) hematuria. 
D) all of the above 
A) frequent urination. 
B) low urine volume. 
C) hematuria. 
D) all of the above

Question 7

An inherited disorder that results in abnormally high urinary excretions of cystine causes the formation of

Accepted Answer

A) calcium stones. 
B) cystine stones. 
C) uric acid stones. 
D) struvite stones. 
A) calcium stones. 
B) cystine stones. 
C) uric acid stones. 
D) struvite stones.

Question 8

Which of the following is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease?

Accepted Answer

A) Diabetes mellitus 
B) Hypertension 
C) Acute renal failure 
D) Polycystic kidney disease 
A) Diabetes mellitus 
B) Hypertension 
C) Acute renal failure 
D) Polycystic kidney disease

Question 9

Consequences of nephrotic syndrome include

Accepted Answer

A) proteinuria. 
B) elevated LDL cholesterol. 
C) edema. 
D) all of the above 
A) proteinuria. 
B) elevated LDL cholesterol. 
C) edema. 
D) all of the above

Question 10

The fluid allowance for a client with acute kidney injury and a urine output of 800 mL is

Accepted Answer

A) 800 mL. 
B) 1300 mL. 
C) 1800 mL. 
D) 2300 mL. 
A) 800 mL. 
B) 1300 mL. 
C) 1800 mL. 
D) 2300 mL.

Question 11

Jasmine Singh is 25 years old. She has had frequent urinary tract infections over the past 3 years. She makes an appointment with her physician after an episode of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.
-At her doctor's office she provides a urine sample.Testing confirms blood in her urine.This indicates:

Accepted Answer

A) renal colic. 
B) hematuria. 
C) acute kidney injury. 
D) ketones. 
A) renal colic. 
B) hematuria. 
C) acute kidney injury. 
D) ketones.

Question 12

Phosphorus is found in

Accepted Answer

A) eggs. 
B) milk products. 
C) peanut butter. 
D) all of the above 
A) eggs. 
B) milk products. 
C) peanut butter. 
D) all of the above

Question 13

How much fluid is lost from the body daily through the skin, lungs, and perspiration?

Accepted Answer

A) 200 milliliters 
B) 300 milliliters 
C) 500 milliliters 
D) 750 milliliters 
A) 200 milliliters 
B) 300 milliliters 
C) 500 milliliters 
D) 750 milliliters

Question 14

Gabriel is studying to be a nurse.He realizes that the best preventive treatment for all types of kidney stones is to:

Accepted Answer

A) drink plenty of fluids. 
B) consume a diet high in berries and juices. 
C) limit animal proteins. 
D) increase vitamin C intake. 
A) drink plenty of fluids. 
B) consume a diet high in berries and juices. 
C) limit animal proteins. 
D) increase vitamin C intake.

Exam 28: Kidney Diseases

A cause of acute renal failure is urinary tract obstruction, which is classified as

Patrick is a 12-year-old boy with nephrotic syndrome.He is at risk for all of the following except:

What hormone secreted by the kidneys stimulates the production of red blood cells?

Which of the following laboratory values is not used to assess kidney function?

A factor that predisposes people to kidney stone formation is:

An inherited disorder that results in abnormally high urinary excretions of cystine causes the formation of

Which of the following is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease?

Consequences of nephrotic syndrome include

The fluid allowance for a client with acute kidney injury and a urine output of 800 mL is

Phosphorus is found in

How much fluid is lost from the body daily through the skin, lungs, and perspiration?

Gabriel is studying to be a nurse.He realizes that the best preventive treatment for all types of kidney stones is to:

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Metabolism: Transformations and Interactions

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

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