Question 1

Implicit Association Tests (IATs)can detect implicit attitudes by measuring

Accepted Answer

A) the participants' mood after responding to word pairings. 
B) the time it takes participants to complete the whole test. 
C) participants' facial muscles as they are exposed to positive or negative stimuli. 
D) the speed at which participants associate stimuli with a positive or negative word. 
A) the participants' mood after responding to word pairings. 
B) the time it takes participants to complete the whole test. 
C) participants' facial muscles as they are exposed to positive or negative stimuli. 
D) the speed at which participants associate stimuli with a positive or negative word. D

Question 2

Discuss and given an example of at least four different techniques that one can use to resist others' attempts to persuade them to change their attitude.

Accepted Answer

The answer to this question can be found in Table 6.4.The options include the following: attitude bolstering,counter arguing,social validation,negative affect,assertions of confidence,selective exposure,and source derogation.Student examples of these different techniques will vary.

Question 3

The primary difference between the models of persuasion proposed by Hovland and McGuire and that proposed by Greenwald is that Greenwald's model

Accepted Answer

A) does not allow for central route processing. 
B) emphasizes the role of elaboration in producing persuasion. 
C) does not include reception as one of the information-processing steps in persuasion. 
D) proposes that memory of message content is the most important determinant of persuasion. 
A) does not allow for central route processing. 
B) emphasizes the role of elaboration in producing persuasion. 
C) does not include reception as one of the information-processing steps in persuasion. 
D) proposes that memory of message content is the most important determinant of persuasion. B

Question 4

The process by which we form an attitude toward a neutral stimulus because of its association with a positive or negative person,place,or thing is called

Accepted Answer

A) evaluative conditioning. 
B) central persuasion. 
C) insufficient justification. 
D) psychological reactance. 
A) evaluative conditioning. 
B) central persuasion. 
C) insufficient justification. 
D) psychological reactance.

Question 5

Stephen Kraus's (1995)meta-analysis on the relationship between attitudes and behaviors showed that attitudes

Accepted Answer

A) are only tenuously linked to behavior. 
B) significantly and substantially predict future behavior. 
C) significantly predict future behavior,but it is a relatively small effect size. 
D) invariably predict future behavior. 
A) are only tenuously linked to behavior. 
B) significantly and substantially predict future behavior. 
C) significantly predict future behavior,but it is a relatively small effect size. 
D) invariably predict future behavior.

Question 6

Miss Roberto is concerned that Talia and Emily avoid playing with Michael because he is African American.Which strategy would best enable her to assess any unconscious dislike these two students feel toward Michael?

Accepted Answer

A) Ask them why they don't want to play with him. 
B) Measure the girls' brain activity when they are forced to play with Michael. 
C) Administer an IAT to examine the girls' racial attitudes. 
D) Administer a self-report questionnaire examining the girls' racial attitudes. 
A) Ask them why they don't want to play with him. 
B) Measure the girls' brain activity when they are forced to play with Michael. 
C) Administer an IAT to examine the girls' racial attitudes. 
D) Administer a self-report questionnaire examining the girls' racial attitudes.

Question 7

Which theory suggests that intentions to perform a behavior are best predicted by attitudes toward the behavior,subjective norms,and perceived behavioral control?

Accepted Answer

A) theory of planned behavior 
B) cognitive dissonance theory 
C) self-perception theory 
D) self-affirmation theory 
A) theory of planned behavior 
B) cognitive dissonance theory 
C) self-perception theory 
D) self-affirmation theory

Question 8

Jon and Kate give consecutive speeches on opposing sides in a debate on solar energy.Audience members are______________asked to register their view a few weeks later.How might the order of the speeches affect the audience's decision?

Accepted Answer

A) It should yield a primacy effect. 
B) It should yield a subliminal effect. 
C) It should yield a regency effect. 
D) It should not have any effect. 
A) It should yield a primacy effect. 
B) It should yield a subliminal effect. 
C) It should yield a regency effect. 
D) It should not have any effect.

Question 9

The idea that we infer our own attitudes by coolly observing ourselves and the circumstances of our behavior is most consistent with

Accepted Answer

A) planned behavior theory. 
B) self-perception theory. 
C) cognitive dissonance theory. 
D) elaboration-likelihood theory. 
A) planned behavior theory. 
B) self-perception theory. 
C) cognitive dissonance theory. 
D) elaboration-likelihood theory.

Question 10

Persuasive communication is the outcome of three possible factors.Which is not one of those factors?

