Question 1

How did the Lycurgan system in Sparta shape its political organization?

Accepted Answer

A)  It led to the creation of a society ruled by an aristocratic, warrior elite. 
B)  It led to the start of a dictatorship controlled by the most powerful Spartan general. 
C)  It led to the development of a democratic state in which helot and Spartan ruled together. 
D)  It led to the erosion of Spartan military power in favor of the helots. 
A)  It led to the creation of a society ruled by an aristocratic, warrior elite. 
B)  It led to the start of a dictatorship controlled by the most powerful Spartan general. 
C)  It led to the development of a democratic state in which helot and Spartan ruled together. 
D)  It led to the erosion of Spartan military power in favor of the helots. A

Question 2

Describe the complex of Knossos on Crete and what it indicates about Minoan culture.

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
Knossos is a large structure with more than one thousand interconnected rooms, as well as pipes to bring in drinking water and sewers to remove waste. Archeological evidence indicates a wealthy culture, led by a king and a group of nobles. Minoan art shows women in prominent roles, including religious and athletic ones. Long thought to be a peaceful society, new excavations are revealing more walls around the cities, indicating a need for defense.

Question 3

Trace the development of philosophy and science from the Pre-Socratic origins through Aristotle. What were the most significant developments? What was the general principle that guided Greek philosophers? How did this change in the Hellenistic period?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
The student should discuss the development of Greek science and philosophy, noting the belief in basic elements (Pre-Socratics), atomic theory (Democritus), medicine (Hippocrates), Sophist concentration on logic and the study of human beings, the Socratic method, Platonic dualism and political thought, and the impressive achievements of Aristotle in natural science and political philosophy. A good essay should stress the Greek emphasis on rational thought and the belief that the universe could be explained and understood. In addition, the essay should emphasize the Greek concentration on the study of human beings. The essay should conclude with a discussion of how Hellenistic philosophy introduced concepts of personal happiness and an increasingly more pragmatic view of science, such as the heliocentric theories of Aristarchus.

Question 4

Athens and Persia began a series of wars over Greek cities in what region?

Accepted Answer

A)  Peloponnesus 
B)  Macedonia 
C)  Ionia 
D)  Crete 
A)  Peloponnesus 
B)  Macedonia 
C)  Ionia 
D)  Crete

Question 5

The plays of Sophocles emphasized the precedence of which of the following over human law and customs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Family needs 
B)  Personal happiness 
C)  Military success 
D)  Divine law 
A)  Family needs 
B)  Personal happiness 
C)  Military success 
D)  Divine law

Question 6

What important position did Solon hold as he reformed Athens?

Accepted Answer

A)  King 
B)  Archon 
C)  Emperor 
D)  Tyrant 
A)  King 
B)  Archon 
C)  Emperor 
D)  Tyrant

Question 7

Archimedes's many contributions to Hellenistic science include his theories about which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrostatics 
B)  Heliocentrism 
C)  Physics 
D)  Astronomy 
A)  Hydrostatics 
B)  Heliocentrism 
C)  Physics 
D)  Astronomy

Question 8

According to Map 5.2, "Greek Colonization, ca. 750-550 B.C.E.," how did Greek colonization routes mimic those of the Phoenicians?

Accepted Answer

A)  Their migratory route typically flowed in an easterly direction. 
B)  They built their most important settlements in the region of Syria. 
C)  They largely avoided contact with the coastline of North Africa. 
D)  Their primary route was along the coastlines of the Mediterranean Sea. 
A)  Their migratory route typically flowed in an easterly direction. 
B)  They built their most important settlements in the region of Syria. 
C)  They largely avoided contact with the coastline of North Africa. 
D)  Their primary route was along the coastlines of the Mediterranean Sea.

Question 9

What did the Pre-Socratics conclude from their observations?

Accepted Answer

A)  That the universe consisted of four substances--air, fire, earth, and water 
B)  That one god had created the entire world 
C)  That the universe was too complex to be understood 
D)  That humans had achieved physical perfection 
A)  That the universe consisted of four substances--air, fire, earth, and water 
B)  That one god had created the entire world 
C)  That the universe was too complex to be understood 
D)  That humans had achieved physical perfection

Question 10

The crowning achievement of Pericles's rebuilding of the Acropolis was the Parthenon, a temple dedicated to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Athena and the greatness of Athens 
B)  Zeus and the idea of a unified Greece 
C)  Poseidon and Athens's control of the seas 
D)  Aphrodite and the importance of love 
A)  Athena and the greatness of Athens 
B)  Zeus and the idea of a unified Greece 
C)  Poseidon and Athens's control of the seas 
D)  Aphrodite and the importance of love

Question 11

How did trade in the Hellenistic period provide the most enduring legacy of Alexander's empire? What long-distance trade patterns and relationships were established?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
In the Hel

Question 12

What did Alexander the Great do after the Persian Empire fell?

