Question 1

Research on stereotype threat indicates that

Accepted Answer

A) only a handful of minority groups experience such threats. 
B) they can be attenuated by expressing positive expectations of the potential targets. 
C) stereotypes are just as likely to improve the math scores of women as to harm them. 
D) it is an exclusively American phenomenon. 
A) only a handful of minority groups experience such threats. 
B) they can be attenuated by expressing positive expectations of the potential targets. 
C) stereotypes are just as likely to improve the math scores of women as to harm them. 
D) it is an exclusively American phenomenon. B

Question 2

System-justifying beliefs are

Accepted Answer

A) more likely to be held by groups in power. 
B) rarely if ever found in collectivist cultures. 
C) associated with decreased levels of ingroup/outgroup bias. 
D) more common among women than men in most cultures. 
A) more likely to be held by groups in power. 
B) rarely if ever found in collectivist cultures. 
C) associated with decreased levels of ingroup/outgroup bias. 
D) more common among women than men in most cultures. A

Question 3

James is not satisfied with his $5 million annual salary because he feels that other basketball All-Stars are paid far more money.James' dissatisfaction is most likely the result of

Accepted Answer

A) realistic conflict theory. 
B) in group favoritism. 
C) out group homogeneity. 
D) relative deprivation. 
A) realistic conflict theory. 
B) in group favoritism. 
C) out group homogeneity. 
D) relative deprivation. D

Question 4

Which of the following has been demonstrated in research on the automatic nature of stereotypes?

Accepted Answer

A) Exposure to stereotype content influences subsequent judgments for both high and low prejudiced individuals. 
B) Exposure to category labels influences subsequent judgments for both high and low prejudiced individuals. 
C) Automatic activation effects are less likely to occur if self-esteem is threatened. 
D) Stereotypes influence subsequent judgment only when people are aware that the stereotype has been activated. 
A) Exposure to stereotype content influences subsequent judgments for both high and low prejudiced individuals. 
B) Exposure to category labels influences subsequent judgments for both high and low prejudiced individuals. 
C) Automatic activation effects are less likely to occur if self-esteem is threatened. 
D) Stereotypes influence subsequent judgment only when people are aware that the stereotype has been activated.

Question 5

Gender stereotypes are prescriptive.This means that gender stereotypes

Accepted Answer

A) identify what men and women should be like. 
B) predict when men and women are likely to behave in stereotype-consistent ways. 
C) are more accurate than other kinds of stereotypes. 
D) are less influenced by cultural standards than other stereotypes. 
A) identify what men and women should be like. 
B) predict when men and women are likely to behave in stereotype-consistent ways. 
C) are more accurate than other kinds of stereotypes. 
D) are less influenced by cultural standards than other stereotypes.

Question 6

Participants in an experiment learn about eight positive and four negative behaviors performed by members of group A.They also learn about four positive and two negative behaviors performed by members of group B.Which pattern______________of results is most likely?

Accepted Answer

A) Group B will be liked more because they performed the fewest number of negative behaviors. 
B) Group A and B will be liked equally well because the ratio of positive to negative behaviors is the same. 
C) Group A will be liked less because of a perceived link between the distinctive events of membership in the larger group and performing more negative behaviors. 
D) Group B will be liked less because of a perceived link between the distinctive events of membership in the smaller group and performing fewer negative behaviors. 
A) Group B will be liked more because they performed the fewest number of negative behaviors. 
B) Group A and B will be liked equally well because the ratio of positive to negative behaviors is the same. 
C) Group A will be liked less because of a perceived link between the distinctive events of membership in the larger group and performing more negative behaviors. 
D) Group B will be liked less because of a perceived link between the distinctive events of membership in the smaller group and performing fewer negative behaviors.

