Question 1

Use the following to answer questions :
-salons

Accepted Answer

A) The idea that the sun, not the earth, was the center of the universe. 
B) A law formulated by Galileo stating that motion, not rest, is the natural state of an object and that an object continues in motion forever unless stopped by some external force. 
C) Newton's law that all objects are attracted to one another and that the force of attraction is proportional to the object's quantity of matter and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. 
D) A theory of inductive reasoning that calls for acquiring evidence through observation and experimentation rather than reason and speculation. 
E) An intellectual and cultural movement in late-seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Europe and the wider world that used rational and critical thinking to debate issues such as political sovereignty, religious tolerance, gender roles, and racial difference.
F)An idea, espoused by John Locke, that all human ideas and thoughts are produced as a result of sensory impressions.
G)A group of French intellectuals who proclaimed that they were bringing the light of knowledge to their fellow humans.
H)Belief in a distant, noninterventionist deity, shared by many Enlightenment thinkers.
I)A concept associated with Rousseau, referring to the common interests of all the people, who have displaced the monarch as the holder of sovereign power.
J)The theory, associated with Adam Smith, that the pursuit of self-interest in a competitive market would lead to rising prosperity and greater social equality, rendering government intervention unnecessary and undesirable.
K)Term coined by historians to describe the rule of eighteenth-century monarchs who, without renouncing their own absolute authority, took up the call to reform their governments in accordance with the rational and humane principles of the Enlightenment.
L)A Jewish Enlightenment movement led by Prussian philosopher Moses Mendelssohn.
M)The controversial process of fencing off common land to create privately owned fields that increased agricultural production at the cost of reducing poor farmers' access to land.
N)Manufacturing with hand tools in peasant dwellings and work sheds, a form of economic activity that became important in eighteenth-century Europe.
O)An idealized intellectual space that emerged in Europe during the Enlightenment. Here, the public came together to discuss important social, economic, and political issues.
P)Regular social gatherings held by talented and rich Parisian women in their homes, where philosophes and their followers met to discuss literature, science, and philosophy. 
A) The idea that the sun, not the earth, was the center of the universe. 
B) A law formulated by Galileo stating that motion, not rest, is the natural state of an object and that an object continues in motion forever unless stopped by some external force. 
C) Newton's law that all objects are attracted to one another and that the force of attraction is proportional to the object's quantity of matter and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. 
D) A theory of inductive reasoning that calls for acquiring evidence through observation and experimentation rather than reason and speculation. 
E) An intellectual and cultural movement in late-seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Europe and the wider world that used rational and critical thinking to debate issues such as political sovereignty, religious tolerance, gender roles, and racial difference.
F)An idea, espoused by John Locke, that all human ideas and thoughts are produced as a result of sensory impressions.
G)A group of French intellectuals who proclaimed that they were bringing the light of knowledge to their fellow humans.
H)Belief in a distant, noninterventionist deity, shared by many Enlightenment thinkers.
I)A concept associated with Rousseau, referring to the common interests of all the people, who have displaced the monarch as the holder of sovereign power.
J)The theory, associated with Adam Smith, that the pursuit of self-interest in a competitive market would lead to rising prosperity and greater social equality, rendering government intervention unnecessary and undesirable.
K)Term coined by historians to describe the rule of eighteenth-century monarchs who, without renouncing their own absolute authority, took up the call to reform their governments in accordance with the rational and humane principles of the Enlightenment.
L)A Jewish Enlightenment movement led by Prussian philosopher Moses Mendelssohn.
M)The controversial process of fencing off common land to create privately owned fields that increased agricultural production at the cost of reducing poor farmers' access to land.
N)Manufacturing with hand tools in peasant dwellings and work sheds, a form of economic activity that became important in eighteenth-century Europe.
O)An idealized intellectual space that emerged in Europe during the Enlightenment. Here, the public came together to discuss important social, economic, and political issues.
P)Regular social gatherings held by talented and rich Parisian women in their homes, where philosophes and their followers met to discuss literature, science, and philosophy.

Question 2

According to Galen's theory of the four humors, what caused bodily illness?