Accepted Answer

A) source 
B) audience 
C) message 
D) context 
A) source 
B) audience 
C) message 
D) context

Question 11

The idea that people are more likely to be influenced by messages that match their frame of mind is known as

Accepted Answer

A) self-verification. 
B) regulatory fit. 
C) the matching hypothesis. 
D) the affect congruency effect. 
A) self-verification. 
B) regulatory fit. 
C) the matching hypothesis. 
D) the affect congruency effect.

Question 12

Discuss and given an example of five different techniques that one can use to overcome cognitive dissonance.

Accepted Answer

The answer to this question can be found

Question 13

What occurred in the research by Balletic and Dunning (2007)in which participants were asked to walk across a college campus wearing an embarrassing costume?

Accepted Answer

A) Students in the high-choice condition underestimated how far they had walked relative to those in the low- choice condition. 
B) Students in the low-choice condition underestimated how far they had walked relative to those in the high- choice condition. 
C) Students with insufficient justification for their embarrassing actions overestimated how far they had walked relative to those with sufficient justification. 
D) The motivation to reduce dissonance had no effect on participants' visual representations of the natural environment. 
A) Students in the high-choice condition underestimated how far they had walked relative to those in the low- choice condition. 
B) Students in the low-choice condition underestimated how far they had walked relative to those in the high- choice condition. 
C) Students with insufficient justification for their embarrassing actions overestimated how far they had walked relative to those with sufficient justification. 
D) The motivation to reduce dissonance had no effect on participants' visual representations of the natural environment.

Question 14

Which statement concerning the use of fear appeals is not supported by research?

Accepted Answer

A) Fear appeals may motivate change by increasing the incentive to think carefully about the arguments in the message. 
B) Fear appeals are generally less effective than messages that do not provoke fear. 
C) Fear appeals are most effective when they include specific information on how to avoid the threat. 
D) Fear arousal may reduce the ability of already fearful message recipients to carefully process a message. 
A) Fear appeals may motivate change by increasing the incentive to think carefully about the arguments in the message. 
B) Fear appeals are generally less effective than messages that do not provoke fear. 
C) Fear appeals are most effective when they include specific information on how to avoid the threat. 
D) Fear arousal may reduce the ability of already fearful message recipients to carefully process a message.

Question 15

Research by Landau and colleagues (2004),in which participants were exposed to subliminal images of the 9/11 terrorist attacks,and then asked questions about then-President George W.Bush,leads to the conclusion that

Accepted Answer

A) the fear of death leads people to choose the central route to persuasion. 
B) reminders of mortality lead people to prefer one-sided messages to two-sided messages. 
C) fear arousal can influence even attitudes as important as political opinions. 
D) the higher the level of fear arousal in a persuasive communication,the stronger the agreement with it. 
A) the fear of death leads people to choose the central route to persuasion. 
B) reminders of mortality lead people to prefer one-sided messages to two-sided messages. 
C) fear arousal can influence even attitudes as important as political opinions. 
D) the higher the level of fear arousal in a persuasive communication,the stronger the agreement with it.

Question 16

Which of the following is not used to overcome the limitations of traditional self-report methodology?

Accepted Answer

A) the bogus pipeline 
B) a Likert scale 
C) the facial electromyography 
D) covert videotaping 
A) the bogus pipeline 
B) a Likert scale 
C) the facial electromyography 
D) covert videotaping

Question 17

When message recipients use central route processing,which of the following will be true?

Accepted Answer

A) Difficult messages will be more persuasive than easily learned messages. 
B) Memorable messages will be more persuasive than forgettable ones. 
C) Weak messages will engender more favorable responses than strong messages. 
D) Elaboration of message content will be objective and unbiased. 
A) Difficult messages will be more persuasive than easily learned messages. 
B) Memorable messages will be more persuasive than forgettable ones. 
C) Weak messages will engender more favorable responses than strong messages. 
D) Elaboration of message content will be objective and unbiased.

Question 18

Sammy and Mark watch a ballgame together.Sammy favors the home team,while Mark is an avid fan of the road team.The star player for Sammy's team makes a great play and starts to celebrate in a rather demonstrative fashion.Sammy gets caught up in the celebration,while Mark is angered because he feels this display is an insult to the players of his team.This demonstrates that

Accepted Answer

A) two people's evaluations of the same event are more likely to be similar than different. 
B) we often interpret events and behavior based upon pre-existing attitudes. 
C) central route processing leads to stronger opinions than peripheral route processing. 
D) we can hold both positive and negative evaluations about the same object. 
A) two people's evaluations of the same event are more likely to be similar than different. 
B) we often interpret events and behavior based upon pre-existing attitudes. 
C) central route processing leads to stronger opinions than peripheral route processing. 
D) we can hold both positive and negative evaluations about the same object.