Question 7

Tilcsik (2011)sent pairs of resumes in response to 1,800 job postings.The resumes were nearly identical,except that one mentioned that the job candidate volunteered for a gay campus organization.The results of this study showed______________ that

Accepted Answer

A) the two resumes were equally likely to receive interview invitations. 
B) the resume with gay campus organization experience was 15 percent less likely to receive an interview invitation. 
C) the resume with gay campus organization experience was 40 percent less likely to receive an interview invitation. 
D) the resume with the gay campus organization experience was 15 percent more likely to receive an interview invitation. 
A) the two resumes were equally likely to receive interview invitations. 
B) the resume with gay campus organization experience was 15 percent less likely to receive an interview invitation. 
C) the resume with gay campus organization experience was 40 percent less likely to receive an interview invitation. 
D) the resume with the gay campus organization experience was 15 percent more likely to receive an interview invitation.

Question 8

According to social role theory,gender differences that arise from social roles provide a continuing basis for

Accepted Answer

A) minimal groups. 
B) jigsaw classrooms. 
C) old-fashioned racism. 
D) gender stereotypes. 
A) minimal groups. 
B) jigsaw classrooms. 
C) old-fashioned racism. 
D) gender stereotypes.

Question 9

According to research by Crocker and colleagues (1991),black students who received positive interpersonal______________ feedback from a white student experienced______________if there was suspicion that the feedback had been received due to race.

Accepted Answer

A) an increase in level of anger 
B) no change in self-esteem 
C) a reduction in self-esteem 
D) an increase in self-esteem 
A) an increase in level of anger 
B) no change in self-esteem 
C) a reduction in self-esteem 
D) an increase in self-esteem

Question 10

Kashima and others (2013)had Australian students transmit a story about a football player from one person to the next.Their results indicated that as the story went from person to person,

Accepted Answer

A) the stereotype-inconsistent information was eventually weeded out. 
B) the stereotype-inconsistent information was eventually exaggerated. 
C) the stereotype-consistent information was often distorted. 
D) its content remained relatively consistent. 
A) the stereotype-inconsistent information was eventually weeded out. 
B) the stereotype-inconsistent information was eventually exaggerated. 
C) the stereotype-consistent information was often distorted. 
D) its content remained relatively consistent.

Question 11

Research findings regarding dehumanization indicate that

Accepted Answer

A) people tend to process out group faces in a manner similar to their processing of nonhuman objects. 
B) dehumanization of out groups is typically associated with reactions of greater empathy. 
C) only members of the racial majority tend to be aware of cultural associations between racial minority group members and particular animal characteristics. 
D) it has occurred in every culture in every time era in recorded history. 
A) people tend to process out group faces in a manner similar to their processing of nonhuman objects. 
B) dehumanization of out groups is typically associated with reactions of greater empathy. 
C) only members of the racial majority tend to be aware of cultural associations between racial minority group members and particular animal characteristics. 
D) it has occurred in every culture in every time era in recorded history.

Question 12

People can counter the potentially negative effects of stereotype activation by

Accepted Answer

A) taking the perspective of a member of the stereotyped group. 
B) trying very hard not to think about the stereotype. 
C) thinking about the stereotyped group as a whole. 
D) thinking about recent instances in which they made fair judgments. 
A) taking the perspective of a member of the stereotyped group. 
B) trying very hard not to think about the stereotype. 
C) thinking about the stereotyped group as a whole. 
D) thinking about recent instances in which they made fair judgments.

Question 13

Arnold is not a cheerleader and doesn't know any cheerleaders personally,but when he sees them at the football games,they are always smiling.Arnold is likely to

Accepted Answer

A) think about specific cheerleaders rather than the group stereotype. 
B) notice the ways in which each cheerleader is unique. 
C) be able to distinguish cheerleaders from one another only if they are smiling. 
D) think that all cheerleaders are happy. 
A) think about specific cheerleaders rather than the group stereotype. 
B) notice the ways in which each cheerleader is unique. 
C) be able to distinguish cheerleaders from one another only if they are smiling. 
D) think that all cheerleaders are happy.

Question 14

Bridgette thinks short people are lazy,and Barbara refuses to let short people join her book club.Bridgette is exhibiting______________,whereas Barbara is exhibiting______________.