Accepted Answer

A)  An imbalance among the humors 
B)  Too much black bile 
C)  When one humor was removed from the body 
D)  The action of gravity on the humors 
A)  An imbalance among the humors 
B)  Too much black bile 
C)  When one humor was removed from the body 
D)  The action of gravity on the humors

Question 3

Use the following to answer questions :
-cottage industry

Accepted Answer

A) The idea that the sun, not the earth, was the center of the universe. 
B) A law formulated by Galileo stating that motion, not rest, is the natural state of an object and that an object continues in motion forever unless stopped by some external force. 
C) Newton's law that all objects are attracted to one another and that the force of attraction is proportional to the object's quantity of matter and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. 
D) A theory of inductive reasoning that calls for acquiring evidence through observation and experimentation rather than reason and speculation. 
E) An intellectual and cultural movement in late-seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Europe and the wider world that used rational and critical thinking to debate issues such as political sovereignty, religious tolerance, gender roles, and racial difference.
F)An idea, espoused by John Locke, that all human ideas and thoughts are produced as a result of sensory impressions.
G)A group of French intellectuals who proclaimed that they were bringing the light of knowledge to their fellow humans.
H)Belief in a distant, noninterventionist deity, shared by many Enlightenment thinkers.
I)A concept associated with Rousseau, referring to the common interests of all the people, who have displaced the monarch as the holder of sovereign power.
J)The theory, associated with Adam Smith, that the pursuit of self-interest in a competitive market would lead to rising prosperity and greater social equality, rendering government intervention unnecessary and undesirable.
K)Term coined by historians to describe the rule of eighteenth-century monarchs who, without renouncing their own absolute authority, took up the call to reform their governments in accordance with the rational and humane principles of the Enlightenment.
L)A Jewish Enlightenment movement led by Prussian philosopher Moses Mendelssohn.
M)The controversial process of fencing off common land to create privately owned fields that increased agricultural production at the cost of reducing poor farmers' access to land.
N)Manufacturing with hand tools in peasant dwellings and work sheds, a form of economic activity that became important in eighteenth-century Europe.
O)An idealized intellectual space that emerged in Europe during the Enlightenment. Here, the public came together to discuss important social, economic, and political issues.
P)Regular social gatherings held by talented and rich Parisian women in their homes, where philosophes and their followers met to discuss literature, science, and philosophy. 
A) The idea that the sun, not the earth, was the center of the universe. 
B) A law formulated by Galileo stating that motion, not rest, is the natural state of an object and that an object continues in motion forever unless stopped by some external force. 
C) Newton's law that all objects are attracted to one another and that the force of attraction is proportional to the object's quantity of matter and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. 
D) A theory of inductive reasoning that calls for acquiring evidence through observation and experimentation rather than reason and speculation. 
E) An intellectual and cultural movement in late-seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Europe and the wider world that used rational and critical thinking to debate issues such as political sovereignty, religious tolerance, gender roles, and racial difference.
F)An idea, espoused by John Locke, that all human ideas and thoughts are produced as a result of sensory impressions.
G)A group of French intellectuals who proclaimed that they were bringing the light of knowledge to their fellow humans.
H)Belief in a distant, noninterventionist deity, shared by many Enlightenment thinkers.
I)A concept associated with Rousseau, referring to the common interests of all the people, who have displaced the monarch as the holder of sovereign power.
J)The theory, associated with Adam Smith, that the pursuit of self-interest in a competitive market would lead to rising prosperity and greater social equality, rendering government intervention unnecessary and undesirable.
K)Term coined by historians to describe the rule of eighteenth-century monarchs who, without renouncing their own absolute authority, took up the call to reform their governments in accordance with the rational and humane principles of the Enlightenment.
L)A Jewish Enlightenment movement led by Prussian philosopher Moses Mendelssohn.
M)The controversial process of fencing off common land to create privately owned fields that increased agricultural production at the cost of reducing poor farmers' access to land.
N)Manufacturing with hand tools in peasant dwellings and work sheds, a form of economic activity that became important in eighteenth-century Europe.
O)An idealized intellectual space that emerged in Europe during the Enlightenment. Here, the public came together to discuss important social, economic, and political issues.
P)Regular social gatherings held by talented and rich Parisian women in their homes, where philosophes and their followers met to discuss literature, science, and philosophy.