Accepted Answer

A)  Set out to conquer much of the rest of Asia 
B)  Returned home to Macedonia 
C)  Gave command of Persia to his favorite general 
D)  Turned west toward Italy 
A)  Set out to conquer much of the rest of Asia 
B)  Returned home to Macedonia 
C)  Gave command of Persia to his favorite general 
D)  Turned west toward Italy

Question 13

Use the following to answer questions
-mystery religions

Accepted Answer

A) Generally translated as "city-state," it was the basic political and institutional unit of ancient Greece. 
B) Heavily armed citizens who served as infantrymen and fought to defend the polis. 
C) A type of Greek government in which all citizens administered the workings of government. 
D) A type of Greek government in which citizens who owned a certain amount of property ruled. 
E) Belief systems that were characterized by secret doctrines, rituals of initiation, and sometimes the promise of rebirth or an afterlife.
F)In Plato's thought, the eternal unchanging ideal forms that are the essence of true reality.
G)Literally means "like the Greek"; describes the period from the death of Alexander the Great in 323 B.C.E. to the Roman conquest of Egypt in 30 B.C.E., when Greek culture spread.
H)The spread of Greek ideas, culture, and traditions to non-Greek groups across a wide area.
I)A system of philosophy based on the teachings of Epicurus, who viewed a life of contentment, free from fear and suffering, as the greatest good.
J)A philosophy, based on the ideas of Zeno, that held that people could be happy only when living in accordance with nature and accepting whatever happened. 
A) Generally translated as "city-state," it was the basic political and institutional unit of ancient Greece. 
B) Heavily armed citizens who served as infantrymen and fought to defend the polis. 
C) A type of Greek government in which all citizens administered the workings of government. 
D) A type of Greek government in which citizens who owned a certain amount of property ruled. 
E) Belief systems that were characterized by secret doctrines, rituals of initiation, and sometimes the promise of rebirth or an afterlife.
F)In Plato's thought, the eternal unchanging ideal forms that are the essence of true reality.
G)Literally means "like the Greek"; describes the period from the death of Alexander the Great in 323 B.C.E. to the Roman conquest of Egypt in 30 B.C.E., when Greek culture spread.
H)The spread of Greek ideas, culture, and traditions to non-Greek groups across a wide area.
I)A system of philosophy based on the teachings of Epicurus, who viewed a life of contentment, free from fear and suffering, as the greatest good.
J)A philosophy, based on the ideas of Zeno, that held that people could be happy only when living in accordance with nature and accepting whatever happened.

Question 14

What was Aristarchus's most important contribution to astronomy?

Accepted Answer

A)  He argued that Earth is far larger than the sun. 
B)  He theorized that the stars are close to Earth and to one another. 
C)  He believed that Earth and the planets revolve around the sun. 
D)  He asserted that telescopes are necessary for all astronomical work. 
A)  He argued that Earth is far larger than the sun. 
B)  He theorized that the stars are close to Earth and to one another. 
C)  He believed that Earth and the planets revolve around the sun. 
D)  He asserted that telescopes are necessary for all astronomical work.

Question 15

What did Solon accomplish through his reforms in Athens?

Accepted Answer

A)  He established democracy. 
B)  He established social equality. 
C)  He gave common citizens a place in the assembly. 
D)  He eliminated the position of chief magistrate. 
A)  He established democracy. 
B)  He established social equality. 
C)  He gave common citizens a place in the assembly. 
D)  He eliminated the position of chief magistrate.

Question 16

How did the Hellenistic city differ from the polis?

Accepted Answer

A)  It perceived itself as a community of citizens. 
B)  It was united by religious rituals. 
C)  It tolerated same-sex relations. 
D)  It was not autonomous and had to follow royal orders. 
A)  It perceived itself as a community of citizens. 
B)  It was united by religious rituals. 
C)  It tolerated same-sex relations. 
D)  It was not autonomous and had to follow royal orders.

Question 17

Which of the following was true of Spartan men?

Accepted Answer

A)  They saw their wives as partners and equals. 
B)  They viewed military service as a necessary evil. 
C)  Their most meaningful relationships were same-sex ones. 
D)  They valued family above all else. 
A)  They saw their wives as partners and equals. 
B)  They viewed military service as a necessary evil. 
C)  Their most meaningful relationships were same-sex ones. 
D)  They valued family above all else.