Accepted Answer

A) discrimination;prejudice 
B) stereotyping;discrimination 
C) prejudice;stereotyping 
D) prejudice;discrimination 
A) discrimination;prejudice 
B) stereotyping;discrimination 
C) prejudice;stereotyping 
D) prejudice;discrimination

Question 15

Which statement best epitomizes the role of socialization in explaining stereotypes?

Accepted Answer

A) Larry tends to sort objects into groups rather than thinking of each item as unique,and he does the same thing when perceiving other people. 
B) Cheryl relies on stereotypes because it saves her cognitive effort and energy. 
C) Jeff thinks that all Italians are loud and easily excited because he has heard his father describe them in this manner. 
D) Susie responds to threats to her self-esteem by stereotyping other groups to make herself feel better. 
A) Larry tends to sort objects into groups rather than thinking of each item as unique,and he does the same thing when perceiving other people. 
B) Cheryl relies on stereotypes because it saves her cognitive effort and energy. 
C) Jeff thinks that all Italians are loud and easily excited because he has heard his father describe them in this manner. 
D) Susie responds to threats to her self-esteem by stereotyping other groups to make herself feel better.

Question 16

The concept that concerns the ambivalence between one's sincere,fair-minded attitudes and beliefs,and their largely unconscious and unrealized prejudicial feelings and beliefs,is called______________racism.

Accepted Answer

A) modern 
B) aversive 
C) explicit 
D) implicit 
A) modern 
B) aversive 
C) explicit 
D) implicit

Question 17

Fein and Spencer (1997)conducted a study in which participants evaluated a job applicant whom they believed to be either Jewish or non-Jewish.Which statement about this study is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Participants were more likely to discriminate against the Jewish applicant when they had previously been given negative feedback about their own abilities. 
B) Participants who were able to avoid discriminating against the Jewish applicant demonstrated the biggest boost to their own self-esteem. 
C) The study was conducted on a campus where negative stereotypes about Jewish women were pervasive. 
D) Their results provide supporting evidence for one of the basic predictions of social identity theory. 
A) Participants were more likely to discriminate against the Jewish applicant when they had previously been given negative feedback about their own abilities. 
B) Participants who were able to avoid discriminating against the Jewish applicant demonstrated the biggest boost to their own self-esteem. 
C) The study was conducted on a campus where negative stereotypes about Jewish women were pervasive. 
D) Their results provide supporting evidence for one of the basic predictions of social identity theory.

Question 18

Describe two ways in which gender stereotypes are strengthened and maintained.

Accepted Answer

Gender stereotypes are strengthened and

Question 19

Distinguish between benevolent sexism and hostile sexism,and give at least one example of each.How are these two concepts related to ambivalent sexism? Finally,what are some of the impacts of these forms of sexism?

Accepted Answer

These contradictions are reflected in Pe

Question 20

All port and Postman's (1947)study using a photograph of a subway car demonstrated how racial stereotypes

Accepted Answer

A) evolve over generations. 
B) facilitate memory accuracy and conserve cognitive energy. 
C) can be controlled. 
D) distort social perception and memory. 
A) evolve over generations. 
B) facilitate memory accuracy and conserve cognitive energy. 
C) can be controlled. 
D) distort social perception and memory.

Research on stereotype threat indicates that

System-justifying beliefs are

James is not satisfied with his $5 million annual salary because he feels that other basketball All-Stars are paid far more money.James' dissatisfaction is most likely the result of

Which of the following has been demonstrated in research on the automatic nature of stereotypes?

Gender stereotypes are prescriptive.This means that gender stereotypes

Participants in an experiment learn about eight positive and four negative behaviors performed by members of group A.They also learn about four positive and two negative behaviors performed by members of group B.Which pattern______________of results is most likely?

Tilcsik (2011)sent pairs of resumes in response to 1,800 job postings.The resumes were nearly identical,except that one mentioned that the job candidate volunteered for a gay campus organization.The results of this study showed______________ that

According to social role theory,gender differences that arise from social roles provide a continuing basis for

According to research by Crocker and colleagues (1991),black students who received positive interpersonal feedback from a white student experiencedif there was suspicion that the feedback had been received due to race.