Question 4

What were Voltaire's religious views, and what influenced them?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
Voltaire r

Question 5

One of the innovations of the medieval university was the introduction of algebra originally created by whom?

Accepted Answer

A)  Franciscan friars 
B)  Ancient Greeks 
C)  Arabic and Persian mathematicians 
D)  Hellenistic-era Egyptians 
A)  Franciscan friars 
B)  Ancient Greeks 
C)  Arabic and Persian mathematicians 
D)  Hellenistic-era Egyptians

Question 6

What policy of Peter the Great did Catherine the Great of Russia try to continue?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reforming serfdom by allowing more economic freedom 
B)  Bringing western European culture to Russia 
C)  Bringing the concept of legal reforms to the nobility 
D)  Bringing women into the Russian education system 
A)  Reforming serfdom by allowing more economic freedom 
B)  Bringing western European culture to Russia 
C)  Bringing the concept of legal reforms to the nobility 
D)  Bringing women into the Russian education system

Question 7

How did categories and theories about race change in the colonies of the eighteenth century? In what ways did the new ideas of the Scientific Revolution or Enlightenment influence the new understandings about race?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
Theories a

Question 8

Based on the evidence in Map 19.2, "The Atlantic Economy, 1701," slaves were an integral part in the production of which trade good?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spices 
B)  Gold 
C)  Furs 
D)  Sugar 
A)  Spices 
B)  Gold 
C)  Furs 
D)  Sugar

Question 9

Locke's ideas about how the human mind learns are based on the theory of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Experience 
B)  Deductive reasoning 
C)  Speculative reasoning 
D)  The law of universal motion 
A)  Experience 
B)  Deductive reasoning 
C)  Speculative reasoning 
D)  The law of universal motion

Question 10

The work of which ancient Greek scholar laid the foundation for early modern knowledge about the earth?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ptolemy 
B)  Hippocrates 
C)  Thucydides 
D)  Herodotus 
A)  Ptolemy 
B)  Hippocrates 
C)  Thucydides 
D)  Herodotus