Question 19

Social psychologists seek to______________understand

Accepted Answer

A) whether persuasion is moral or not. 
B) how and why persuasion occurs. 
C) the central route persuasion,but not peripheral. 
D) the peripheral route persuasion,but not central. 
A) whether persuasion is moral or not. 
B) how and why persuasion occurs. 
C) the central route persuasion,but not peripheral. 
D) the peripheral route persuasion,but not central.

Question 20

The process by which a person is persuaded by cues in the persuasion context rather than thinking critically about the content of a persuasive message is called

Accepted Answer

A) psychological reactance. 
B) theory of planned behavior. 
C) the peripheral route to persuasion. 
D) the central route to persuasion. 
A) psychological reactance. 
B) theory of planned behavior. 
C) the peripheral route to persuasion. 
D) the central route to persuasion.

Implicit Association Tests (IATs)can detect implicit attitudes by measuring

Discuss and given an example of at least four different techniques that one can use to resist others' attempts to persuade them to change their attitude.

The primary difference between the models of persuasion proposed by Hovland and McGuire and that proposed by Greenwald is that Greenwald's model

The process by which we form an attitude toward a neutral stimulus because of its association with a positive or negative person,place,or thing is called

Stephen Kraus's (1995)meta-analysis on the relationship between attitudes and behaviors showed that attitudes

Miss Roberto is concerned that Talia and Emily avoid playing with Michael because he is African American.Which strategy would best enable her to assess any unconscious dislike these two students feel toward Michael?

Which theory suggests that intentions to perform a behavior are best predicted by attitudes toward the behavior,subjective norms,and perceived behavioral control?

Jon and Kate give consecutive speeches on opposing sides in a debate on solar energy.Audience members are______________asked to register their view a few weeks later.How might the order of the speeches affect the audience's decision?

The idea that we infer our own attitudes by coolly observing ourselves and the circumstances of our behavior is most consistent with

Persuasive communication is the outcome of three possible factors.Which is not one of those factors?

The idea that people are more likely to be influenced by messages that match their frame of mind is known as

Discuss and given an example of five different techniques that one can use to overcome cognitive dissonance.

What occurred in the research by Balletic and Dunning (2007)in which participants were asked to walk across a college campus wearing an embarrassing costume?

Which statement concerning the use of fear appeals is not supported by research?

Research by Landau and colleagues (2004),in which participants were exposed to subliminal images of the 9/11 terrorist attacks,and then asked questions about then-President George W.Bush,leads to the conclusion that

Which of the following is not used to overcome the limitations of traditional self-report methodology?

When message recipients use central route processing,which of the following will be true?

Social psychologists seek to______________understand

The process by which a person is persuaded by cues in the persuasion context rather than thinking critically about the content of a persuasive message is called

What Is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Conformity

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Law

Business

Health

Filters

Exam 6: Attitudes

Implicit Association Tests (IATs)can detect implicit attitudes by measuring

Discuss and given an example of at least four different techniques that one can use to resist others' attempts to persuade them to change their attitude.

The primary difference between the models of persuasion proposed by Hovland and McGuire and that proposed by Greenwald is that Greenwald's model

The process by which we form an attitude toward a neutral stimulus because of its association with a positive or negative person,place,or thing is called

Stephen Kraus's (1995)meta-analysis on the relationship between attitudes and behaviors showed that attitudes

Miss Roberto is concerned that Talia and Emily avoid playing with Michael because he is African American.Which strategy would best enable her to assess any unconscious dislike these two students feel toward Michael?

Which theory suggests that intentions to perform a behavior are best predicted by attitudes toward the behavior,subjective norms,and perceived behavioral control?

Jon and Kate give consecutive speeches on opposing sides in a debate on solar energy.Audience members are______________asked to register their view a few weeks later.How might the order of the speeches affect the audience's decision?

The idea that we infer our own attitudes by coolly observing ourselves and the circumstances of our behavior is most consistent with

Persuasive communication is the outcome of three possible factors.Which is not one of those factors?

The idea that people are more likely to be influenced by messages that match their frame of mind is known as

Discuss and given an example of five different techniques that one can use to overcome cognitive dissonance.

What occurred in the research by Balletic and Dunning (2007)in which participants were asked to walk across a college campus wearing an embarrassing costume?

Which statement concerning the use of fear appeals is not supported by research?

Research by Landau and colleagues (2004),in which participants were exposed to subliminal images of the 9/11 terrorist attacks,and then asked questions about then-President George W.Bush,leads to the conclusion that

Which of the following is not used to overcome the limitations of traditional self-report methodology?

When message recipients use central route processing,which of the following will be true?

Social psychologists seek to______________understand

The process by which a person is persuaded by cues in the persuasion context rather than thinking critically about the content of a persuasive message is called

What Is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Conformity

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Law

Business

Health

Filters