Kashima and others (2013)had Australian students transmit a story about a football player from one person to the next.Their results indicated that as the story went from person to person,

Research findings regarding dehumanization indicate that

People can counter the potentially negative effects of stereotype activation by

Arnold is not a cheerleader and doesn't know any cheerleaders personally,but when he sees them at the football games,they are always smiling.Arnold is likely to

Bridgette thinks short people are lazy,and Barbara refuses to let short people join her book club.Bridgette is exhibiting,whereas Barbara is exhibiting.

Which statement best epitomizes the role of socialization in explaining stereotypes?

The concept that concerns the ambivalence between one's sincere,fair-minded attitudes and beliefs,and their largely unconscious and unrealized prejudicial feelings and beliefs,is called______________racism.

Fein and Spencer (1997)conducted a study in which participants evaluated a job applicant whom they believed to be either Jewish or non-Jewish.Which statement about this study is false?

Describe two ways in which gender stereotypes are strengthened and maintained.

Distinguish between benevolent sexism and hostile sexism,and give at least one example of each.How are these two concepts related to ambivalent sexism? Finally,what are some of the impacts of these forms of sexism?

All port and Postman's (1947)study using a photograph of a subway car demonstrated how racial stereotypes

What Is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Attitudes

Conformity

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Law

Business

Health

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Exam 5: Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Research on stereotype threat indicates that

System-justifying beliefs are

James is not satisfied with his $5 million annual salary because he feels that other basketball All-Stars are paid far more money.James' dissatisfaction is most likely the result of

Which of the following has been demonstrated in research on the automatic nature of stereotypes?

Gender stereotypes are prescriptive.This means that gender stereotypes

Participants in an experiment learn about eight positive and four negative behaviors performed by members of group A.They also learn about four positive and two negative behaviors performed by members of group B.Which pattern______________of results is most likely?

Tilcsik (2011)sent pairs of resumes in response to 1,800 job postings.The resumes were nearly identical,except that one mentioned that the job candidate volunteered for a gay campus organization.The results of this study showed______________ that

According to social role theory,gender differences that arise from social roles provide a continuing basis for

According to research by Crocker and colleagues (1991),black students who received positive interpersonal______________ feedback from a white student experienced______________if there was suspicion that the feedback had been received due to race.

Kashima and others (2013)had Australian students transmit a story about a football player from one person to the next.Their results indicated that as the story went from person to person,

Research findings regarding dehumanization indicate that

People can counter the potentially negative effects of stereotype activation by

Arnold is not a cheerleader and doesn't know any cheerleaders personally,but when he sees them at the football games,they are always smiling.Arnold is likely to

Bridgette thinks short people are lazy,and Barbara refuses to let short people join her book club.Bridgette is exhibiting______________,whereas Barbara is exhibiting______________.

Which statement best epitomizes the role of socialization in explaining stereotypes?

The concept that concerns the ambivalence between one's sincere,fair-minded attitudes and beliefs,and their largely unconscious and unrealized prejudicial feelings and beliefs,is called______________racism.

Fein and Spencer (1997)conducted a study in which participants evaluated a job applicant whom they believed to be either Jewish or non-Jewish.Which statement about this study is false?

Describe two ways in which gender stereotypes are strengthened and maintained.

Distinguish between benevolent sexism and hostile sexism,and give at least one example of each.How are these two concepts related to ambivalent sexism? Finally,what are some of the impacts of these forms of sexism?

All port and Postman's (1947)study using a photograph of a subway car demonstrated how racial stereotypes

What Is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Attitudes

Conformity

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Law

Business

Health

Filters

According to research by Crocker and colleagues (1991),black students who received positive interpersonal feedback from a white student experiencedif there was suspicion that the feedback had been received due to race.

Bridgette thinks short people are lazy,and Barbara refuses to let short people join her book club.Bridgette is exhibiting,whereas Barbara is exhibiting.