Question 11

Use the following to answer questions :
-deism

Accepted Answer

A) The idea that the sun, not the earth, was the center of the universe. 
B) A law formulated by Galileo stating that motion, not rest, is the natural state of an object and that an object continues in motion forever unless stopped by some external force. 
C) Newton's law that all objects are attracted to one another and that the force of attraction is proportional to the object's quantity of matter and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. 
D) A theory of inductive reasoning that calls for acquiring evidence through observation and experimentation rather than reason and speculation. 
E) An intellectual and cultural movement in late-seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Europe and the wider world that used rational and critical thinking to debate issues such as political sovereignty, religious tolerance, gender roles, and racial difference.
F)An idea, espoused by John Locke, that all human ideas and thoughts are produced as a result of sensory impressions.
G)A group of French intellectuals who proclaimed that they were bringing the light of knowledge to their fellow humans.
H)Belief in a distant, noninterventionist deity, shared by many Enlightenment thinkers.
I)A concept associated with Rousseau, referring to the common interests of all the people, who have displaced the monarch as the holder of sovereign power.
J)The theory, associated with Adam Smith, that the pursuit of self-interest in a competitive market would lead to rising prosperity and greater social equality, rendering government intervention unnecessary and undesirable.
K)Term coined by historians to describe the rule of eighteenth-century monarchs who, without renouncing their own absolute authority, took up the call to reform their governments in accordance with the rational and humane principles of the Enlightenment.
L)A Jewish Enlightenment movement led by Prussian philosopher Moses Mendelssohn.
M)The controversial process of fencing off common land to create privately owned fields that increased agricultural production at the cost of reducing poor farmers' access to land.
N)Manufacturing with hand tools in peasant dwellings and work sheds, a form of economic activity that became important in eighteenth-century Europe.
O)An idealized intellectual space that emerged in Europe during the Enlightenment. Here, the public came together to discuss important social, economic, and political issues.
P)Regular social gatherings held by talented and rich Parisian women in their homes, where philosophes and their followers met to discuss literature, science, and philosophy. 
A) The idea that the sun, not the earth, was the center of the universe. 
B) A law formulated by Galileo stating that motion, not rest, is the natural state of an object and that an object continues in motion forever unless stopped by some external force. 
C) Newton's law that all objects are attracted to one another and that the force of attraction is proportional to the object's quantity of matter and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. 
D) A theory of inductive reasoning that calls for acquiring evidence through observation and experimentation rather than reason and speculation. 
E) An intellectual and cultural movement in late-seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Europe and the wider world that used rational and critical thinking to debate issues such as political sovereignty, religious tolerance, gender roles, and racial difference.
F)An idea, espoused by John Locke, that all human ideas and thoughts are produced as a result of sensory impressions.
G)A group of French intellectuals who proclaimed that they were bringing the light of knowledge to their fellow humans.
H)Belief in a distant, noninterventionist deity, shared by many Enlightenment thinkers.
I)A concept associated with Rousseau, referring to the common interests of all the people, who have displaced the monarch as the holder of sovereign power.
J)The theory, associated with Adam Smith, that the pursuit of self-interest in a competitive market would lead to rising prosperity and greater social equality, rendering government intervention unnecessary and undesirable.
K)Term coined by historians to describe the rule of eighteenth-century monarchs who, without renouncing their own absolute authority, took up the call to reform their governments in accordance with the rational and humane principles of the Enlightenment.
L)A Jewish Enlightenment movement led by Prussian philosopher Moses Mendelssohn.
M)The controversial process of fencing off common land to create privately owned fields that increased agricultural production at the cost of reducing poor farmers' access to land.
N)Manufacturing with hand tools in peasant dwellings and work sheds, a form of economic activity that became important in eighteenth-century Europe.
O)An idealized intellectual space that emerged in Europe during the Enlightenment. Here, the public came together to discuss important social, economic, and political issues.
P)Regular social gatherings held by talented and rich Parisian women in their homes, where philosophes and their followers met to discuss literature, science, and philosophy.