Question 18

After Philip II of Macedonia unified Greece, he called upon Greeks and Macedonians to do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Promise five years of peace to allow for recovery from the war 
B)  Work together to liberate the Ionian colonies from Persian control 
C)  Move the royal court to Athens and build him a new palace 
D)  Form a naval alliance with Persia and invade India 
A)  Promise five years of peace to allow for recovery from the war 
B)  Work together to liberate the Ionian colonies from Persian control 
C)  Move the royal court to Athens and build him a new palace 
D)  Form a naval alliance with Persia and invade India

Question 19

What was the main function of women from citizen families in Athens?

Accepted Answer

A)  To accompany their husbands in public settings 
B)  To run family estates and manage businesses while their husbands were at war 
C)  To perform manual labor in the fields or sell goods in the agora 
D)  To bear and raise children 
A)  To accompany their husbands in public settings 
B)  To run family estates and manage businesses while their husbands were at war 
C)  To perform manual labor in the fields or sell goods in the agora 
D)  To bear and raise children

Question 20

What does the term oligarchy mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  "The rule of the few" 
B)  "The rule of the people" 
C)  "The rule of the excellent" 
D)  "The rule of the king" 
A)  "The rule of the few" 
B)  "The rule of the people" 
C)  "The rule of the excellent" 
D)  "The rule of the king"

Exam 5: The Greek Experience, 3500-30 Bce

How did the Lycurgan system in Sparta shape its political organization?

Describe the complex of Knossos on Crete and what it indicates about Minoan culture.

Trace the development of philosophy and science from the Pre-Socratic origins through Aristotle. What were the most significant developments? What was the general principle that guided Greek philosophers? How did this change in the Hellenistic period?

Athens and Persia began a series of wars over Greek cities in what region?

The plays of Sophocles emphasized the precedence of which of the following over human law and customs?

What important position did Solon hold as he reformed Athens?

Archimedes's many contributions to Hellenistic science include his theories about which of the following?

According to Map 5.2, "Greek Colonization, ca. 750-550 B.C.E.," how did Greek colonization routes mimic those of the Phoenicians?

What did the Pre-Socratics conclude from their observations?

The crowning achievement of Pericles's rebuilding of the Acropolis was the Parthenon, a temple dedicated to which of the following?

How did trade in the Hellenistic period provide the most enduring legacy of Alexander's empire? What long-distance trade patterns and relationships were established?

What did Alexander the Great do after the Persian Empire fell?

Use the following to answer questions -mystery religions

What was Aristarchus's most important contribution to astronomy?

What did Solon accomplish through his reforms in Athens?

How did the Hellenistic city differ from the polis?

Which of the following was true of Spartan men?

After Philip II of Macedonia unified Greece, he called upon Greeks and Macedonians to do which of the following?

What was the main function of women from citizen families in Athens?

What does the term oligarchy mean?

The Earliest Human Societies, to 2500 Bce

Complex Societies in Southwest Asia and the Nile Valley, 3800-500 Bce

The Foundation of Indian Society, to 300 Ce

Chinas Classical Age, to 221 Bce

The World of Rome, Ca 1000 Bce-400 Ce

East Asia and the Spread of Buddhism, 221 Bce-845 Ce

Continuity and Change in Europe and Western Asia, 250-850

The Islamic World, 600-1400

African Societies and Kingdoms, 1000 Bce-1500 Ce

The Americas, 3200 Bce-1500 Ce

Cultural Exchange in Central and Southern Asia, 300-1400

States and Cultures in East Asia, 800-1400

Europe and Western Asia in the Middle Ages, 800-1450

Europe in the Renaissance and Reformation, 1350-1600

The Acceleration of Global Contact, 1450-1600

The Islamic World Powers, 1300-1800

European Power and Expansion, 1500-1750

New Worldviews and Ways of Life, 1540-1790

Africa and the World, 1400-1800

Continuity and Change in East Asia, 1400-1800

Revolutions in the Atlantic World, 1775-1825

The Revolution in Energy and Industry, 1760-1850

Ideologies of Change in Europe, 1815-1914

Africa, the Ottoman Empire, and the New Imperialism, 1800-1914

Asia and the Pacific in the Era of Imperialism, 1800-1914

The Americas in the Age of Liberalism, 1810-1917

World War and Revolution, 1914-1929

Nationalism in Asia, 1914-1939

The Great Depression and World War Ii, 1929-1945

Review

Liberalization, 1968-2000s

The Contemporary World in Historical Perspective

20th Century Global Issues and Developments

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