Exam 20: Nutrition and Metabolism

The energy to synthesize ATP primarily comes from the catabolic breakdown of glycogen, proteins, and triglycerides.

Excess dietary carbohydrates, proteins, and fats can all be converted into triglycerides and stored in fat cells.

Both vitamins D and K can be made in the human body. Vitamin D is made in the skin and vitamin K is made by bacteria in the large intestine.

To a certain point, fever is beneficial in fighting microbial infections.

The production of new glucose from either lipids or amino acids is called glycogenolysis.

A nutritional disorder resulting from inadequate protein and calories in the diet is called

Even moderate obesity is considered as a risk factor for such diseases as hypertension, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease.

The amount of energy derived from nutrients is most commonly expressed in

Before entering the Krebs cycle, pyruvic acid has to be decarboxylated and combined with

Minerals constitute about ___ % of the total body weight.

In humans, the normal set point for body temperature is

Basal metabolic rate

The term metabolism refers to

For each molecule of glucose converted into two pyruvic acids, the chemical reactions of glycolysis directly produce a net total of

The receptors (labeled A in the diagram)used to detect changes in body temperature are

Carbohydrate loading, which involves eating large amounts of complex carbohydrates in the days prior to competition, helps maximize the total amount of glycogen available for ATP production.

Essential amino acids can be synthesized by body cells.

Glucose is stored in the liver and muscles as a large polysaccharide called

Many coenzymes are derived from vitamins.

The process of deamination is a key step in