Question 12

Use the following to answer questions :
-enlightened absolutism

Accepted Answer

A) The idea that the sun, not the earth, was the center of the universe. 
B) A law formulated by Galileo stating that motion, not rest, is the natural state of an object and that an object continues in motion forever unless stopped by some external force. 
C) Newton's law that all objects are attracted to one another and that the force of attraction is proportional to the object's quantity of matter and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. 
D) A theory of inductive reasoning that calls for acquiring evidence through observation and experimentation rather than reason and speculation. 
E) An intellectual and cultural movement in late-seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Europe and the wider world that used rational and critical thinking to debate issues such as political sovereignty, religious tolerance, gender roles, and racial difference.
F)An idea, espoused by John Locke, that all human ideas and thoughts are produced as a result of sensory impressions.
G)A group of French intellectuals who proclaimed that they were bringing the light of knowledge to their fellow humans.
H)Belief in a distant, noninterventionist deity, shared by many Enlightenment thinkers.
I)A concept associated with Rousseau, referring to the common interests of all the people, who have displaced the monarch as the holder of sovereign power.
J)The theory, associated with Adam Smith, that the pursuit of self-interest in a competitive market would lead to rising prosperity and greater social equality, rendering government intervention unnecessary and undesirable.
K)Term coined by historians to describe the rule of eighteenth-century monarchs who, without renouncing their own absolute authority, took up the call to reform their governments in accordance with the rational and humane principles of the Enlightenment.
L)A Jewish Enlightenment movement led by Prussian philosopher Moses Mendelssohn.
M)The controversial process of fencing off common land to create privately owned fields that increased agricultural production at the cost of reducing poor farmers' access to land.
N)Manufacturing with hand tools in peasant dwellings and work sheds, a form of economic activity that became important in eighteenth-century Europe.
O)An idealized intellectual space that emerged in Europe during the Enlightenment. Here, the public came together to discuss important social, economic, and political issues.
P)Regular social gatherings held by talented and rich Parisian women in their homes, where philosophes and their followers met to discuss literature, science, and philosophy. 
A) The idea that the sun, not the earth, was the center of the universe. 
B) A law formulated by Galileo stating that motion, not rest, is the natural state of an object and that an object continues in motion forever unless stopped by some external force. 
C) Newton's law that all objects are attracted to one another and that the force of attraction is proportional to the object's quantity of matter and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. 
D) A theory of inductive reasoning that calls for acquiring evidence through observation and experimentation rather than reason and speculation. 
E) An intellectual and cultural movement in late-seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Europe and the wider world that used rational and critical thinking to debate issues such as political sovereignty, religious tolerance, gender roles, and racial difference.
F)An idea, espoused by John Locke, that all human ideas and thoughts are produced as a result of sensory impressions.
G)A group of French intellectuals who proclaimed that they were bringing the light of knowledge to their fellow humans.
H)Belief in a distant, noninterventionist deity, shared by many Enlightenment thinkers.
I)A concept associated with Rousseau, referring to the common interests of all the people, who have displaced the monarch as the holder of sovereign power.
J)The theory, associated with Adam Smith, that the pursuit of self-interest in a competitive market would lead to rising prosperity and greater social equality, rendering government intervention unnecessary and undesirable.
K)Term coined by historians to describe the rule of eighteenth-century monarchs who, without renouncing their own absolute authority, took up the call to reform their governments in accordance with the rational and humane principles of the Enlightenment.
L)A Jewish Enlightenment movement led by Prussian philosopher Moses Mendelssohn.
M)The controversial process of fencing off common land to create privately owned fields that increased agricultural production at the cost of reducing poor farmers' access to land.
N)Manufacturing with hand tools in peasant dwellings and work sheds, a form of economic activity that became important in eighteenth-century Europe.
O)An idealized intellectual space that emerged in Europe during the Enlightenment. Here, the public came together to discuss important social, economic, and political issues.
P)Regular social gatherings held by talented and rich Parisian women in their homes, where philosophes and their followers met to discuss literature, science, and philosophy.

Question 13

Based on the evidence in this mMap 19.1, "The Partition of Poland, 1772-1795," what was one of the consequences of Poland's partition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Poland ceased to exist as an independent nation. 
B)  Russia gained access to the Black Sea. 
C)  Russia ceded the Pale of Settlement to Austria. 
D)  Austria gained long-desired access to the Baltic Sea via Danzig. 
A)  Poland ceased to exist as an independent nation. 
B)  Russia gained access to the Black Sea. 
C)  Russia ceded the Pale of Settlement to Austria. 
D)  Austria gained long-desired access to the Baltic Sea via Danzig.

Question 14

Which Enlightenment thinker argued in favor of separating and sharing political power?

Accepted Answer

A)  Voltaire 
B)  Baron de Montesquieu 
C)  Madame du Châtelet 
D)  John Locke 
A)  Voltaire 
B)  Baron de Montesquieu 
C)  Madame du Châtelet 
D)  John Locke

Question 15

What did John Locke claim in his Essay Concerning Human Understanding?

Accepted Answer

A)  That sovereign authority rests in the hands of the people 
B)  That all people are born with certain ideas and ways of thinking 
C)  That all ideas are derived from experience 
D)  That people are born corrupt and society must reeducate them 
A)  That sovereign authority rests in the hands of the people 
B)  That all people are born with certain ideas and ways of thinking 
C)  That all ideas are derived from experience 
D)  That people are born corrupt and society must reeducate them

Question 16

The consumer revolution came about in part because of

Accepted Answer

A)  cheap reproductions and colonial trade. 
B)  Europe's long-reigning technological superiority. 
C)  women's natural desire to acquire more goods. 
D)  high tariffs and mercantilism. 
A)  cheap reproductions and colonial trade. 
B)  Europe's long-reigning technological superiority. 
C)  women's natural desire to acquire more goods. 
D)  high tariffs and mercantilism.

Question 17

How did the German thinker Gottfried Leibniz perceive God and the world?

Accepted Answer

A)  He believed the two to be a harmonious and divine plan. 
B)  He believed God created an evil world to compensate for man's original sin. 
C)  He believed the two should be separated. 
D)  He believed that God never interferes in human affairs. 
A)  He believed the two to be a harmonious and divine plan. 
B)  He believed God created an evil world to compensate for man's original sin. 
C)  He believed the two should be separated. 
D)  He believed that God never interferes in human affairs.

Question 18

What role did patronage play in the Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
In both th

Question 19

Creole refers to people of Spanish ancestry born

Accepted Answer

A)  in Spain or Portugal. 
B)  at sea, on the way to America. 
C)  to merchant parents. 
D)  in the Americas. 
A)  in Spain or Portugal. 
B)  at sea, on the way to America. 
C)  to merchant parents. 
D)  in the Americas.

Question 20

Who was tried for heresy in 1633 for defending Copernicus and the heliocentric theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Kepler 
B)  Galileo 
C)  Newton 
D)  Brahe 
A)  Kepler 
B)  Galileo 
C)  Newton 
D)  Brahe

Exam 19: New Worldviews and Ways of Life, 1540-1790

Use the following to answer questions : -salons

According to Galen's theory of the four humors, what caused bodily illness?

Use the following to answer questions : -cottage industry

What were Voltaire's religious views, and what influenced them?

One of the innovations of the medieval university was the introduction of algebra originally created by whom?

What policy of Peter the Great did Catherine the Great of Russia try to continue?

How did categories and theories about race change in the colonies of the eighteenth century? In what ways did the new ideas of the Scientific Revolution or Enlightenment influence the new understandings about race?

Based on the evidence in Map 19.2, "The Atlantic Economy, 1701," slaves were an integral part in the production of which trade good?

Locke's ideas about how the human mind learns are based on the theory of which of the following?

The work of which ancient Greek scholar laid the foundation for early modern knowledge about the earth?

Use the following to answer questions : -deism

Use the following to answer questions : -enlightened absolutism

Based on the evidence in this mMap 19.1, "The Partition of Poland, 1772-1795," what was one of the consequences of Poland's partition?

Which Enlightenment thinker argued in favor of separating and sharing political power?

What did John Locke claim in his Essay Concerning Human Understanding?

The consumer revolution came about in part because of

How did the German thinker Gottfried Leibniz perceive God and the world?

What role did patronage play in the Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment?

Creole refers to people of Spanish ancestry born

Who was tried for heresy in 1633 for defending Copernicus and the heliocentric theory?

The Earliest Human Societies, to 2500 Bce

Complex Societies in Southwest Asia and the Nile Valley, 3800-500 Bce

The Foundation of Indian Society, to 300 Ce

Chinas Classical Age, to 221 Bce

The Greek Experience, 3500-30 Bce

The World of Rome, Ca 1000 Bce-400 Ce

East Asia and the Spread of Buddhism, 221 Bce-845 Ce

Continuity and Change in Europe and Western Asia, 250-850

The Islamic World, 600-1400

African Societies and Kingdoms, 1000 Bce-1500 Ce

The Americas, 3200 Bce-1500 Ce

Cultural Exchange in Central and Southern Asia, 300-1400

States and Cultures in East Asia, 800-1400

Europe and Western Asia in the Middle Ages, 800-1450

Europe in the Renaissance and Reformation, 1350-1600

The Acceleration of Global Contact, 1450-1600

The Islamic World Powers, 1300-1800

European Power and Expansion, 1500-1750

Africa and the World, 1400-1800

Continuity and Change in East Asia, 1400-1800

Revolutions in the Atlantic World, 1775-1825

The Revolution in Energy and Industry, 1760-1850

Ideologies of Change in Europe, 1815-1914

Africa, the Ottoman Empire, and the New Imperialism, 1800-1914

Asia and the Pacific in the Era of Imperialism, 1800-1914

The Americas in the Age of Liberalism, 1810-1917

World War and Revolution, 1914-1929

Nationalism in Asia, 1914-1939

The Great Depression and World War Ii, 1929-1945

Review

Liberalization, 1968-2000s

The Contemporary World in Historical Perspective

20th Century Global Issues and Developments

Filters